THE EFFECT OF MATURITY ON PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENT, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, AND NUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF MUNTINGIA CALABURA FRUITS CULTIVATED IN INDONESIA

Year 2024, Volume: 48 Issue: 3, 903 - 911, 10.09.2024

Hendrawan Hasanuddin Murni , Nur Khairi , Alfat Fadri , Wahyuddin Wahyuddin , Andi Nur Aisyah , Amriani Sapra , Maulita Indrısarı , Lukman Muslimin

https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1452000

Abstract

Objective: Cultivation location and maturity levels could affect Muntingia calabura's bioactive compounds and biological activities. The present investigation evaluated two different maturity stages (young and ripened) of Indonesian M. calabura on their phytochemical constituents (total phenolic [TP] and total flavonoid [TF]), antioxidant activity, and nutrition composition.
Material and Method: The TP and TF were measured using the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and ammonium chloride (AlCl3). Antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS). Nutrition composition: total soluble solids (TSS) were determined by the gravimetric method; soluble sugars used anthrone-sulfuric acid colorimetric assays; and vitamin C established 2,6-dichloroindophenol (DCIP) titration.
Result and Discussion: The ripened fruit presented the most potent antioxidant activity. DPPH and ABTS IC50 values were 28.38 ± 0.84 µg/ml and 29.92 ± 3.05 µg/ml, respectively. In contrast, the young fruit exhibited the highest TP (56.85 ± 1.08 mg/g GAE) and TF (8.45 ± 0.65 mg QE). Our findings additionally suggested that ripened fruit was a good source of nutrients, such as soluble sugar (SS; 12.34 ± 0.76%) and vitamin C (21.88 ± 2.73 mg/g).

Keywords

Antioxidant, bioactive compound, fruit, maturation, proximate

Ethical Statement

The authors declare that ethics committee approval is not required for this study.

Supporting Institution

None

Thanks

The authors wish to give thanks to Almarisah Madani University, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, given a research laboratory to carry out this work.

MATURİTENİN, ENDONEZYA'DA YETİŞTİRİLEN MUNTINGIA CALABURA MEYVELERİNİN FİTOKİMYASAL BİLEŞENLERİ, ANTİOKSİDAN AKTİVİTESİ VE BESİN KOMPOZİSYONU ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ

Abstract

Amaç: Yetiştirme yeri ve olgunluk seviyeleri, Muntingia calabura'nın biyoaktif bileşenlerini ve biyolojik aktivitelerini etkileyebilir. Bu çalışmada, Endonezya'da yetiştirilen M. calabura'nın iki farklı olgunluk aşaması (genç ve olgun) fitokimyasal bileşenleri (toplam fenolik [TP] ve toplam flavonoid [TF]), antioksidan aktivitesi ve besin kompozisyonu açısından değerlendirildi.
Gereç ve Yöntem: TP ve TF, Folin-Ciocalteau reaktifi ve amonyum klorür (AlCl3) kullanılarak ölçüldü. Antioksidan aktivitesi, 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) ve 2,2′-azino-bis(3-etilbenzotiyazolin-6-sülfonik) asit (ABTS) kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Besin kompozisyonu: toplam çözünür katılar (TSS) gravimetrik yöntemle; çözünür şekerler, antron-sülfürik asit kolorimetrik testleri ile; ve vitamin C, 2,6-dikloroindofenol (DCIP) titrasyonu ile belirlendi.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: Olgunlaşmış meyve, en güçlü antioksidan aktiviteyi gösterdi. DPPH ve ABTS IC50 değerleri sırasıyla 28.38 ± 0.84 µg/ml ve 29.92 ± 3.05 µg/ml idi. Buna karşılık, genç meyve en yüksek TP (56.85 ± 1.08 mg/g GAE) ve TF (8.45 ± 0.65 mg QE) değerlerini gösterdi. Bulgularımız ayrıca, olgunlaşmış meyvenin çözünür şeker (SS; %12.34 ± 0.76) ve vitamin C (21.88 ± 2.73 mg/g) gibi besinlerin iyi bir kaynağı olduğunu öne sürdü.

Keywords

Antioksidan, biyoaktif bileşen, meyve, vejetasyon süresi

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