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İmmün Sistemin Gelişmesinde ve Desteklenmesinde Besin Desteklerinin Rolü

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 137 - 147, 12.10.2020

Abstract

Bağışıklık sistemi vücudumuza giren patojen, virüs, bakteri gibi mikroorganizmalara karşı vücudun savunma sistemidir. Makrofajlar, sitokinler, fagositler, B ve T lenfositleri ve doğal öldürücü hücreler vücuda giren patojene karşı vücudu savunmak için beraber çalışırlar. Beslenme ve immün sistem arasında önemli bir ilişki vardır. İnsan yetersiz ve dengesiz beslenirse vücuda enfeksiyonlar kolayca girebilir ve bağışıklık fonksiyonlarının tepkisini azaltabilir. Bu nedenle, bağışıklık sisteminin sağlıklı bir şekilde fonksiyonlarını sürdürebilmesi için gerekli olan makro ve mikro besin ögelerinin önerilen miktarlarda tüketilmesi önemlidir. Fakat makro, mikro veya diğer besin desteklerinin önerilen düzeyden fazla alınmaması gerektiği de unutulmamalıdır. Bu derlemenin amacı immün sisteme destek veren çinko, selenyum, demir, A, D ve C vitamini ile omega 3 yağ asitleri, probiyotik, beta-glukan, ginseng ve zerdeçal gibi besin desteklerinin doğal ve edinilmiş bağışıklık sistemi üzerine olan etkilerini incelemektedir.

References

  • Referans 1. Kafeshani M. Diet and immune system. Immunopathologia Persa 2015; 1(1):e04.
  • Referans 2. Labrecque N, Cermakian N. Circadian Clocks in the Immune System. Journal of Biological Rhythms 2015; 4, 277-290.
  • Referans 3. Maggini S, Pierre A, Calder PC. Immune Function and Micronutrient Requirements Change over the Life Course. Nutrients 2018; 10 (10): 1531.
  • Referans 4. Netea MG, Schlitzer A, Placek K, Joosten LAB, Schultze JL. Innate and Adaptive Immune Memory: an Evolutionary Continuum in the Host's Response to Pathogens. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 25(1):13-26.
  • Referans 5. Karim M. Yatim, Fadi G. A Brief Journey through the Immune System : Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2015;10(7): 1274–1281.
  • Referans 6. Gammoh NZ, Rink L. Zinc in Infection and Inflammation. Nutrients 2017; 9(6). pii: E624.
  • Referans 7. National Institutes of Health website. Zinc Fact Sheet for Consumers. Available at https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/ Erişim tarihi: 15.04.2020
  • Referans 8. Akdeniz Vİ, Kınık Ö, Yerlikaya O, Akan E. İnsan Sağlığı ve Beslenme Fizyolojisi Açısından Çinkonun Önemi. Akademik Gıda, 2016; 14(3) 307-314 .
  • Referans 9. Khanam S. Impact of Zinc on Immune Response. Immunol Curr Res., 2018; 2:1 .
  • Referans 10. Guo CH, Wang CL. Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Plasma Copper/Zinc Ratios, Oxidative Stress, and Immunological Status in Hemodialysis Patients. Int J Med Sci. 2013; 10(1): 79–89.
  • Referans 11. Baum MK, Lai S, Sales S, Page JB, Campa A. Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Zinc Supplementation to Prevent Immunological Failure in HIV-Positive Adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2010; 50(12): 1653–1660.
  • Referans 12. Kangalgil M, Yardımcı H. Effects of Selenium on Human Health and its Relationship With Diabetes Mellitus. Bozok Med J 2017; 7(4):66-71.
  • Referans 13. Kipp AP, Strohm DR, Schomburg BL, Bechthold A, Leschik-Bonnet E, Heseker H. German Nutrition Society (DGE). Revised reference values for selenium intake. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 2015; 32, 195–199.
  • Referans 14. Avery JC, Hoffmann PR. Selenium, Selenoproteins, and Immunity. Nutrients 2018; 10(9): 1203.
  • Referans 15. Ferrari SM, Fallahi P, Di Bari F, Vita R, Benvenga S, Antonelli A. Myo-inositol and selenium reduce the risk of developing overt hypothyroidism in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2017; 2 Suppl :36-42.
  • Referans 16. Mahmoodpoor A, Hamishehkar H, Shadvar K, Ostadi Z, Sanaie S, Saghaleini SH, et al. The Effect of Intravenous Selenium on Oxidative Stress in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Immunol Invest, 2019; 48(2):147-159.
  • Referans 17. Śliwińska A, Luty J, Wrona EA, Małgorzewicz S. Iron status and dietary iron intake in vegetarians. Adv Clin Exp Med, 2017; 27(10):1383–1389.
  • Referans 18. Maggini S, Pierre A, Calder PC. Immune Function and Micronutrient Requirements Change over the Life Course. Nutrients 2018; 10(10): 1531.
  • Referans 19. Drake VJ. Micronutrient Information Center Immunity in Depth. [Online] Linus Pauling Institute, 2015. URL: http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/health-disease/immunity. Erişim Tarihi: 13.04.2020
  • Referans 20. Ward RJ, Crichton RR, Taylor DL, Corte LD, Srai SK, Dexter DT. Iron and the immune system. Basic Neurosciences, Genetics and Immunology 2010; 118, 315–328.
  • Referans 21. Lynch S, Pfeiffer CM, Georgieff MK, Brittenham G, Fairweather-Tait S, Hurrell RF, et al. Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development (BOND)—Iron Review. J Nutr 2018; 148(Suppl 1), 1001-1067.
  • Referans 22. Higdon J. Micronutrient Information Center Vitamin A. [Online] Linus Pauling Institute, 2000. URL:https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/vitamins/vitamin-A.
  • Referans 23. Debelo H, Novotny JA, Ferruzzi MG. Vitamin A. Advances in Nutrition, 2017; Volume 8, Issue 6, 992-994.
  • Referans 24. Huang Z, Liu Y, Qi G, Brand D, Zheng SG. Role of Vitamin A in the Immune System. J Clin Med, 2018; 7(9): 258.
  • Referans 25. Bizzaro G., Antico A., Fortunato A., Bizzaro N. Vitamin D and Autoimmune Diseases: Is Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) Polymorphism the Culprit? Isr Med Assoc J, 2017; 19(7):438-443.
  • Referans 26. Azrielant S, Shoenfeld Y. Vitamin D and the Immune System. IMAJ 2017; 19: 510–511.
  • Referans 27. Bradford A .Vitamin C: Sources & Benefits. Live Science, 2015https://www. livescience. com/51827-vitamin-c. html 2015. Erişim Tarihi, 07.05.2020
  • Referans 28. Carrl AC, Maggini S. Vitamin C and Immune Function. Nutrients. 2017; 9(11): 1211.
  • Referans 29. Ellulu MS, Rahmat A, Patimah I, Khaza’ai H, Abed Y. Effect of vitamin C on inflammation and metabolic markers in hypertensive and/or diabetic obese adults: a randomized controlled trial. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2015; 9: 3405–3412.
  • Referans 30. Jeromson S, Gallagher IJ, Galloway SDR, Hamilton DL. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Skeletal Muscle Health. Mar Drugs, 2015; 13(11): 6977–7004.
  • Referans 31. Gutiérrez S, Svahn SL, Johansson ME. Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Immune Cells. Int J Mol Sci, 2019; 20(20): 5028.
  • Referans 32.Dupont J, Dedeyne L, Dalle S, Koppo K, Gielen E. The role of omega-3 in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 2019; 31, 825–836.
  • Referans 33. Karakan M, Elmacıoğlu MA, Nazlıkul H. Probıotıcs - Praebıotıcs and Immun System. Journal of Complementary Medicine, Regulation and Neural Therapy, 2016; Volume 10, Number 1.
  • Referans 34.Akpınar DD, Türköz BK. Probıotıc-Human Immune System Interactıons. Food and Health, 2019; 5(4), 265-280.
  • Referans 35. Nakashima A, Yamada K, Iwata O, Sugimoto R, Atsuji K, Ogawa T, et al. B-Glucan İn Foods And Its Physiological Functions. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol, 2018; 64,8-17,
  • Referans 36. Şöhretoğlu D, Kuruüzüm A. β-Glukanlar ve İmmün Sistem. Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy, 2015; 2: 103-115.
  • REferans 37. Yang Y, Ren C, Zhang Y, Ginseng XDW: An Nonnegligible Natural Remedy for Healthy Aging. Aging Dis., 2017; 8(6): 708–720. 38.Dong-Soon Im. Pro-Resolving Effect of Ginsenosides as an Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism of Panax ginseng. Biomolecules, 2020; 10(3), 444.
  • Referans 39. Turmeric [editorial]. LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury, 2019. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548561/Erişim Tarihi, 04.06.2020.
  • Referans 40. James W. Daily, Mini Yang, Sunmin Park. Efficacy of Turmeric Extracts and Curcumin for Alleviating the Symptoms of Joint Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. J Med Food, 2016; 19(8): 717–729.
  • Referans 41. Xu XY, Meng X, Li S, Gan RY, Li Y, Li HB. Bioactivity, Health Benefits, and Related Molecular Mechanisms of Curcumin: Current Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives. Nutrients, 2018; 10(10): 1553.

The Role of Nutritional Supplements in the Development and Support of the Immune System

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 137 - 147, 12.10.2020

Abstract

The immune system is the body's defense system against microorganisms such as pathogens, viruses and bacteria. Macrophages, cytokines, phagocytes, B and T lymphocytes, and natural killer cells work together to defend the body against those pathogen entering the body. There is an important relationship between nutrition and the immune system. If a person’s diet is inadequate and unbalanced, infections can easily enter the body and reduce the response of immune functions. Hence, it is important to consume the macro and micronutrients required for the healthy functioning of the immune system in recommended amounts. However, it should be remembered that macro, micro or other nutritional supplements should not be taken more than the recommended level. The aim of this review is to examine the effects of dietary supplements such as zinc, selenium, iron, vitamins A, D and C, omega 3 fatty acids, probiotics, beta-glucan, ginseng and turmeric, on the natural and acquired immune system.

References

  • Referans 1. Kafeshani M. Diet and immune system. Immunopathologia Persa 2015; 1(1):e04.
  • Referans 2. Labrecque N, Cermakian N. Circadian Clocks in the Immune System. Journal of Biological Rhythms 2015; 4, 277-290.
  • Referans 3. Maggini S, Pierre A, Calder PC. Immune Function and Micronutrient Requirements Change over the Life Course. Nutrients 2018; 10 (10): 1531.
  • Referans 4. Netea MG, Schlitzer A, Placek K, Joosten LAB, Schultze JL. Innate and Adaptive Immune Memory: an Evolutionary Continuum in the Host's Response to Pathogens. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 25(1):13-26.
  • Referans 5. Karim M. Yatim, Fadi G. A Brief Journey through the Immune System : Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2015;10(7): 1274–1281.
  • Referans 6. Gammoh NZ, Rink L. Zinc in Infection and Inflammation. Nutrients 2017; 9(6). pii: E624.
  • Referans 7. National Institutes of Health website. Zinc Fact Sheet for Consumers. Available at https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/ Erişim tarihi: 15.04.2020
  • Referans 8. Akdeniz Vİ, Kınık Ö, Yerlikaya O, Akan E. İnsan Sağlığı ve Beslenme Fizyolojisi Açısından Çinkonun Önemi. Akademik Gıda, 2016; 14(3) 307-314 .
  • Referans 9. Khanam S. Impact of Zinc on Immune Response. Immunol Curr Res., 2018; 2:1 .
  • Referans 10. Guo CH, Wang CL. Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Plasma Copper/Zinc Ratios, Oxidative Stress, and Immunological Status in Hemodialysis Patients. Int J Med Sci. 2013; 10(1): 79–89.
  • Referans 11. Baum MK, Lai S, Sales S, Page JB, Campa A. Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Zinc Supplementation to Prevent Immunological Failure in HIV-Positive Adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2010; 50(12): 1653–1660.
  • Referans 12. Kangalgil M, Yardımcı H. Effects of Selenium on Human Health and its Relationship With Diabetes Mellitus. Bozok Med J 2017; 7(4):66-71.
  • Referans 13. Kipp AP, Strohm DR, Schomburg BL, Bechthold A, Leschik-Bonnet E, Heseker H. German Nutrition Society (DGE). Revised reference values for selenium intake. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 2015; 32, 195–199.
  • Referans 14. Avery JC, Hoffmann PR. Selenium, Selenoproteins, and Immunity. Nutrients 2018; 10(9): 1203.
  • Referans 15. Ferrari SM, Fallahi P, Di Bari F, Vita R, Benvenga S, Antonelli A. Myo-inositol and selenium reduce the risk of developing overt hypothyroidism in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2017; 2 Suppl :36-42.
  • Referans 16. Mahmoodpoor A, Hamishehkar H, Shadvar K, Ostadi Z, Sanaie S, Saghaleini SH, et al. The Effect of Intravenous Selenium on Oxidative Stress in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Immunol Invest, 2019; 48(2):147-159.
  • Referans 17. Śliwińska A, Luty J, Wrona EA, Małgorzewicz S. Iron status and dietary iron intake in vegetarians. Adv Clin Exp Med, 2017; 27(10):1383–1389.
  • Referans 18. Maggini S, Pierre A, Calder PC. Immune Function and Micronutrient Requirements Change over the Life Course. Nutrients 2018; 10(10): 1531.
  • Referans 19. Drake VJ. Micronutrient Information Center Immunity in Depth. [Online] Linus Pauling Institute, 2015. URL: http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/health-disease/immunity. Erişim Tarihi: 13.04.2020
  • Referans 20. Ward RJ, Crichton RR, Taylor DL, Corte LD, Srai SK, Dexter DT. Iron and the immune system. Basic Neurosciences, Genetics and Immunology 2010; 118, 315–328.
  • Referans 21. Lynch S, Pfeiffer CM, Georgieff MK, Brittenham G, Fairweather-Tait S, Hurrell RF, et al. Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development (BOND)—Iron Review. J Nutr 2018; 148(Suppl 1), 1001-1067.
  • Referans 22. Higdon J. Micronutrient Information Center Vitamin A. [Online] Linus Pauling Institute, 2000. URL:https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/vitamins/vitamin-A.
  • Referans 23. Debelo H, Novotny JA, Ferruzzi MG. Vitamin A. Advances in Nutrition, 2017; Volume 8, Issue 6, 992-994.
  • Referans 24. Huang Z, Liu Y, Qi G, Brand D, Zheng SG. Role of Vitamin A in the Immune System. J Clin Med, 2018; 7(9): 258.
  • Referans 25. Bizzaro G., Antico A., Fortunato A., Bizzaro N. Vitamin D and Autoimmune Diseases: Is Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) Polymorphism the Culprit? Isr Med Assoc J, 2017; 19(7):438-443.
  • Referans 26. Azrielant S, Shoenfeld Y. Vitamin D and the Immune System. IMAJ 2017; 19: 510–511.
  • Referans 27. Bradford A .Vitamin C: Sources & Benefits. Live Science, 2015https://www. livescience. com/51827-vitamin-c. html 2015. Erişim Tarihi, 07.05.2020
  • Referans 28. Carrl AC, Maggini S. Vitamin C and Immune Function. Nutrients. 2017; 9(11): 1211.
  • Referans 29. Ellulu MS, Rahmat A, Patimah I, Khaza’ai H, Abed Y. Effect of vitamin C on inflammation and metabolic markers in hypertensive and/or diabetic obese adults: a randomized controlled trial. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2015; 9: 3405–3412.
  • Referans 30. Jeromson S, Gallagher IJ, Galloway SDR, Hamilton DL. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Skeletal Muscle Health. Mar Drugs, 2015; 13(11): 6977–7004.
  • Referans 31. Gutiérrez S, Svahn SL, Johansson ME. Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Immune Cells. Int J Mol Sci, 2019; 20(20): 5028.
  • Referans 32.Dupont J, Dedeyne L, Dalle S, Koppo K, Gielen E. The role of omega-3 in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 2019; 31, 825–836.
  • Referans 33. Karakan M, Elmacıoğlu MA, Nazlıkul H. Probıotıcs - Praebıotıcs and Immun System. Journal of Complementary Medicine, Regulation and Neural Therapy, 2016; Volume 10, Number 1.
  • Referans 34.Akpınar DD, Türköz BK. Probıotıc-Human Immune System Interactıons. Food and Health, 2019; 5(4), 265-280.
  • Referans 35. Nakashima A, Yamada K, Iwata O, Sugimoto R, Atsuji K, Ogawa T, et al. B-Glucan İn Foods And Its Physiological Functions. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol, 2018; 64,8-17,
  • Referans 36. Şöhretoğlu D, Kuruüzüm A. β-Glukanlar ve İmmün Sistem. Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy, 2015; 2: 103-115.
  • REferans 37. Yang Y, Ren C, Zhang Y, Ginseng XDW: An Nonnegligible Natural Remedy for Healthy Aging. Aging Dis., 2017; 8(6): 708–720. 38.Dong-Soon Im. Pro-Resolving Effect of Ginsenosides as an Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism of Panax ginseng. Biomolecules, 2020; 10(3), 444.
  • Referans 39. Turmeric [editorial]. LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury, 2019. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548561/Erişim Tarihi, 04.06.2020.
  • Referans 40. James W. Daily, Mini Yang, Sunmin Park. Efficacy of Turmeric Extracts and Curcumin for Alleviating the Symptoms of Joint Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. J Med Food, 2016; 19(8): 717–729.
  • Referans 41. Xu XY, Meng X, Li S, Gan RY, Li Y, Li HB. Bioactivity, Health Benefits, and Related Molecular Mechanisms of Curcumin: Current Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives. Nutrients, 2018; 10(10): 1553.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Derleme
Authors

Hülya Yılmaz Önal 0000-0001-8424-2661

Zeynep Demirci 0000-0003-0304-1409

Publication Date October 12, 2020
Submission Date August 21, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 2 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Yılmaz Önal, H., & Demirci, Z. (2020). İmmün Sistemin Gelişmesinde ve Desteklenmesinde Besin Desteklerinin Rolü. Sağlık Profesyonelleri Araştırma Dergisi, 2(3), 137-147.
AMA Yılmaz Önal H, Demirci Z. İmmün Sistemin Gelişmesinde ve Desteklenmesinde Besin Desteklerinin Rolü. J Health Pro Res. October 2020;2(3):137-147.
Chicago Yılmaz Önal, Hülya, and Zeynep Demirci. “İmmün Sistemin Gelişmesinde Ve Desteklenmesinde Besin Desteklerinin Rolü”. Sağlık Profesyonelleri Araştırma Dergisi 2, no. 3 (October 2020): 137-47.
EndNote Yılmaz Önal H, Demirci Z (October 1, 2020) İmmün Sistemin Gelişmesinde ve Desteklenmesinde Besin Desteklerinin Rolü. Sağlık Profesyonelleri Araştırma Dergisi 2 3 137–147.
IEEE H. Yılmaz Önal and Z. Demirci, “İmmün Sistemin Gelişmesinde ve Desteklenmesinde Besin Desteklerinin Rolü”, J Health Pro Res, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 137–147, 2020.
ISNAD Yılmaz Önal, Hülya - Demirci, Zeynep. “İmmün Sistemin Gelişmesinde Ve Desteklenmesinde Besin Desteklerinin Rolü”. Sağlık Profesyonelleri Araştırma Dergisi 2/3 (October 2020), 137-147.
JAMA Yılmaz Önal H, Demirci Z. İmmün Sistemin Gelişmesinde ve Desteklenmesinde Besin Desteklerinin Rolü. J Health Pro Res. 2020;2:137–147.
MLA Yılmaz Önal, Hülya and Zeynep Demirci. “İmmün Sistemin Gelişmesinde Ve Desteklenmesinde Besin Desteklerinin Rolü”. Sağlık Profesyonelleri Araştırma Dergisi, vol. 2, no. 3, 2020, pp. 137-4.
Vancouver Yılmaz Önal H, Demirci Z. İmmün Sistemin Gelişmesinde ve Desteklenmesinde Besin Desteklerinin Rolü. J Health Pro Res. 2020;2(3):137-4.

SAĞLIK PROFESYONELLERİ ARAŞTIRMA DERGİSİ / JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROFESSIONALS RESEARCH /J HEALTH PRO RES