PHARMACOPOEIA ANALYSIS OF PIPERIS LONGI FRUCTUS SAMPLES PURCHASED FROM THE MARKET

Abstract

Objective: Piperis longi fructus is an upright and slender vine with smooth, green, and thin stems. Its fruits, which are used as drug, are fleshy and oval. It is commonly used as a spice, in pickles, foods, and beverages. The plant contains various chemical compounds, including essential oils, saponins, cyanogenic glycoside known as amygdalin, and primarily the alkaloid piperine. In traditional medicine systems, it is used for respiratory infections, muscle pain, insomnia, epilepsy, and many other conditions. Due to its broad usage and strong effects, careful attention must be given to its consumption; otherwise, it may pose risks to public health. Therefore, the analysis of this herbal drug should be conducted meticulously. This study aims to investigate the compliance of Piperis longi fructus samples purchased from the market with the standards specified in the Turkish Pharmacopoeia 2017.

Material and Method: In this study, Piperis longi fructus samples obtained from 12 different herbalists were analyzed according to the monograph in the Turkish Pharmacopoeia (2017). The analysis included morphological examination, microscopic analysis, and thin-layer chromatography. Additionally, the determination of foreign matter, loss on drying, and total ash content was carried out. Finally, quantitative determination was conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography.

Result and Discussion: As a result of the pharmacopoeial analysis conducted within the study, none of the twelve Piperis longi fructus samples fully complied with the pharmacopoeial standards.

Keywords

• Long pepper
• pharmacopoeial analysis
• Piperis longi fructus
• Turkish Pharmacopoeia

PİYASADAN TEMİN EDİLEN PİPERİS LONGİ FRUCTUS ÖRNEKLERİNİN FARMAKOPE ANALİZİ

Abstract

Amaç: Piperis longi fructus, düzgün, yeşil ve ince gövdeye sahip, dik ve ince yapılı bir sarmaşık türüdür. Drog olarak kullanılan meyveleri etli ve oval yapıdadır. Yaygın olarak baharat, turşu, yiyecek ve içeceklerde kullanılmaktadır. Bitki; uçucu yağlar, saponozitler, amigdalin olarak bilinen siyanogenetik heterozit ve başlıca piperin alkaloidi olmak üzere çeşitli kimyasal bileşikler içermektedir. Geleneksel tıp sistemlerinde solunum yolu enfeksiyonları, kas ağrısı, uykusuzluk, epilepsi ve daha birçok rahatsızlıkta kullanılmaktadır. Yaygın kullanımı ve güçlü etkileri nedeniyle tüketimine dikkat edilmelidir; aksi takdirde halk sağlığı açısından risk oluşturabilir. Bu nedenle, bu bitkisel droğun analizleri titizlikle yapılmalıdır. Bu çalışma, piyasadan temin edilen Piperis longi fructus örneklerinin Türk Farmakopesi 2017’de belirtilen standartlara uygunluğunu araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, 12 farklı aktardan temin edilen Piperis longi fructus örnekleri, Türk Farmakopesi (2017) monografına göre analiz edilmiştir. Analizler; morfolojik inceleme, mikroskobik analiz ve ince tabaka kromatografisini içermektedir. Ayrıca, yabancı madde, kurutmada kayıp ve toplam kül miktarı tayini gerçekleştirilmiştir. Son olarak, yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi yöntemiyle kantitatif analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: Çalışma kapsamında yapılan farmakope analizleri sonucunda, on iki adet Piperis longi fructus örneğinin hiçbirinin farmakope standartlarına tam olarak uygun olmadığı belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Farmakope analizi
• Piperis longi fructus
• Türk Farmakopesi
• uzun biber

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