Profesyonel futbolcularda alt ekstremite kas kuvveti asimetrisi, denge ve ayak bileği yaralanma riski arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

Year 2021, , 178 - 186, 10.09.2021

Rıdvan Seyhan Eren Timurtas , Mine Polat

https://doi.org/10.15437/jetr.820854

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada profesyonel futbolcularda alt ekstremite kas kuvvet asimetrisi, dinamik denge ve ayak bileği yaralanma
riski arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlandı.

Yöntem: Çalışmaya 20 profesyonel erkek futbolcu dahil edildi. Bilateral dinamik dengeyi değerlendirmek için Y denge testi
kullanıldı. Alt ekstremiteye ait bilateral kalça fleksör, kalça ekstansör, kalça abduktör, kalça adduktör, diz fleksör, diz ekstansör,
ayak bileği dorsifleksör, ayak bileği plantar fleksör, ayak bileği evertör ve ayak bileği invertör kas gruplarının maksimal izometrik
kontraksiyonu değerlendirmek için Groinbar sistemi kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen oyuncuların yaş ortalaması 27,80±5,80 yıl ve vücut kütle indeksi ortalaması 24,04 ± 1,55
kg/m² olarak bulundu. Her iki ayak bileği dorsifleksör ve plantarfleksör kas grupları arasındaki oran ile denge testinde anteriorposterior
bilateral fark arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı sonuç elde edildi (Sol: p=0,012, rho=-0,552, Sağ: p=0, rho=-
0,727). Anterior-posterior denge farkının yaralanma riski açısından değerlendirildiğinde; kalça abduktör ve adduktör kas
grupları arasındaki oran ile ayak bileği yaralanma riski açısından anlamlı korelasyon bulundu (Sol: p=0,026, rho=-0,498, Sağ:
p=0,006, rho=-0,595).

Sonuç: Profesyonel futbolcularda alt ekstremiteye ait plantarfleksör/dorsifleksör ve adduktör/abduktör kas gruplarının
izometrik kuvvet oranının ve bilateral plantar fleksör kuvvet asimetrisinin dinamik denge ve ayak bileği yaralanma riskiyle ilişkili
olduğu bulundu.

Keywords

Futbol, Postüral denge, Kas kuvveti.

Relationships between lower extremity muscle strength asymmetry, balance and ankle injury risk in professional football players

Abstract

Purpose: In this study, it was aimed to determine the relationships between lower extremity muscle strength asymmetry,
dynamic balance and ankle injury risk in professional football players.

Method: The participants of the study comprised twenty professional male soccer players. Y Balance Test was used to evaluate
bilateral dynamic balance. Groinbar system was used to evaluate maximal isometric contraction of bilateral hip flexor, hip
extensor, hip abductor, hip adductor, knee flexor, knee extensor, ankle dorsiflexor, ankle plantar flexor, ankle evertor and ankle
muscle groups.

Results: The mean age of the players included in the study was 27,80±5,80 years and the mean body mass index was
24,04±1,55 kg/m². It was found that there was statistically meaningful result between ratio of bilateral dorsiflexors/plantar
flexors muscle groups and anterior-posterior bilateral difference in balance test (Left: p=0,012, rho=-0,552, Right: p=0, rho=-
0,727). It was found that there was meaningful correlation between bilateral force asymmetry of plantar flexors and anteriorposterior
bilateral difference. (p=0,038, rho=0,466). In addition, when the anterior-posterior balance difference is evaluated
in terms of injury risk; a meaningful correlation was found between the ratio of hip abductor and adductor muscle groups, and
the risk of ankle injury. (Left: p=0,026, rho=-0,498, Right: p=0,006, rho=-0,595).

Conclusion: It was found that bilateral plantar
flexor strength asymmetry and the isometric strength ratio of plantar flexor / dorsiflexor and adductor/abductor muscle groups
of the lower extremity in professional football players had relationships with dynamic balance and ankle injury risk.

Keywords

Football, Postural balance, Muscle strength.

References

• 1. Kuss Rouissi M, Chtara M, Owen A, et al. Effect of leg dominance on change of direction ability amongst young elite soccer players. J Sports Sci. 2016;34:542-8.
• 2. Lockie RG, Schultz AB, Callaghan SJ, et al. The relationship between dynamic stability and multidirectional speed. J. Strength Cond. Res. 2016;30:3033-43.
• 3. Evangelos B, Georgios K, Konstantinos A, et al. Proprioception and Balance Training Can Improve Amateur Soccer Players Technical Skills. J. Phys. Educ. Sport. 2012;12:81-89.
• 4. Rahnama N, Lees A, Bambaecichi E. A comparison of muscle strength and flexibility between the dominant and non-dominant leg in English soccer players. Ergonomics, 2005; 48(11-14): 1568-1575.
• 5. Fousekis K, Τsepis E, Vagenas G. Lower limb strength in professional soccer players: profile, asymmetry, and training age. Sports Sci Med. 2010;9:364-373.
• 6. Behm DG, Drinkwater EJ, Willardson JM, et al. Canadian society for exercise physiology position stand: The use of instability to train the core in athletic and nonathletic conditioning. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2010;35:109-12.
• 7. Agel J, Evans TA, Dick R, et al. Descriptive epidemiology of collegiate men’s soccer injuries: National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System. 1988–1989 through 2002–2003. J Athl Train. 2007;42:270–277.
• 8. Yilmaz AK, Kabadayi M, Mayda MH, et al. The effects of isokinetic knee strength on the promptness of soccer players. J. Phys. Educ. Sport. 2017;3:114-123.
• 9. Rosch D, Hodgson R, Peterson TL, et al. Assessment and evaluation of football performance. Am. J. Sports Med. 2000;1:28-34.
• 10. Krespi M, Sporis G, Popovic S. Exponential versus linear tapering in junior elite soccer players: effects on physical match performance according to playing positions. Monten. J. Sports Sci. 2019;8:8-13.
• 11. Soderman K, Alfredson H, Pietila T, et al. Risk factors for leg injuries in female soccer players: a prospective investigation during one out-door season. Knee Surg. Sports Traumatol. Arthrosc. 2001;9:313-21.
• 12. Vargas VZ, Motta C, Peres B, et al. Knee isokinetic muscle strength and balance ratio in female soccer players of different age groups: a cross-sectional study. Phys Sportsmed. 2019;10:1080.
• 13. Erkmen N, Taskin H, Sanioglu A, et al. Relationships between balance and functional performance in football players. J Hum Kinet. 2010;26:21-9.
• 14. Van Dyk N, Bahr R, Whiteley R, et al. Hamstring and quadriceps isokinetic strength deficits are weak risk factors for hamstring strain injuries: A 4-year cohort study. Am J Sports Med. 2016;44:1789-1795.
• 15. Muehlbauer T, Gollhofer A, Granacher U. Association of balance, strength, and power measures in young adults. J Strength Cond Res. 2013;27:582-9.
• 16. Moktar T, Mehdi R, Nicola LB, et al. Dynamic balance ability in young elite soccer players: implication of isometric strength. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2018;58:414-20.
• 17. Cameron JP, Teralyn KD, Emily HG. Systematic review the reliability of the star excursion balance test and lower quarter Y balance test in healthy adults: A Systematic Review. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2019;14:683.
• 18. Shaffer SW, Teyhen DS, Lorenson CL, et al. Y-balance test: a reliability study involving multiple raters. Mil Med. 2013;178:1264-70.
• 19. Butler RJ, Lehr ME, Fink ML, et al. Dynamic balance performance and noncontact lower extremity injury in college football players: an initial study. Sports Health. 2013;5:417–22.
• 20. Plisky PJ, Rauh MJ, Kaminski TW, et al. Star excursion balance test as a predictor of lower extremity injury in high school basketball players. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006;36:911–9.
• 21. Gauthier D, Sylvain G, Mickael B. Test-retest reliability of a hip strength assessment system in varsity soccer players. Phys Ther Sport. 2019;37:138-143.
• 22. Goran M, Nejc S, Jelena P, et al. Adductor muscles strength and strength asymmetry as risk factors for groin injuries among professional soccer players: A prospective study. Int. J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17:4.
• 23. Impellizzeri FM, Rampinini E, Maffiuletti N, et al. A vertical jump force test for assessing bilateral strength asymmetry in athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007;39:2044–2050.
• 24. Schober P, Boer C, Schwarte LA. Correlation coefficients: Appropriate use and interpretation. Anesth. Analg. 2018;126:1763-1768.
• 25. Stiffler MR, Bell DR, Sanfilippo JL, et al. Star excursion balance test anterior asymmetry is associated with injury status in division I collegiate athletes. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2017;47:339–346.
• 26. Stiffler MR, Sanfilippo JL, Brooks MA, et al. Star Excursion Balance Test performance varies by sport in healthy division I collegiate athletes. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015;45:772–780.
• 27. Cug M, Wikstrom EA, Golshaei B, et al. The effects of sex, limb dominance, and soccer participation on knee proprioception and dynamic postural control. J. Sport Rehabil. 2016;25:31–39.
• 28. Johnson TK, Woollacott MH. Neuromuscular responses to platform perturbations in powerversus endurance-trained athletes. Percept Mot Skills. 2011;112:3-20.
• 29. Smith CA, Chimera NJ, Warren M. Association of y balance test reach asymmetry and injury in division I athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2015;47:136-141.
• 30. Horak FB, Nashner LM. Central programming of postural movements: adaptation to altered support-surface configurations. J Neurophysiol. 1986;55:1369-81.
• 31. Winter DA. Human balance and posture control during standing and walking. Gait Posture. 1995;3:193-214.
• 32. Neptune RR, Wright IC, Van Den Bogert AJ. Muscle coordination and function during cutting movements. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999;31:294-302.
• 33. Havens KL, Sigward SM. Joint and segmental mechanics differ between cutting maneuvers in skilled athletes. Gait Posture 2015;41:33-8.
• 34. Suzuki Y, Ae M, Takenaka S, et al. Comparison of support leg kinetics between side-step and cross-step cutting techniques. Sports Biomech. 2014;13:144-53.
• 35. Palmer TB, Hawkey MJ, Thiele RM, et al. The influence of athletic status on maximal and rapid isometric torque characteristics and postural balance performance in division I female soccer athletes and non-athlete controls. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2015;35:314-22.
• 36. Inoue Y, Otania Y, Naruse S, et al. Relationships between lower-extremity muscle strength and the modified star excursion balance test in adolescent female soccer players. Rigakuryoho Kagaku. 2015;30:155.
• 37. Fousekis K, Tsepis E, Vagenas G. Multivariate isokinetic strength asymmetries of the knee and ankle in professional soccer players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2010;50:465–474.
• 38. Nohutlu ÖE. Profesyonel futbolcularda diz yaralanmalarını oluşturan risk faktörlerinin analizi. [Master Thesis]. Ankara: Hacettepe University: 2009.
• 39. Sabine D, Martin A. The influence of sensorimotor training modalities on balance, strength, joint function, and plantar foot sensitivity in recreational athletes with a history of ankle sprain: A randomized controlled pilot study. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2018;13:993–1007.