The Effects of Different Sucrose Concentrations on The Regeneration Area of Riccia Fluitans L., A Medicinal Aquatic Plant

Abstract

Carbon sources are very important for plants in vitro growth and development. Sucrose is one of these carbon sources. Determination of sucrose concentration for optimum plant production is required. In this study, the effects of different sucrose concentrations on the in vitro production of the Riccia fluitans L. were investigated. Surface sterilization of the R. fluitans was achieved after 5 min of application with 15% hydrogen peroxide. Four-week-old plants grown in sterile culture medium were equally divided and transferred to MS medium supplemented with 0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg/L sucrose and 0.25 mg/L Zeatin. Shoot regeneration values were obtained as 100% in all culture media. Regeneration area values of R. fluitans were determined between 12.63 ± 1.79 - 22.34 ± 1.82 cm2. The maximum regeneration area was obtained in MS nutrient medium including 30 g/L sucrose (22.34 ± 1.82 cm2), which is 76.88% more than control. Generally, the regeneration capacity of the plant increased up to 30 g/L sucrose application. The minimum regeneration area value (12.63 ± 1.79 cm2 was determined in the control group and then recorded in cultures containing 5 mg/L sucrose (14.44 ± 0.92 cm2). Plants produced in in vitro conditions were accustomed to external conditions successfully. These results can help the production of R. fluitans with tissue culture techniques.

Keywords

• Carbon source
• in vitro propagation
• tissue culture
• shoot regeneration
• sucrose

References

1. Lubbe, A., Verpoorte, R., “Cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants for specialty industrial materials”, Industrial Crops and Products 34(1) (2011) : 785-801.
2. Inoue, M., Hayashi, S., Craker, L.E., “Role of medicinal and aromatic plants: Past, present, and future”, In Pharmacognosy-Medicinal Plants, IntechOpen (2019).
3. Sevindik, M., Akgul, H., Pehlivan, M., Selamoglu, Z., “Determination of therapeutic potential of Mentha longifolia ssp. longifolia”, Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 26 (2017) : 4757-4763.
4. Muñoz-Acevedo, A., Torres, E.A., Gutiérrez, R.G., Cotes, S.B., Cervantes-Díaz, M., Tafurt-García, G., “Some Latin American plants promising for the cosmetic, perfume and flavor industries”. Therapeutic Medicinal Plants: From Lab to the Market; Duarte, M.C.T., Rai, M., Eds, (2015) : 279-330.
5. Pierre, S., Alex, N.N., Jean, M., “Medicinal plants used in traditional treatment of malaria in Cameroon”, Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environment 3(3) (2011) : 104-117.
6. De Oliveira Martins, D.T., Rodrigues, E., Casu, L., Benítez, G., Leonti, M., “The historical development of pharmacopoeias and the inclusion of exotic herbal drugs with a focus on Europe and Brazil”, Journal of ethnopharmacology 240 (2019) : 111891.
7. Anwar, F., Abbas, A., Mehmood, T., Gilani, A.H., Rehman, N.U., “Mentha: A genus rich in vital nutra‐pharmaceuticals-A review”, Phytotherapy Research 33(10) (2019) : 2548-2570.
8. Nemethy, S., Takacs, T., Szemethy, L., Lagerqvist, B., Barocsi, Z., Dinya, A., Peterffy, I., “Collection, cultivation and processing of medical plants, herbs and spices in the Balaton Ecomuseum–herbal medicine as intangible cultural heritage”, Ecocycles 6(1) (2020) : 52-87.

9. Bayram, E., Kırıcı, S., Tansi, S., Yılmaz, G., Kızıl, O.A.S., Telci, İ., “Tibbi ve aromatik bitkiler üretiminin arttırılması olanakları”, TMMOB Ziraat Mühendisleri Odasi, Ziraat Mühendisligi VII. Teknik Kongresi (2010) : 11-15.
10. Kwon, W., Min, J., Xi, H., Park, J., “The complete chloroplast genome of Riccia fluitans L. (Ricciaceae, Marchantiophyta)”, Mitochondrial DNA Part B 4(1) (2019) : 1895-1896.
11. Türkoğlu, S., Parlak, A.E., “Determination of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents and antioxidant capacities of an aquatic plant (Riccia fluitans)”, Su Ürünleri Dergisi 31(1) (2014) : 35-40.
12. Tosun, A., Süntar, İ., Keleş, H., Kiremit, H.Ö., Asakawa, Y., Akkol, E.K., “Wound healing potential of selected Liverworts”, Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 13(3) (2016) : 285-291.
13. Asakawa, Y., “Chemosystematics of the Hepaticae”, Phytochemistry 65(6) (2004) : 623-669.
14. Shahzad, A., Sharma, S., Parveen, S., Saeed, T., Shaheen, A., Akhtar, R., Yadav, V., Upadhyay, A., Ahmad, Z. “Historical perspective and basic principles of plant tissue culture. In Plant biotechnology: Principles and applications”, Springer, Singapore, (2017) : 1-36.
15. Murashige. T., Skoog, F., “A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures”, Physiologia Plantarum 15 (1962) : 473-497.
16. Dogan, M., Emsen, B., “Anti-cytotoxic-genotoxic influences of in vitro propagated Bacopa monnieri L. Pennell in cultured human lymphocytes”, Eurasian Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 1(2) (2018) : 48-53.
17. Galán-Ávila, A., García-Fortea, E., Prohens, J., Herraiz, F.J., “Development of a direct in vitro plant regeneration protocol from Cannabis sativa L. seedling explants: Developmental morphology of shoot regeneration and ploidy level of regenerated plants”, Frontiers in Plant Science 11 (2020) : 645.
18. Zhang, Y., Bozorov, T.A., Li, D.X., Zhou, P., Wen, X.J., Ding, Y., Zhang, D.Y., “An efficient in vitro regeneration system from different wild apple (Malus sieversii) explants”, Plant Methods 16 (2020) : 1-10.
19. Vinterhalter, D.V., Vinterhalter, B.S., “Hormone-like effects of sucrose in plant in vitro cultures”, Phyton 39(3) (1999) : 57-60.
20. Gabryszewska, E.A., “Effect of different sucrose and nitrogen salt levels in the medium and temperature on in vitro propagation of Helleborus niger L.”, Acta Agrobotanica 68(2) (2015) : 161-171.
21. Dogan, M., “In vitro shoot regeneration performance of Pogostemon erectus (Dalzell) Kuntze in culture medium containing different sucrose concentrations”, International Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research, 2(1) (2019) : 1-12.
22. Toaima, N., Bosila, H., El-Ateeq, A.A.E.F., “In vitro growth regulators, gelling agents and sucrose levels affect micropropagation of Gypsophila paniculata L.”, Middle East Journal 5(3) (2016) : 313-323.
23. Srivastava, P., Tiwari, K.N., Srivastava, G., “Effect of different carbon sources on in vitro regeneration of Brahmi Bacopa monnieri (L.) An important memory vitalizer”, Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5(3) (2017) : 202-208.
24. Naik, P.M., Manohar, S.H., Praveen, N., Murthy, H.N., “Effects of sucrose and pH levels on in vitro shoot regeneration from leaf explants of Bacopa monnieri and accumulation of bacoside A in regenerated shoots”, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) 100(2) (2010) : 235-239.
25. Nhut, D.T., Van Le, B., Fukai, S., Tanaka, M., Van, K.T.T., “Effects of activated charcoal, explant size, explant position and sucrose concentration on plant and shoot regeneration of Lilium longiflorum via young stem culture”, Plant Growth Regulation 33(1) (2001) : 59-65.
26. Ayub, R.A., Santos, J.N.D., Zanlorensi Junior, L.A., Silva, D.M.D., Carvalho, T.C.D., Grimaldi, F., “Sucrose concentration and volume of liquid medium on the in vitro growth and development of blackberry cv. Tupy in temporary immersion systems”, Ciência e Agrotecnologia (2019) : 43.
27. Jeong, B.R., Sivanesan, I., “Impact of light quality and sucrose on adventitious shoot regeneration and bioactive compound accumulation in Ajuga multiflora Bunge”, Scientia Horticulturae 236 (2018) : 222-228.
28. Rasheed, K.A., Yaseen, S.A., “In vitro shoot multiplication of Asparagus densiflorus as affected by media, sucrose and ph”, International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences and Technology 17 (2013) : 28-35.