The assessment of management practices on rangelands exploitation using state and transition model in central arid regions of Iran

Abstract

The assessment of management practices on rangelands exploitation using state and transition model in central arid regions of Iran

Abstract: Rangeland management in arid and semi-arid regions requires comprehensive attention to ecological processes and consider the interrelationship of those processes. Considering discard the theory of climax and rangeland succession model in recent years especially in arid regions and shrub lands, the new theory known as the state and transition model is taken into consideration by natural sciences and environmental specialistsb in the world. In present study, state and transition model and its application in rangeland management will be discussed and wil be peresented a case study of Iran for more description. As a case study, Nir rangelands of Yazd province will be introduced. In this rangeland, both status of enclose and grazing livestock evaluated and grazing livestock has been introduced as threshold of these two conditions. Rangelands of arid regions are biologically fragile and in the case of little degradation, a long time will be needed for compensation. The definition of different situations, thresholds, transitions and indicators will help managers to follow change trend among different plant communities and establish an ideal community. But due to very slow and very small changes in arid regions rangelands, use of models in these areas is not possible.

Keywords: Model, state and transition, Nir of Yazd, threshold, arid region.

İran'ın orta kurak bölgelerinde eyalet ve geçiş modelini kullanarak mera yönetim uygulamalarının değerlendirilmesi

Özet: Kurak ve yarı kurak bölgelerde mera yönetimi ekolojik süreçlere kapsamlı bir dikkat ve bu süreçlerin birbirleriyle olan ilişkisini göz önünde tutmayı gerektirir. Özellikle kurak bölgelerde, klimaks ve mera süksesyon modelinin terkedilmeye başlanması ile beraber, devlet ve geçiş modeli olarak bilinen yeni bir teori son yıllarda doğa bilimleri ile uğraşan uzmanlar tarafından uygulanmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, devlet ve geçiş modelini konu alan mera yönetimi uygulaması ele alınacak ve daha fazla açıklama için İran'ın Yazd eyaletinde bulunan Nir meralarında yapılan bir örnek çalışma sunulacaktır. Kurak bölgelerde yer alan meralar biyolojik olarak hassas ve kırılgandırlar, dolayısıyla bozulmaları durumunda, toparlanmaları için uzun bir süre gerekli olacaktır. Meralarda oluşacak geçişler ve değişimler yardımıyla yöneticiler farklı bitki toplulukları arasında değişim trendini takip ederek ideal bir bitki toplumu kurabilmektedirler. Ancak kurak mıntıkalardaki değişimin yavaşlığı buralarda model kullanmayı oldukça sekteye uğratmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Model, devlet ve geçiş modeli, Yezd-Nir, eşik, kurak bölge.

Received (Geliş): 25.02.2016 - Revised (Düzeltme): 08.04.2016 -   Accepted (Kabul): 13.04.2016

Cite (Atıf): Arami, S.A., Heshmati, G., 2017. The assessment of management practices on rangelands exploitation using state and transition model in central arid regions of Iran. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University 67(1): 85-92. DOI: 10.17099/jffiu.37625

İran'ın orta kurak bölgelerinde eyalet ve geçiş modelini kullanarak mera yönetim uygulamalarının değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

The assessment of management practices on rangelands exploitation using state and transition model in central arid regions of Iran

Abstract: Rangeland management in arid and semi-arid regions requires comprehensive attention to ecological processes and consider the interrelationship of those processes. Considering discard the theory of climax and rangeland succession model in recent years especially in arid regions and shrub lands, the new theory known as the state and transition model is taken into consideration by natural sciences and environmental specialistsb in the world. In present study, state and transition model and its application in rangeland management will be discussed and wil be peresented a case study of Iran for more description. As a case study, Nir rangelands of Yazd province will be introduced. In this rangeland, both status of enclose and grazing livestock evaluated and grazing livestock has been introduced as threshold of these two conditions. Rangelands of arid regions are biologically fragile and in the case of little degradation, a long time will be needed for compensation. The definition of different situations, thresholds, transitions and indicators will help managers to follow change trend among different plant communities and establish an ideal community. But due to very slow and very small changes in arid regions rangelands, use of models in these areas is not possible.

Keywords: Model, state and transition, Nir of Yazd, threshold, arid region.

İran'ın orta kurak bölgelerinde eyalet ve geçiş modelini kullanarak mera yönetim uygulamalarının değerlendirilmesi

Özet: Kurak ve yarı kurak bölgelerde mera yönetimi ekolojik süreçlere kapsamlı bir dikkat ve bu süreçlerin birbirleriyle olan ilişkisini göz önünde tutmayı gerektirir. Özellikle kurak bölgelerde, klimaks ve mera süksesyon modelinin terkedilmeye başlanması ile beraber, devlet ve geçiş modeli olarak bilinen yeni bir teori son yıllarda doğa bilimleri ile uğraşan uzmanlar tarafından uygulanmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, devlet ve geçiş modelini konu alan mera yönetimi uygulaması ele alınacak ve daha fazla açıklama için İran'ın Yazd eyaletinde bulunan Nir meralarında yapılan bir örnek çalışma sunulacaktır. Kurak bölgelerde yer alan meralar biyolojik olarak hassas ve kırılgandırlar, dolayısıyla bozulmaları durumunda, toparlanmaları için uzun bir süre gerekli olacaktır. Meralarda oluşacak geçişler ve değişimler yardımıyla yöneticiler farklı bitki toplulukları arasında değişim trendini takip ederek ideal bir bitki toplumu kurabilmektedirler. Ancak kurak mıntıkalardaki değişimin yavaşlığı buralarda model kullanmayı oldukça sekteye uğratmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Model, devlet ve geçiş modeli, Yezd-Nir, eşik, kurak bölge.

Received (Geliş): 25.02.2016 - Revised (Düzeltme): 08.04.2016 -   Accepted (Kabul): 13.04.2016

Cite (Atıf): Arami, S.A., Heshmati, G., 2017. The assessment of management practices on rangelands exploitation using state and transition model in central arid regions of Iran. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University 67(1): 85-92. DOI: 10.17099/jffiu.37625

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