SOURCES OF RESVERATROL AND ITS MEDICINAL SIGNIFICANCE

Abstract

Objective: Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxy-stilbene) is a polyphenolic compound found in many plant sources such as grapes, vine, peanuts, cranberries, blueberries. While previous research on resveratrol has focused on its pharmacological effects on cardiovascular systems, inflammation, and carcinogenesis/cancer development, most of the research has recently been expanded by exploring its potential effects on the aging process, diabetes, Alzheimer's, and other neurodegenerative diseases. Within the scope of this review, it is aimed to compile general information about resveratrol, its sources, and especially its biological effects (in vitro, in vivo) studied in recent years.

Result and Discussion: Resveratrol is structurally dominated by the trans- form. It is found in plants as glycosides that are more stable and resistant to oxidative degradation. Various extracts of the Polygonum cuspidatum plant, which are frequently used in the production of resveratrol, have led to the emergence of commercially important products. Resveratrol is a molecule that has mainly anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and cardioprotective effects. In pharmacokinetic studies, it has been reported that resveratrol is well absorbed, rapidly metabolized in the form of sulfate and glucuronide conjugates due to its first-pass effect, and eliminated in the urine. Besides, resveratrol has been reported to be well-tolerated and to show no apparent toxicity. Considering the bioavailability of resveratrol, which can be taken as food/nutraceutical or as a medicine, to benefit from the various effects on human health, it was concluded that tablet, capsule, and nanoparticle formulations containing well-formulated resveratrol should be prepared and used.

Keywords

• Resveratrol
• medicinal plant
• antioxidant
• cardioprotective
• neuroprotective

RESVERATROLÜN BULUNDUĞU KAYNAKLAR VE TIBBİ ÖNEMİ

Abstract

Amaç: Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4’-trihidroksi-stilben) üzüm, asma, yer fıstığı, kızılcık, yaban mersini gibi birçok bitkisel kaynakta bulunan polifenolik bir bileşiktir. Resveratrol ile ilgili daha önceki araştırmalar kardiyovasküler sistemler, inflamasyon ve karsinogenez/kanser gelişimi ile ilgili farmakolojik etkileri üzerine odaklıyken son zamanlarda araştırmaların büyük çoğunluğu yaşlanma süreci, diyabet, alzheimer ve diğer nörodejeneratif hastalıklar üzerinde potansiyel etkileri keşfedilerek genişletilmiştir. Bu derleme kapsamında resveratrol hakkında genel bilgilerin, bulunduğu kaynakların ve özellikle son yıllarda üzerinde çalışılan biyolojik etkilerinin (in vitro, in vivo) derlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: Resveratrolün yapısal olarak trans- formu baskındır. Bitkilerde daha stabil ve oksidatif bozunmaya karşı dayanıklı olan glikozitleri halinde bulunmaktadır. Resveratrol eldesinde sıklıkla kullanılan Polygonum cuspidatum bitkisinin çeşitli ekstreleri, ticari önemi olan ürünlerin ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Resveratrol başlıca antienflamatuvar, antioksidan, antikanser ve kardiyoprotektif etkilere sahip bir moleküldür. Yapılan farmakokinetik çalışmalarda resveratrolün iyi absorbe edildiği, ilk geçiş etkisi nedeniyle sülfat ve glukuronit konjugatları şeklinde hızla metabolize edildiği ve idrarla elimine edildiği bildirilmiştir. Ayrıca resveratrolün iyi tolere edildiği ve belirgin bir toksisite göstermediği rapor edilmiştir. Gıda/nutrasötik veya ilaç şeklinde alınabilen resveratrolün insan sağlığı üzerine olan çeşitli etkilerinden faydalanmak amacıyla biyoyararlanımı göz önüne alındığında iyi formüle edilmiş resveratrol taşıyan tablet, kapsül, nanopartikül formülasyonlarının hazırlanması ve kullanılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

• Resveratrol
• tıbbi bitki
• antioksidan
• kardiyoprotektif
• nöroprotektif

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