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Analysis and design of an air to air heat exchanger used in energy recovery systems

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 108 - 130, 31.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.30521/jes.962672

Abstract

With the continuous worldwide energy use increase, energy efficiency is gaining high importance. Consequently, many methods have been investigated for potential energy savings. One of these methods is the use of heat recovery systems. These systems basically re-use waste heat and reduce energy consumption. Also, they are increasingly used to reduce heating and cooling demands of buildings. Their main feature is to provide fresh air to the place which is heated by the exhaust air with the help of a heat exchanger (HEX) working between two different temperature sources. The most commonly used types of heat exchangers in ventilation systems are cross-flow and counter-flow heat exchangers. Cross-flow heat exchangers have a thermal efficiency in the range of 50-75% while counter-flow heat exchangers have 75-95%. Many studies have been carried out to increase the efficiency of this type of heat exchangers. In this study, different designs of cross-flow and counter-flow exchangers are compared using ANSYS Fluent software. The aim is to determine how the plate surface geometry affects heat transfer and pressure drop. It is aimed to find the optimum design with maximum efficiency, high heat transfer and low pressure drop for heat exchangers. As a result, it has been observed that thermal efficiency increased from 18% to 60% when changing from cross flow to counter flow in flat plate design, while it increased from 25% to 77% in enhanced plate designs. For enhanced designs, counter flow heat exchanger is 52% more efficient than cross flow heat exchanger. Also, improvements to increase the surface area and turbulence in both flow types have increased heat transfer and thermal efficiency.

Thanks

The authors would like to express their gratitude to Mr. Deniz Zeybel and Trex Heat Exchangers Company for their support and help during the study.

References

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  • [4] De Antonellis, S, Cignatta, L, Facchini, C, Liberati, P. Effect of heat exchanger plates geometry on performance of an indirect evaporative cooling system. Applied Thermal Engineering 2020: 115200.
  • [5] Xing, Y, Weigand, B. Experimental investigation of impingement heat transfer on a flat and dimpled plate with different crossflow schemes. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 2010; 53: 3874-3886.
  • [6] Piper, M, Zibarta, A, Djakow, E, Springer, R, Homberg, W, Keniga, EY. Heat transfer enhancement in pillow-plate heat exchangers with dimpled surfaces: A numerical study. Applied Thermal Engineering 2019; 153: 142-146.
  • [7] Kumar, P, Kumar, A, Chamoli S, Kumar, M. Experimental investigation of heat transfer enhancement and fluid flow characteristics in a protruded surface heat exchanger tube. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 2016; 71: 42-51.
  • [8] Vignesh, S, Moorthy, VS, Nallakumarasamy, G. Experimental and CFD Analysis of Concentric Dimple Tube Heat Exchanger. Int J Emerg Technol Eng Res (IJETER) 2017: 5(7): 18-26.
  • [9] Al-Zubaydi, A. Y. T., & Hong, G. Experimental investigation of counter flow heat exchangers for energy recovery ventilation in cooling mode. International Journal of Refrigeration 2018; 93: 132-143.
  • [10] Dogan, S, Darici, S, Ozgoren M. Numerical comparison of thermal and hydraulic performances for heat exchangers having circular and elliptic cross-section. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 2019; 145: 118731.
  • [11] Gholami, A, Mohammed, HA, Wahid, MA, Khiadani, M. Parametric design exploration of fin-and-oval tube compact heat exchangers performance with a new type of corrugated fin patterns. International Journal of Thermal Sciences 2019; 144: 173-190.
  • [12] Lee, J, Lee KS. Correlations and shape optimization in a channel with aligned dimples and protrusions. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 2013; 64: 444-451.
  • [13] Ying, P, He, Y, Tang, H, & Ren, Y. Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Flow and Heat Transfer in Heat Exchanger Channels with Different Dimples Geometries. Machines 2021; 9(4): 72.
  • [14] ASHRAE Handbook: Heating, Ventilating and Air-Conditioning Systems and Equipment. Atalanta GA, USA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers Inc., 2004.
  • [15] Teke, I, Agra, O, Atayılmaz, SO, Demir, H. Determining the best type of heat exchangers for heat recovery. Applied Thermal Engineering 2010; 30: 577-583.
  • [16] White, FM. Viscous Fluid Flow (3rd Edition). New York, USA: McGraw-Hill Mechanical Engineering, 1991.
  • [17] Internet Web-Site: https://eurovent.eu/?q=content/eurovent-1711-2015-guidelines-heat-recovery, Eurovent 17/11 – 2015 - Eurovent guidelines for Heat Recovery, August 2021.
  • [18] Sullivan, WG, Wicks, EM, Koelling, CP. Engineering Economy. Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Pearson Inc., 2014
  • [19] Miro, L, Mckenna, R, Jager, T, Cabeza, LF. Estimating the industrial waste heat recovery potential based on CO2 emissions in the European non-metalic mineral industry. Energy Efficiency 2018; 11: 427-443.
  • [20] Internet Web-Site: https://www.botas.gov.tr/Sayfa/2021-yili-mayis-ayi-dogal-gaz-toptan-satis-fiyat-tarifesi/531, Botaş Tarifeler [Botaş Tariffs], May 2021.
Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 108 - 130, 31.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.30521/jes.962672

Abstract

References

  • [1] Fouih, YE, Stabat, P, Rivière, P, Hoanga, P, Archambault, V. Adequacy of air-to-air heat recovery ventilation system applied in low energy buildings. Energy and Building 2012; 54: 29-39.
  • [2] Kotcioglu, I, Caliskan, S, Zırzakıran, M. Heat Transfer in A Cross-Flow Heat Recovery Ventilator with Fin. Erciyes Üniv. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 2009; 25(1-2): 272 – 286
  • [3] Borjigin, S, Zhang, S, Ma, T, Zeng, M, Wang, Q. Performance enhancement of cabinet cooling system by utilizing cross-flow plate heat exchanger. Energy Conversion and Management 2020; 213: 112854.
  • [4] De Antonellis, S, Cignatta, L, Facchini, C, Liberati, P. Effect of heat exchanger plates geometry on performance of an indirect evaporative cooling system. Applied Thermal Engineering 2020: 115200.
  • [5] Xing, Y, Weigand, B. Experimental investigation of impingement heat transfer on a flat and dimpled plate with different crossflow schemes. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 2010; 53: 3874-3886.
  • [6] Piper, M, Zibarta, A, Djakow, E, Springer, R, Homberg, W, Keniga, EY. Heat transfer enhancement in pillow-plate heat exchangers with dimpled surfaces: A numerical study. Applied Thermal Engineering 2019; 153: 142-146.
  • [7] Kumar, P, Kumar, A, Chamoli S, Kumar, M. Experimental investigation of heat transfer enhancement and fluid flow characteristics in a protruded surface heat exchanger tube. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 2016; 71: 42-51.
  • [8] Vignesh, S, Moorthy, VS, Nallakumarasamy, G. Experimental and CFD Analysis of Concentric Dimple Tube Heat Exchanger. Int J Emerg Technol Eng Res (IJETER) 2017: 5(7): 18-26.
  • [9] Al-Zubaydi, A. Y. T., & Hong, G. Experimental investigation of counter flow heat exchangers for energy recovery ventilation in cooling mode. International Journal of Refrigeration 2018; 93: 132-143.
  • [10] Dogan, S, Darici, S, Ozgoren M. Numerical comparison of thermal and hydraulic performances for heat exchangers having circular and elliptic cross-section. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 2019; 145: 118731.
  • [11] Gholami, A, Mohammed, HA, Wahid, MA, Khiadani, M. Parametric design exploration of fin-and-oval tube compact heat exchangers performance with a new type of corrugated fin patterns. International Journal of Thermal Sciences 2019; 144: 173-190.
  • [12] Lee, J, Lee KS. Correlations and shape optimization in a channel with aligned dimples and protrusions. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 2013; 64: 444-451.
  • [13] Ying, P, He, Y, Tang, H, & Ren, Y. Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Flow and Heat Transfer in Heat Exchanger Channels with Different Dimples Geometries. Machines 2021; 9(4): 72.
  • [14] ASHRAE Handbook: Heating, Ventilating and Air-Conditioning Systems and Equipment. Atalanta GA, USA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers Inc., 2004.
  • [15] Teke, I, Agra, O, Atayılmaz, SO, Demir, H. Determining the best type of heat exchangers for heat recovery. Applied Thermal Engineering 2010; 30: 577-583.
  • [16] White, FM. Viscous Fluid Flow (3rd Edition). New York, USA: McGraw-Hill Mechanical Engineering, 1991.
  • [17] Internet Web-Site: https://eurovent.eu/?q=content/eurovent-1711-2015-guidelines-heat-recovery, Eurovent 17/11 – 2015 - Eurovent guidelines for Heat Recovery, August 2021.
  • [18] Sullivan, WG, Wicks, EM, Koelling, CP. Engineering Economy. Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Pearson Inc., 2014
  • [19] Miro, L, Mckenna, R, Jager, T, Cabeza, LF. Estimating the industrial waste heat recovery potential based on CO2 emissions in the European non-metalic mineral industry. Energy Efficiency 2018; 11: 427-443.
  • [20] Internet Web-Site: https://www.botas.gov.tr/Sayfa/2021-yili-mayis-ayi-dogal-gaz-toptan-satis-fiyat-tarifesi/531, Botaş Tarifeler [Botaş Tariffs], May 2021.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Mechanical Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Helin Ülgen Elmacıoğlu 0000-0001-9548-341X

İrem Özsevgin 0000-0001-9867-3382

Cennet Kocabıyık 0000-0002-9243-4388

Nezir Yağız Çam 0000-0001-5540-0026

Levent Bilir 0000-0002-8227-6267

Publication Date March 31, 2022
Acceptance Date November 19, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Elmacıoğlu HÜ, Özsevgin İ, Kocabıyık C, Çam NY, Bilir L. Analysis and design of an air to air heat exchanger used in energy recovery systems. Journal of Energy Systems. 2022;6(1):108-30.

Journal of Energy Systems is the official journal of 

European Conference on Renewable Energy Systems (ECRES8756 and


Electrical and Computer Engineering Research Group (ECERG)  8753


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