THE EFFECTS OF FUSARIUM TOXINS ON EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS: FUMONISIN B1 AND ZEARALENONE

Abstract

Objective: Fumonisin B1 (FB1) and zearalenone (ZEA) have been the most widely studied Fusarium mycotoxins. It is demonstrated that FB1 and ZEA affect different molecular mechanisms and cause many toxic effects. In this review, it has been aimed to summarize the effects of FB1 and ZEA on epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA (miRNA) levels, as well as their toxic effects at the molecular level. Result and Discussion: It is shown in various studies that FB1 and ZEA change DNA methylation, histone modification and miRNA levels with dose and application time dependent. Additionally, it is identified that epigenetic studies are important in the molecular mechanisms of these mycotoxins.

Keywords

• Epigenetic mechanisms
• fumonisin B1
• fusarium toxins
• zearalenone

FUSARİUM TOKSİNLERİNİN EPİGENETİK MEKANİZMALAR ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: FUMONİSİN B1 VE ZEARALENON

Abstract

Amaç: Günümüzde en çok çalışılan Fusarium mikotoksin türleri arasında fumonisin B1 (FB1) ve zearalenon (ZEA) bulunmaktadır. FB1 ve ZEA farklı moleküler mekanizmaları etkilemekte olup birçok toksik etkiye sebep olmaktadır. Bu derlemede FB1 ve ZEA’nın DNA metilasyonu, histon modifikasyonları ve mikroRNA (miRNA) seviyeleri gibi epigenetik mekanizmalar üzerine etkileri ve moleküler düzeyde gözlenen toksik etkilerinin özetlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sonuç ve Tartışma: FB1 ve ZEA’nın DNA metilasyonunu, histon modifikasyonunu ve miRNA seviyelerini uygulama süresi ve doza bağlı olarak değiştirdiği çeşitli çalışmalarda gösterilmiş olup bu mikotoksinlerin moleküler mekanizmalarında epigenetik çalışmaların önemi vurgulanmıştır.

Keywords

• Epigenetik mekanizmalar
• fumonisin B1
• fusarium toksinleri
• zearalenon

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