HELICOBACTER PYLORI’NİN NEDEN OLDUĞU EPİGENETİK VE GENETİK DEĞİŞİKLİKLER VE GASTRİK KARSİNOJENEZ GELİŞİMİNDE ROLLERİ

Year 2019, Volume: 43 Issue: 3, 285 - 308, 08.09.2019

Didem Oral Anıl Yirün , Pınar Erkekoğlu

https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.544386

Cited By: 2

Abstract

        Amaç: Helicobacter
pylori mide mukozasında kolonize olan bir bakteridir ve dünya genelinde en
yaygın infeksiyon hastalıklarından birisidir. Helicobacter pylori’nin gastrik
kanser ve mukoza-assosiye lenfoid doku (MALT) lenfomaya neden olduğuna dair
bulgular vardır. Bu bakterinin gastrik karsinojenez gelişimindeki etki
mekanizmaları ile ilgili pek çok çalışma yapılmış olup, hem epigenetik hem de
genetik mekanizmaların bu süreçte etkili olduğu belirtilmektedir. Bu derlemede,
Helicobacter pylori’nin neden olduğu gastrik karsinojenez sürecindeki epigenetik
ve genetik mekanizmalar değerlendirilecektir.

       
Gereç ve Yöntem: Helicobacter
pylori’nin neden olduğu epigenetik ve genetik değişiklikler ve gastrik
karsinojenez gelişimindeki rolünün tespiti için yapılan çalışmaların kapsamlı
olarak derlenebilmesi için başta PUBMED olmak üzere sağlık bilimleri alanındaki
veri tabanları kullanılmış ve özellikle de son on yılda bu konuda yayınlanan
makalelerden yararlanılmıştır.

        Sonuç ve Tartışma: Helicobacter
pylori’nin neden olduğu karsinojenezin gelişiminde kronik inflamasyonun yol
açtığı oksidatif stres, bakteriyel virülans faktörleri, konakçıya bağlı
intrinsik ve ekstrinsik faktörlerin bir bütün olarak tetiklediği epigenetik ve
genetik mekanizmalar rol oynamaktadır. Ancak, bu Helicobacter pylori’nin yol
açtığı tüm epigenetik ve genetik değişiklikler henüz tam olarak anlaşılmamış
olup, daha fazla in vivo ve in vitro mekanistik çalışmaya gereksinim
duyulmaktadır. 

Keywords

Helicobacter pylori, epigenetik mekanizmalar, DNA hasarı, gastrik karsinojenez

EPIGENETIC AND GENETIC CHANGES CAUSED BY HELICOBACTER PYLORI AND THEIR ROLES IN GASTRIC CARCINOGENESIS

Abstract

        Objective: Helicobacter
pylori is a bacteria which colonizes in the gastric mucosa and it is one of the
major infectious diseases throughout the world. There are findings pointing out
that Helicobacter pylori can cause gastric cancer and mucosa-associated
lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. There are several studies on the mechanism of
action of this bacterium and it is indicated that both epigenetic and genetic
mechanisms are effective in this process. In this review, we will evaluate
epigenetic and genetic mechanisms caused by Helicobacter pylori through gastric
carcinogenesis development.

        Material and Method: In order to review the epigenetic and
genetic mechanisms caused by Helicobacter pylori and their roles in gastric
carcinogenesis development comprehensively, the health sciences databases
including PUBMED were used and particularly the scientific papers on thse
sbject published in the last ten years were used.

        Result and Discussion: The epigenetic and genetic mechanisms caused by chronic
inflammation (like oxidative stress, bacterial virulance factors, intrinsic and
extrinsic fators) may trigger the gastric carcinogenesis development by
Helicobacter pylori as a whole. However, all of the epigenetic and genetic
alterations caused by Helicobacter pylori are not yet fully understood and more
in vivo ve in vitro mechanistic studies are needed.

Keywords

epigenetic mechanisms, DNA damage, gastric carcinogenesis, Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter pylori

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