Bolu-Aladağ göknar ormanlarında doğa yürüyüşü faaliyetlerinin bazı fiziksel toprak özelliklerine etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Bolu Aladağ göknar ormanlarında, doğa yürüyüşlerinin toprağa etkisini araştırmak için yapılmıştır. Çalışmada 100 kişi ölçüm alanından tek sıra halinde yürümüş, doğa yürüyüşünün ölü örtü kalınlığı, toprak hacim ağırlığı, toprak nemi ve toprak sıkışması gibi fiziksel özelliklere etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışma iki yıl peş peşe, iki ayrı parselde ve üçer tekerrürlü olarak yapılmıştır. Ölü örtü kalınlığı  (mm) örnekleme sırasında ölçülerek, miktarı (gr/m2) 25cm*25cm alandan toplanan örneklerin kuru ağırlığına bağlı olarak belirlenmiştir.   Toprak hacim ağırlığı (g/l) hacim silindirleri kullanılarak, toprak nemi (%) de taze ve kuru ağırlık farkından yararlanılarak belirlenmiştir. Yapılan ölçümler ve değerlendirmelerin sonucunda; doğa yürüyüşü yapılan alanda ölü örtü kalınlığının azaldığı (r=0,568), taze (r=0,440) ve kurutulmuş (r=0,423) toprak yoğunluğunda artışa neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ancak toprak nemi üzerinde etkisi görülmemiştir. Kontrol alanına göre kıyaslandığında çiğnenen alan toprağında ortalama %14 oranında sıkışma meydana geldiği bulunmuştur. Doğa yürüyüşü esnasında çiğnenen toprakta meydana fiziksel etkiler ölü örtüde ve toprakta sıkışmaya neden olmuştur. Dolayısıyla toprağın geçirgenlik kapasitesini düşürecek, devamında yabanlaşmaya ve erozyona yol açabilecektir.

Received (Geliş): 20.10.2016 - Revised (Düzeltme): 28.11.2016 -   Accepted (Kabul): 28.11.2016

Keywords

• toprak sıkışması,toprak nemi,Ekoturizm,ölü örtü,toprak hacim ağırlığı,toprak nemi

The effects of trekking activities on physical soil properties in the Bolu-Aladağ fir forests

Abstract

This work has been conducted to study the effects of trekking activities in Bolu-Aladağ Fir forests on some physical soil properties. A group of one hundred people walked in a straight line in the case study area and their effects one a number of physical soil properties such as litter fall thickness, soil bulk density, soil moisture and soil compactness, were investigated.  The study was conducted in three replicates in two parcels in two consecutive years. The thickness of surface litter falls (mm) was measured and its amount was determined in (gr/m2) as the dry weight of soil samples collected in the sample area of 25cm by 25cm during the sampling process.  The soil bulk density (g/l) was measured with the sample volume cylinders. Soil moisture (%) was determined based on the differences between the fresh and dry weights. The results indicated that the thickness of surface litter decreased in trekking routes (r=0.568), and the fresh (r=0.440) and dried (r=0.423) soil bulk density increased.  However, no effects were revealed on soil moisture. Compared to the control samples, average 14% high compaction was detected in trampled soils as a result of human pressure. Furthermore, the physical effects of the trekking activities caused compactness on litter fall and soil. As a result, such activities may or will eventually lead to the decrease in soil infiltration capacity and thus cause soil erosion and degradation in the future. 

Received (Geliş): 20.10.2016 - Revised (Düzeltme): 28.11.2016 -   Accepted (Kabul): 28.11.2016

Keywords

• soil moisture,Ecotourism,litter fall,soil bulk density,soil compactness,soil moisture

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