Doğal Boya Kaynağı – Flavonoidler Üzerine Derleme

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, doğadaki mevcut bitkilere sarı renk veren flavonoidler hakkında kısa bilgi verilmiş olup, ek olarak da, bu bileşiklerin alt grupları olan flavonlar, flavonollar, flavanonlar ve isoflavonoidler hakkında genel bilgiler sunulmuştur. Bu alt gruplar arasında flavonlar ve flavonollar fenolik bileşiklerin en önemli sınıflarından birisidirler. Flavonoidleri içeren en önemli boya bitkileri hakkında bilgiler de bu çalışmada verilmiştir. İncelenmiş bitkiler muhabbet çiçeği (Reseda luteola L.), soğan (Allium cepa L.), boyacı sumağı (Cotinus coggygria SCOP), cehri (Rhamnus petiolaris Boiss), boyacı katırtırnağı (Genista tinctoria L.) ve katırtırnağı (Spartium junceum L.)’dır. Bu boya kaynakları arasında en önemli sarı boyarmaddesi luteolin’dir. Anadolu ve Avrupa’ya özgü boyarmaddenin en önemlilerinden birisi olarak bilinir. Bir çok boya bitkisi antik ve tarihi tekstillerde sarı renk boyamacılığı için kullanılmıştır. Günümüzde, flavonoidler sürdürülebilir, toksik olmayan, eko tekstil ve çevre dostu tekstil boyamacılığı için yeniden kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Aynı zamanda, flavonoidlerin doğal lak organik pigment, kozmetik ve ilaç endüstrisi için kullanımı yeniden artmıştır. Son yıllarda, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) tarafından tekstil boyamacılığında, kozmetik ve ilaç endüstrileri ve benzeri alanlarda flavonların kullanımı önerilmiştir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada doğal boyarmaddelerin teorik ve deneysel benzer çalışmalara katkı sağlaması amaçlanmıştır.           

Keywords

• Flavonoid,doğal boya,boya bitkisi

A Review on the Flavonoids – A Dye Source

Abstract

In this study, the short information was given about flavonoids giving yellow colour to plants present in nature. In addition to these, flavones, flavonols, flavanones and isoflavonoids as subgroups were also reviewed. Among these subgroups, flavones and flavonols are one of the most important classes of phenolic compounds. The information about the most important dye plants including flavonoids was also given in this study. The investigated plants are weld (Reseda luteola L.), onion (Allium cepa L.), young fustic (Cotinus coggygria SCOP), Anatolian buckthorn (Rhamnus petiolaris Boiss), dyer’s greenwood (Genista tinctoria L.) and Spanish broom (Spartium junceum L.). The most important yellow dyestuff  and the oldest European dye among these dye sources is known as the luteolin dye. The dye plants were used for yellow color dyeing in ancient and historical textile. Nowadays, flavonoids are reused for sustainable, non-toxic, green textile and environment friendly textile dyeing. In the same time, flavonoids have been used for natural lake organic pigment, cosmetic, pharmaceuitical industries. In recent years, it has been suggested to use flavones in textile dyeing, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, etc. industries by the World Health Organization (WHO). Therefore, we have aimed to contribute to similar studies theoretical and experimental in natural dyeing studies.

Keywords

• Flavonoid,natural dye,dye plant

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