THE ROLE OF THE PHARMACIST IN HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT: A MODEL APPLICATION IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

Aysel Pehlivanlı; Büşra Akyol; Özlem Demirel; Ömer Göçün; Arzu Onay Beşikçi; Arif Tanju Özçelikay; Gülbin Özçelikay

doi:10.33483/jfpau.809585

Research Article

HİPERTANSIYON TEDAVİ YÖNETİMİNDE ECZACININ ROLÜ: AİLE SAĞLIĞI MERKEZİ’NDE BİR MODEL UYGULAMASI

Year 2021, Volume: 45 Issue: 1, 1 - 11, 18.01.2021

Aysel Pehlivanlı , Büşra Akyol Özlem Demirel Ömer Göçün Arzu Onay Beşikçi , Arif Tanju Özçelikay , Gülbin Özçelikay

https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.809585

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Amaç: Farmasötik bakım uygulamalarında eczacılar önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada Aile Sağlığı Merkezi’nde bulunan diğer sağlık personellerinin yanı sıra eczacı varlığının potansiyel yararları incelenmiştir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Pre-test ve post-testten oluşan yarı-deneysel bir çalışmadır. Hastalara iki ayrı Aile Sağlığı Merkezi’nde (Karargahtepe Aile Sağlığı Merkezi ve Ayaş Aile Sağlığı Merkezi) iki eczacı tarafından öncelikle pre-test uygulanmış ve sonrasında hipertansiyon tedavi yönetimiyle ilgili eğitim verilmiştir. Üç ay sonrasında verilen eğitimin etkinliğini ölçmek amacıyla post-test uygulanmıştır.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: Toplamda 103 hastaya ulaşılmış ve danışmanlık sağlanmıştır. Genel yaş ortalaması 62.84 ± 10.44 olan hastaların %70.9’unu kadınlar oluşturmaktadır. Sonuçlar, SPSS 23.0. ile Wilcoxon t testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilen eğitimin sonucu olarak post-testte hastaların puanlarının anlamlı olacak şekilde arttığı gözlenmiştir (T0 (pre-test) = 6 (5-7), T1 (post-test) = 8 (6-9); P ˂ 0.05). Bu çalışma ile Aile Sağlığı Merkezi’nde diğer sağlık personellerinin yanında eczacının da bulunmasının hipertansiyon hasta yönetimine olumlu katkı sağladığı gösterilmiştir.

Keywords

Birinci basamak sağlık merkezi, eczacı, farmasötik bakım, hipertansiyon

References

1. Türk Eczacıları Birliği. Türkiye'de Aile Hekimliği Uygulamasına Genel Bakış: Türk Eczacıları Birliği Raporu. In: Türkiye’de Aile Hekimliği Uygulamaları ve Serbest Eczacılara Yansımaları 2009. Retrieved June 18, 2018, from http://ekutuphane.teb.org.tr/arsiv.php?anabelge_no=398.
2. Van Mil, J.W., Fernandez-Llimos, F. (2013). What is 'pharmaceutical care' in 2013? Pharm Pract (Granada), 11(1), 1–2.
3. Conference of Experts on the Rational Use of Drugs (‎1985: Nairobi)‎. (‎1987)‎. The rational use of drugs: report of the Conference of Experts, Nairobi, 25-29 November 1985. World Health Organization, Rertrieved June 18, 2018, from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/37174.
4. Toklu, H.Z., Dülger, G. (2010). Eczacılar için akılcı ilaç kullanımı eğitimi. Sentez, 6, 16-17.
5. Cazarim, MdS., Freitas, Od., Penaforte, T.R., Achcar, A., Pereira, LRL. (2016). Impact assessment of pharmaceutical care in the management of hypertension and coronary risk factors after discharge. PLoS One, 11(6), e0155204.
6. Kearney, PM., Whelton, M., Reynold, K., Muntner P, Whelton PK, He J. (2005). Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. Lancet, 365(9455), 217-223.
7. World Health Organization‎, 2003. Adherence to long-term therapies: evidence for action / [‎edited by Eduardo Sabaté]‎. Retrieved June 18, 2018, from http://www.who.int/iris/handle/10665/42682.
8. Fulton, M.M., Allen, E.R. (2005). Polypharmacy in the elderly: a literature review. J Am Acad Nurse Pract., 17(4), 123–132.
9. Finkers, F., Maring, J.G., Boersma, F., Taxis, K. (2007). A study of medication reviews to identify drug-related problems of polypharmacy patients in the Dutch nursing home setting. J Clin Pharm Ther., 32(5), 469–476.
10. Morgado, M., Rolo, S., Castelo-Branco, M. (2011). Pharmacist intervention program to enhance hypertension control: a randomised controlled trial. Int J Clin Pharm., 33(1), 132-140.
11. Omboni, S., Sala, E. (2015). The pharmacist and the management of arterial hypertension: the role of blood pressure monitoring and telemonitoring. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther., 13(2), 209-221.
12. Green, B.B., Cook, A.J., Ralston, J.D., Fishman, P.A., Catz, S.L., Carlson, J., Carrell, D., Tyll, L., Larson, E.B., Thompson, R.S. (2008). Effectiveness of home blood pressure monitoring, web communication, and pharmacist care on hypertension control: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 299(24), 2857–2867.
13. Bogden, P.E., Abbott, R.D., Williamson, P., Onopa, J.K., Koontz, L.M. (1998). Comparing standard care with a physician and pharmacist team approach for uncontrolled hypertension. J Gen Intern Med, 13(11), 740–745.
14. Carter, B.L, Rogers, M., Daly, J., Zheng, S., James, P.A. (2009). The potency of team-based care interventions for hypertension: a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med., 169(19), 1748–1755.
15. Tachjian, A., Maria, V., Jahangir, A. (2010). Use of herbal products and potential interactions in patients with cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol., 55(6), 515–525.
16. American Society of Health System Pharmacists. (1993). ASHP statement on pharmaceutical care. Am J Hosp Pharm., 50, 1720-3.
17. Molokhia, M., Majeed, A. (2017). Current and future perspectives on the management of polypharmacy. BMC Fam Pract., 18, 70.
18. Slight, S.P., Howard, R., Ghaleb, M., Barber, N., Franklin, B.D., Avery, A.J. (2013). The causes of prescribing errors in English general practices: a qualitative study. Br J Gen Pract., 63(615), e713– 20.
19. Komwong, D., Greenfield, G., Zaman, H., Majeed, A., Hayhoe, B. (2018). Clinical pharmacists in primary care: a safe solution to the workforce crisis? J R Soc Med., 111(4), 120-124.
20. Incirkus, K., Nahcivan, N.O. (2011). Kronik hastalık bakımını değerlendirme ölçeği-hasta formu’nun Türkçe versiyonunun geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi, 4(1), 102-109.
21. Adepu, R., Nagavi, B.G. (2006). General practitioners perceptions about the extended roles of the community pharmacists in the state of Karnataka: a study. Indian J Pharm Sci., 68, 36-40.
22. Kara, B., Uzun, S., Yokusoglu, M., Uzun, M. (2009). Hipertansiyon hastalarında ilaç bilgisinin kan basıncını düşürmek için uygulanan yöntemlere etkisi. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 8(3), 231-238.
23. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC 24/7: Saving Lives, Protecting People. Retrieved May 30, 2020, from https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/measure.htm.
24. Tachjian, A., Maria, V., Jahangir, A. (2010). Use of Herbal Products and Potential Interactions in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases. J Am Coll Cardiol., 55(6), 515–525.
25. O'Shaughnessy, K.M. (2006). Role of diet in hypertension management. Curr Hypertens Rep., 8(4), 292-297.
26. Bazzano, L.A, Green, T., Harrison, T.N., Reynolds, K. (2013). Dietary approaches to prevent hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep., 15(6), 694–702.
27. Challa, H.J, Uppaluri, K.R. DASH diet (Dietary approaches to stop hypertension). StatPearls. Retrieved May 30, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482514/.
28. Malet-Larrea, A., Cardenas, V.G, Benito, L.S, Benrimoj, S.I, Calvo, B., Goyenechea, E. (2016). Cost-effectiveness of professional pharmacy services in community pharmacy: a systematic review. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res., 0(ja), null.
29. Polgreen, L.A, Han, J., Carter, B.L., Ardery, G.P., Coffey, C.S., Chrischilles, E.A., James, P.A. (2015). CostEffectiveness of a Physician–Pharmacist Collaboration Intervention to Improve Blood Pressure ControlNovelty and Significance. Hypertension., 66(6), 1145–1151.
30. Santschi, V., Chiolero, A., Colosimo, A.L., Platt, R.W., Taffe, P., Burnier, M., Burnand, B., Paradis, G. (2014). Improving Blood Pressure Control Through Pharmacist Interventions: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Am Heart Assoc Cardiovasc Cerebrovasc Dis., 3(2), e000718.
31. Machado, M., Bajcar, J., Guzzo, G.C., Einarson, T.R. (2007). Sensivity of patient outcomes to pharmacist interventions. Part II: Systematic review and meta-analysis in hypertension management. Ann Pharmacother, 41, 1770-81.

THE ROLE OF THE PHARMACIST IN HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT: A MODEL APPLICATION IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

Year 2021, Volume: 45 Issue: 1, 1 - 11, 18.01.2021

Aysel Pehlivanlı , Büşra Akyol Özlem Demirel Ömer Göçün Arzu Onay Beşikçi , Arif Tanju Özçelikay , Gülbin Özçelikay

https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.809585

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Objective: Pharmacists have important roles in pharmaceutical care practices. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the potential benefits of the presence of a pharmacist in PHCs (Primary Health Care) in addition to other health care specialists in Ankara Kecioren Karargahtepe PHC and Ankara Ayas PHC.

Material and Method: This study is a quasi-experimental type of study which includes a pre-test and a post-test. Pre-test was given to patients by two pharmacists, which was followed by a basic education on hypertension and its treatment. A post-test was done three months after the pre-test in order to assess the efficiency of the education.

Result and Discussion: In total, 103 patients (70.9% female; mean age: 62.84 ± 10.44 years) were analysed before and after receiving counselling from two pharmacists. The results of pre- and post-tests were analyzed by Wilcoxon t-test using SPSS 23.0. As a result of the statistical analysis, the education provided by the pharmacists enhanced the mean patient scores significantly (T0 (pre-test) = 6 (5-7), T1 (post-test) = 8 (6-9); P ˂ 0.05). This study revealed the active role and the requirement of the presence of a pharmacist in addition to other health care providers in PHCs.

Keywords

Hypertension, pharmaceutical care, pharmacist, primary health care

References

1. Türk Eczacıları Birliği. Türkiye'de Aile Hekimliği Uygulamasına Genel Bakış: Türk Eczacıları Birliği Raporu. In: Türkiye’de Aile Hekimliği Uygulamaları ve Serbest Eczacılara Yansımaları 2009. Retrieved June 18, 2018, from http://ekutuphane.teb.org.tr/arsiv.php?anabelge_no=398.
2. Van Mil, J.W., Fernandez-Llimos, F. (2013). What is 'pharmaceutical care' in 2013? Pharm Pract (Granada), 11(1), 1–2.
3. Conference of Experts on the Rational Use of Drugs (‎1985: Nairobi)‎. (‎1987)‎. The rational use of drugs: report of the Conference of Experts, Nairobi, 25-29 November 1985. World Health Organization, Rertrieved June 18, 2018, from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/37174.
4. Toklu, H.Z., Dülger, G. (2010). Eczacılar için akılcı ilaç kullanımı eğitimi. Sentez, 6, 16-17.
5. Cazarim, MdS., Freitas, Od., Penaforte, T.R., Achcar, A., Pereira, LRL. (2016). Impact assessment of pharmaceutical care in the management of hypertension and coronary risk factors after discharge. PLoS One, 11(6), e0155204.
6. Kearney, PM., Whelton, M., Reynold, K., Muntner P, Whelton PK, He J. (2005). Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. Lancet, 365(9455), 217-223.
7. World Health Organization‎, 2003. Adherence to long-term therapies: evidence for action / [‎edited by Eduardo Sabaté]‎. Retrieved June 18, 2018, from http://www.who.int/iris/handle/10665/42682.
8. Fulton, M.M., Allen, E.R. (2005). Polypharmacy in the elderly: a literature review. J Am Acad Nurse Pract., 17(4), 123–132.
9. Finkers, F., Maring, J.G., Boersma, F., Taxis, K. (2007). A study of medication reviews to identify drug-related problems of polypharmacy patients in the Dutch nursing home setting. J Clin Pharm Ther., 32(5), 469–476.
10. Morgado, M., Rolo, S., Castelo-Branco, M. (2011). Pharmacist intervention program to enhance hypertension control: a randomised controlled trial. Int J Clin Pharm., 33(1), 132-140.
11. Omboni, S., Sala, E. (2015). The pharmacist and the management of arterial hypertension: the role of blood pressure monitoring and telemonitoring. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther., 13(2), 209-221.
12. Green, B.B., Cook, A.J., Ralston, J.D., Fishman, P.A., Catz, S.L., Carlson, J., Carrell, D., Tyll, L., Larson, E.B., Thompson, R.S. (2008). Effectiveness of home blood pressure monitoring, web communication, and pharmacist care on hypertension control: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 299(24), 2857–2867.
13. Bogden, P.E., Abbott, R.D., Williamson, P., Onopa, J.K., Koontz, L.M. (1998). Comparing standard care with a physician and pharmacist team approach for uncontrolled hypertension. J Gen Intern Med, 13(11), 740–745.
14. Carter, B.L, Rogers, M., Daly, J., Zheng, S., James, P.A. (2009). The potency of team-based care interventions for hypertension: a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med., 169(19), 1748–1755.
15. Tachjian, A., Maria, V., Jahangir, A. (2010). Use of herbal products and potential interactions in patients with cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol., 55(6), 515–525.
16. American Society of Health System Pharmacists. (1993). ASHP statement on pharmaceutical care. Am J Hosp Pharm., 50, 1720-3.
17. Molokhia, M., Majeed, A. (2017). Current and future perspectives on the management of polypharmacy. BMC Fam Pract., 18, 70.
18. Slight, S.P., Howard, R., Ghaleb, M., Barber, N., Franklin, B.D., Avery, A.J. (2013). The causes of prescribing errors in English general practices: a qualitative study. Br J Gen Pract., 63(615), e713– 20.
19. Komwong, D., Greenfield, G., Zaman, H., Majeed, A., Hayhoe, B. (2018). Clinical pharmacists in primary care: a safe solution to the workforce crisis? J R Soc Med., 111(4), 120-124.
20. Incirkus, K., Nahcivan, N.O. (2011). Kronik hastalık bakımını değerlendirme ölçeği-hasta formu’nun Türkçe versiyonunun geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi, 4(1), 102-109.
21. Adepu, R., Nagavi, B.G. (2006). General practitioners perceptions about the extended roles of the community pharmacists in the state of Karnataka: a study. Indian J Pharm Sci., 68, 36-40.
22. Kara, B., Uzun, S., Yokusoglu, M., Uzun, M. (2009). Hipertansiyon hastalarında ilaç bilgisinin kan basıncını düşürmek için uygulanan yöntemlere etkisi. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 8(3), 231-238.
23. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC 24/7: Saving Lives, Protecting People. Retrieved May 30, 2020, from https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/measure.htm.
24. Tachjian, A., Maria, V., Jahangir, A. (2010). Use of Herbal Products and Potential Interactions in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases. J Am Coll Cardiol., 55(6), 515–525.
25. O'Shaughnessy, K.M. (2006). Role of diet in hypertension management. Curr Hypertens Rep., 8(4), 292-297.
26. Bazzano, L.A, Green, T., Harrison, T.N., Reynolds, K. (2013). Dietary approaches to prevent hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep., 15(6), 694–702.
27. Challa, H.J, Uppaluri, K.R. DASH diet (Dietary approaches to stop hypertension). StatPearls. Retrieved May 30, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482514/.
28. Malet-Larrea, A., Cardenas, V.G, Benito, L.S, Benrimoj, S.I, Calvo, B., Goyenechea, E. (2016). Cost-effectiveness of professional pharmacy services in community pharmacy: a systematic review. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res., 0(ja), null.
29. Polgreen, L.A, Han, J., Carter, B.L., Ardery, G.P., Coffey, C.S., Chrischilles, E.A., James, P.A. (2015). CostEffectiveness of a Physician–Pharmacist Collaboration Intervention to Improve Blood Pressure ControlNovelty and Significance. Hypertension., 66(6), 1145–1151.
30. Santschi, V., Chiolero, A., Colosimo, A.L., Platt, R.W., Taffe, P., Burnier, M., Burnand, B., Paradis, G. (2014). Improving Blood Pressure Control Through Pharmacist Interventions: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Am Heart Assoc Cardiovasc Cerebrovasc Dis., 3(2), e000718.
31. Machado, M., Bajcar, J., Guzzo, G.C., Einarson, T.R. (2007). Sensivity of patient outcomes to pharmacist interventions. Part II: Systematic review and meta-analysis in hypertension management. Ann Pharmacother, 41, 1770-81.

There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Journal Section	Research Article
Authors	Aysel Pehlivanlı 0000-0003-3276-0162 Büşra Akyol This is me 0000-0002-9687-4559 Özlem Demirel This is me 0000-0002-8189-4733 Ömer Göçün This is me 0000-0002-0846-4091 Arzu Onay Beşikçi 0000-0001-6883-1757 Arif Tanju Özçelikay 0000-0001-9142-9061 Gülbin Özçelikay 0000-0002-1580-5050
Publication Date	January 18, 2021
Submission Date	October 13, 2020
Acceptance Date	November 17, 2020
Published in Issue	Year 2021 Volume: 45 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Pehlivanlı, A., Akyol, B., Demirel, Ö., Göçün, Ö., et al. (2021). THE ROLE OF THE PHARMACIST IN HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT: A MODEL APPLICATION IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University, 45(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.809585
AMA	Pehlivanlı A, Akyol B, Demirel Ö, Göçün Ö, Onay Beşikçi A, Özçelikay AT, Özçelikay G. THE ROLE OF THE PHARMACIST IN HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT: A MODEL APPLICATION IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE. J. Fac. Pharm. Ankara. January 2021;45(1):1-11. doi:10.33483/jfpau.809585
Chicago	Pehlivanlı, Aysel, Büşra Akyol, Özlem Demirel, Ömer Göçün, Arzu Onay Beşikçi, Arif Tanju Özçelikay, and Gülbin Özçelikay. “THE ROLE OF THE PHARMACIST IN HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT: A MODEL APPLICATION IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 45, no. 1 (January 2021): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.809585.
EndNote	Pehlivanlı A, Akyol B, Demirel Ö, Göçün Ö, Onay Beşikçi A, Özçelikay AT, Özçelikay G (January 1, 2021) THE ROLE OF THE PHARMACIST IN HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT: A MODEL APPLICATION IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 45 1 1–11.
IEEE	A. Pehlivanlı, B. Akyol, Ö. Demirel, Ö. Göçün, A. Onay Beşikçi, A. T. Özçelikay, and G. Özçelikay, “THE ROLE OF THE PHARMACIST IN HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT: A MODEL APPLICATION IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE”, J. Fac. Pharm. Ankara, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 2021, doi: 10.33483/jfpau.809585.
ISNAD	Pehlivanlı, Aysel et al. “THE ROLE OF THE PHARMACIST IN HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT: A MODEL APPLICATION IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 45/1 (January 2021), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.809585.
JAMA	Pehlivanlı A, Akyol B, Demirel Ö, Göçün Ö, Onay Beşikçi A, Özçelikay AT, Özçelikay G. THE ROLE OF THE PHARMACIST IN HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT: A MODEL APPLICATION IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE. J. Fac. Pharm. Ankara. 2021;45:1–11.
MLA	Pehlivanlı, Aysel et al. “THE ROLE OF THE PHARMACIST IN HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT: A MODEL APPLICATION IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University, vol. 45, no. 1, 2021, pp. 1-11, doi:10.33483/jfpau.809585.
Vancouver	Pehlivanlı A, Akyol B, Demirel Ö, Göçün Ö, Onay Beşikçi A, Özçelikay AT, Özçelikay G. THE ROLE OF THE PHARMACIST IN HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT: A MODEL APPLICATION IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE. J. Fac. Pharm. Ankara. 2021;45(1):1-11.

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The Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University is an international medium, an open access, peer-reviewed journal for the publication of original research reports, reviews and short communications in English or Turkish on relevant developments in pharmaceutical sciences., Proceeding of scientific meetings may be published as special issues of supplements to the journal. Additionally, it contains previous and forthcoming national and international scientific meetings with social activities in pharmaceutical areas.