Borik Asit Uygulanan Farklı Hasat Dönemlerindeki Yeşil Çay Yapraklarının Biyokimyasal Değişikliklerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2019, Volume: 31 Issue: 2, 149 - 154, 30.06.2019

İşıl Sezekler Zeynep Mine Coşkun Melike Ersöz

https://doi.org/10.7240/jeps.502451

Abstract

C. sinensis yapraklarından
elde edilen çayın antioksidatif, pro-oksidatif ve antikarsinojenik gibi değişik
farmakolojik etkileri vardır. Bitkilerin büyüme ve gelişmesi için gereksinim
duyulan bor elementinin eksikliği reaktif oksijen türlerini meydana getirir.
Yüksek bor konsantrasyonunun antioksidan enzim aktivitesini arttırdığı ve
membran fonksiyonlarını reaktif oksijen türlerinin zararlarından koruduğu bilinmektedir.
Çalışmamızın amacı; borik asit uygulanan yeşil çayın farklı dönemlerde hasat
edilen yapraklarındaki biyokimyasal değişikliklerin incelenmesidir. Rize-Çayeli
ilçesinde Çaykur deneme bahçesi 20 parsele ayrıldı. Gruplar,
C. sinensis’e 0 (A grubu), 100 (B
grubu), 300 (C grubu) ve 500 (D grubu) mg/m² konsantrasyonlarda
borik asit uygulanarak oluşturuldu. Üç farklı hasat döneminde yeşil çay
yaprakları toplandı ve sıvı nitrojende fikse edildi. Yeşil çay ekstrelerinden katalaz (KAT), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) enzim
aktivitelerinin ve glutatyon (GSH), malondialdehit (MDA) seviyelerinin tayini
yapıldı.
SOD enzim aktivitesi ve GSH seviyesi özellikle
3. hasat döneminde yüksekti, ayrıca B ve D gruplarında A grubuna göre anlamlı
artış vardı (p < 0.05). MDA seviyesinde 1. hasat döneminde B, C ve D
gruplarında, A grubuna göre bir azalma görüldü (p < 0.01). Bulgularımıza
göre,  yeşil çay yapraklarının yetiştiği
topraklarda meydana gelen bor eksikliği çayın koruyucu özelliğini düşürebilir.
Bor uygulanan bölgelerden elde edilen çay yaprakları ile antioksidan özelliğine
sahip daha kaliteli ürünler elde edilebilir.

Keywords

Borik asit, yeşil çay, C. Sinensis, oksidatif stres

Investigation of Biochemical Changes of Green Tea Leaves Treated with Boric Acid in Different Harvest Periods

Abstract

Tea obtained from C. sinensis leaves has different
pharmacological effects such as antioxidative, pro-oxidative and
anticarcinogenic. The lack of boron elements required for the growth and
development of plants causes the production of reactive oxygen species. It has
been reported that high boron concentration also increases the antioxidant
enzyme activity and protects the membrane functions from the damage of reactive
oxygen species. The aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical
changes of green tea leaves treated with boric acid in different harvest
periods. Çaykur trial garden was divided into 20 parcels in Rize-Çayeli
district. Groups were formed by applying boric acid to C. sinensis at concentrations of 0 (group A), 100 (group B), 300
(group C) and 500 (group D) mg/m². During three harvests, green tea
leaves were collected and fixed in liquid nitrogen. The catalase (CAT),
superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities and glutathione (GSH),
malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of green tea extracts were determined. SOD enzyme
activity and GSH level were high especially in the 3rd harvest period, and also
B and D groups were significantly higher than A group (p <0.05). There was a
decrease in the B, C and D groups at the MDA level in the 1st harvest period
compared to the A group (p <0.01). According to our findings, the lack of
boric acid in the soil where green tea leaves grow can reduce the protective
properties of tea. Better quality products with antioxidant properties can be
provided with tea leaves obtained from boric acid applied areas.

Keywords

Boric acid, green tea, C. sinensis, oxidative stress

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