Comparative Analysis of Hamilton Construction Methods for the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm

Year 2026, Volume: 38 Issue: 1, 91 - 104, 20.03.2026

Saba Arife Bozpolat , Özlem Salehi Köken

https://doi.org/10.7240/jeps.1752589

https://izlik.org/JA58JR58MR

Abstract

Quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize the solution of complex optimization problems. Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is one of the most prominent methods in this field. This study compares two different approaches to Hamiltonian construction within the context of QAOA. Specifically, it focuses on the weighted bipartite graph matching problem. The first approach employs the penalty method, which increases the objective function when constraints are violated. The second approach is based on Hadfield’s Boolean representation, which constructs Hamiltonians directly from constraints expressed as Boolean functions. The results obtained indicate that the Hamiltonian constructed using Hadfield’s method demonstrates a more effective performance in reaching optimal outcomes. This finding underscores the potential of Hadfield’s method in constrained combinatorial optimization problems.

Keywords

QAOA , Hamiltonian , weighted bipartite graph , matching problem , penalty method

Kuantum Yaklaşık Optimizasyon Algoritması İçin Hamilton İşlemcisi İnşası Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

https://izlik.org/JA58JR58MR

Abstract

Kuantum hesaplama, karmaşık optimizasyon problemlerini çözmede devrim niteliğinde bir potansiyele sahiptir. Kuantum yaklaşık optimizasyon algoritması (QAOA), bu alandaki en önemli yöntemlerden biridir. Çalışma özellikle iki parçalı ağırlıklı graf eşleştirme problemine odaklanmaktadır. İlk yaklaşım, kısıtların ihlal edilmesi durumunda amaç fonksiyonunu artıran ceza yöntemini kullanmaktadır. İlk yaklaşım, kısıtlar ihlal edildiğinde amaç fonksiyonunu artıran ceza yöntemini kullanmaktadır. İkinci yaklaşım ise, kısıtları doğrudan Boolean fonksiyonları olarak ifade ederek Hamilton işlemcisi oluşturan Hadfield’ın Boolean temsiline dayanmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Hadfield’ın Boolean temsili kullanılarak inşa edilen Hamilton işlemcisinin optimal sonuca ulaşma açısından daha etkili bir performans sergilediğini göstermektedir. Bu bulgu, kısıtlı kombinatorik optimizasyon problemlerinde Hadfield’ın Boolean temsil yönteminin potansiyelini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

QAOA , Hamilton işlemcisi , iki parçalı graf , eşleştirme problemi , ceza yöntemi

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