Genç yetişkinlerde karada ve su içinde yapılan plyometrik egzersizlerin kas kuvveti ve propriosepsiyon üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 10 - 17, 07.05.2021

Buket Büyükturan Caner Karartı Senem Şaş Öznur Büyükturan

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, genç yetişkinlerde karada ve su içinde yapılan plyometrik egzersizlerin kas kuvvetine ve proprioseptif duyuya etkisini incelemektir.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya yaşları 18-25 yıl olan toplamda 30 genç yetişkin dahil edildi. Çalışmaya katılan birey sayısı her gruba eşit olacak şekilde, iki gruba ayrıldı. Bireylere, haftada 3 gün 8 hafta olmak üzere kara veya su içi plyometrik egzersizler uygulandı. Bireylerin değerlendirmeleri kara veya su içi plyometrik egzersizlerin uygulamasından önce ve sonra yapıldı. Çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden bireylerin demografik bilgileri kaydedildi. Ayrıca kas kuvveti, proprioseptif duyu ve dikey sıçrama yüksekliği değerlendirildi. Her iki grubun sonuçları karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Her iki grupta da egzersiz sonrası elde edilen sonuçlar egzersiz öncesi verilerle karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değişimler tespit edildi (p<0,05). Grupların sonuç ölçümlerinin etki genişlikleri incelendiğinde su içi plyometrik egzersiz grubunun proprioseptif ölçüm ve dikey sıçrama testinde kara plyometrik egzersiz grubuna göre daha etkili olduğu belirlendi (p<0,05). Ayrıca kara plyometrik egzersiz grubunun ise fleksiyon ve ekstansiyon zirve tork değerlerinde su içi plyometrik egzersiz grubuna göre daha iyi sonuçlara sahip olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonucu, proprioseptif duyu ve dikey sıçrama testinde su içi plyometrik egzersizlerin kara plyometrik egzersizlerine göre daha etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, kara plyometrik egzersizlerin ise ekstansiyon ve fleksiyon kas kuvvetinde su içi plyometrik egzersizlerine göre daha üstün olduğunu belirlenmiştir. Herhangi bir rehabilitasyon programını başlatırken ve geliştirirken amacına uygun olarak su içi veya kara plyometrik egzersizleri alternatif olarak seçilebilir.

Keywords

Kas Kuvveti, Plyometrik Egzersiz, Propriosepsiyon

Supporting Institution

-

Project Number

-

Thanks

-

Investigation of the effect of plyometric exercises on land and in water on muscle strength and proprioception in young adults

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of plyometric exercises on land and in water on muscle strength and proprioceptive sensation in young adults.
Methods: A total of 30 young adults aged 18-25 years were included in the study. The number of individuals participating in the study was divided into two groups equal to each group. Individuals were applied plyometric exercises on land or in water 3 days a week for 8 weeks. The evaluations of individuals were made before and after the application on land and in water plyometric exercises. Demographic data of individuals who agreed to participate in study were recorded. Muscle strength, proprioceptive sensation and vertical jump were also evaluated. The results of both groups were compared.
Results: Statistically significant changes were detected in both groups, when the changes obtained after exercise were compared with the pre-exercise data in both groups (p<0.05). When the effect size of the results measurements of the groups were examined, the plyometric exercise in water group was more effective in proprioceptive measurement and vertical jump test than the plyometric exercise on land group (p<0.05). In addition, the plyometric exercise on land group had better results in flexion and extension peak torque values compared to the plyometric exercise in water group (p <0.05).
Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was determined that the plyometric exercises in water, proprioceptive sensory and vertical tests were effective than the plyometric exercises on land. In addition, the plyometric exercises on land were effective than plyometric exercises in water in terms of flexion and extension muscle strength in asymptomatic individuals. When starting and developing any rehabilitation program, plyometric exercises in water or on land can be chosen as an alternative.

Keywords

Muscle strength, Plyometric exercise, Proprioception

Project Number

-

References

• 1. Kobak MS, Rebold MJ, Desalvo R, et al. A comparison of aquatic- vs. land-based plyometrics on various performance variables. Int J Exerc Sci 2015;8:134-144.
• 2. Hewett T, Ford K, Myer G. Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes: Part 2, a meta-analysis of neuromuscular interventions aimed at injury prevention. Am J Sports Med 2006;3:490-498.
• 3. Miller MG, Herniman JJ, Ricard MD, et al. The effects of a 6-week plyometric training program on agility. J Sports Sci Med 2006;5:459-467.
• 4. Miller M, Ploeg AH, Holocomb WR, et al. The effects of high volume aquatic plyometric training on vertical jump, muscle power, and torque. Int J Aquatic Res Ed 2010;4:39-48.
• 5. Tsang KKW, DiPasquale AA. Improving the Q:H strength ratio in women using plyometric exercises. J Strength Cond Res 2011;25:2740–2745.
• 6. Colado J, Garcia-Massso X, Gonzalez L, et al. Two-leg squat jumps in water: an effective alternative to dry land jumps. Int J Sports Med 2010;2:118-122.
• 7. Miller MG, Cheatham CC, Porter AR, et al. Chest- and waist-deep aquatic plyometric training and average force, power, and vertical jump performance. Int J Aquatic Res Ed 2007;1:145-155.
• 8. Miller MG, Berry DC, Gliders R, et al. Recommendations for implementing an aquatic plyometric program. J Strength Cond Res 2001;23:28-25.
• 9. Triplett TN, Colado JC, Benavent J, et al. Concentric and impact forces of singleleg jumps in an aquatic environment versus on land. Med Sci Sport Exerc 2009;41:1790-1796.
• 10. Miller M, Ploeg AH, Holocomb WR, et al. The effects of high volume aquatic plyometric training on vertical jump, muscle power, and torque. Int J Aquatic Res Ed 2010;4:39-48.
• 11. Robinson LE, Devor ST, Merrick MA, et al. The effects of land versus aquatic plyometrics on power, torque, velocity, and muscle soreness in women. J Strength Cond Res 2004;18:84-91.
• 12. Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, et al. G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods. 2007;39:175–191.
• 13. Luebbers PE, Potteiger JA, Hulver MW, et al. Effects of plyometric training and recovery on vertical jump performance and anaerobic power. J Strength Cond Res. 2003;17:704-709.
• 14. Parcell AC, Sawyer RD, Tricoli VA, et al. Minimum rest period for strength recovery during a common isokinetic testing protocol. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002;34:1018-1022.
• 15. Rosene JM, Fogarty TD, Mahaffey BL. Isokinetic hamstrings: Quadriceps ratios in Intercollegiate Athletes. J Athl Train 2001;36:378-383.
• 16. Ghasemi GA, Zolaktaf V, Ibrahim K, et al. Evaluation of joint position sense after ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendon auto graft. Am J Sport Med 2013;1:52-55.
• 17. Yücel H. Su İçi Rehabilitasyon. İstanbul Tıp Kitabevi, 2015: 90,91
• 18. de Vet HC, Terwee CB, Bouter LM. Current challenges in clinimetrics. J Clin Epidemiol 2003;56:1137-1141.
• 19. Ribeiro F, Oliveira J. Effect of physical exercise and age on knee joint position sense. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2010;51:64-67.
• 20. Martel GF, Harmer ML, Logan JM, et al. Aquatic plyometric training ıncreases vertical jump in female volleyball players. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2005;37:1814-1819.
• 21. Miller MG, Berry DC, Bullard S, et al. Comparisons of land-based and aquatic-based plyometric programs during an 8-week training period. J Sport Rehabil 2002;11:268-283.
• 22. Behm DG, Sale DG. Velocity specificity of resistance training. Sports Med 1993;15:374-388.
• 23. Harrison AJ, Gaffney S. Motor development and gender effects on stretching-shortening cycle performance. J Sci Med Sport 2001;4:406-415.
• 24. Myer GD, Ford KR, Brent JL, et al. The effects of plyometric vs. dynamic stabilization and balance training on power, balance, and landing force in female athletes. J Strength Cond Res 2006;20:345-353.
• 25. Hewett TE, Stroupe, AL, Nance TA, et al. Plyometric training in female athletes. Decreased impact forces and increased hamstring torques. American J of Sport Medicine 1996;24:765-773.
• 26. Holcomb WR, Lander JE, Rutland RM, et al. A biomechanical analysis of the vertical jump and three modified plyometric depth jumps. J Strength Cond Res 1996;10:83-88.
• 27. Asadi A. Effects of in-season plyometric training on sprınt and balance performance in basketball players. Sport Sci 2013;1:24‐27.
• 28. Grigg P. Peripheral neural mechanisms in proprioception. J Sport Reh 1994;9,1-17.
• 29. Chimera NJ, Swanik KA, Swanik CB, et al. Effects of plyometric training on muscle activation strategies and performance in female athletes. J Athle Train 2004;39:24-31.
• 30. Vargas LG. Introduction to Aquatic Therapy. In: Vargas LG, editor. Aquatic Therapy Interventions and Applications.Washington, Idyll Arbor, Inc.; 2004:3-38.
• 31. Pancar Z, Biçer M, Özdal M. 12 – 14 yaş kadın hentbolculara uygulanan 8 haftalık pliometrik antrenmanların seçilmiş bazı kuvvet parametrelerine etkisi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi 2018;9:18-24.
• 32. Hewett T, Ford K, Myer G. Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes: Part 2, a meta-analysis of neuromuscular interventions aimed at injury prevention. Am J Sports Med 2006;3:490-498.