Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of bone height and width in 7 different tooth regions of totally edentulous maxilla

Year 2024, , 252 - 258, 27.05.2024

Ayşe Gül Öner Talmaç , Zeynep Dilan Orhan , Levent Ciğerim , Nazlı Hilal Kahraman , Abdalrahım Husseın , İbrahim Doğru , Mohammad Alsmadı , Abdurrahman Galayene

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1449241

Abstract

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the residual alveolar bone height and bone width at different depths from the central tooth region to the second molar tooth region in maxillary totally edentulous individuals.
Methods: This retrospective observational radiographic study was performed on cone beam computed tomography images of patients who presented to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery for dental implant evaluation between January 2010 and March 2023. Horizontal measurements were taken on sagittal cross-sectional images at vertical depths of 1 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm and 7 mm from the alveolar crest. Vertical measurements were made by measuring the distance between the crest of the alveolar
ridge and the base of the nose or the base of the maxillary sinus. The results were evaluated with 95% confidence interval and significance at p<0.05 level.
Results: Of the 104 patients included in the study, 42 were male and 62 were female and their age ranged from 36 to 90 years with a mean age of 50.88±10.28 years. The mean change of 0.46±1.83 units in the vertical measurements on the left side compared to the right side in the lateral region was statistically significant (p<0.05). Bone height was greater in the right and left central regions than in the 2nd premolar, 1st molar and 2nd molar regions (p<0.05). Bone width was greater in the 2nd premolar, 1st molar and 2nd molar regions and on the left side at depths of 1, 3 and 5 mm (p<0.05).
Conclusion: This study was the first to compare residual bone height and width at 1, 3, 5 and 7 mm depth from the central region to the second molar region in individuals with complete maxillary edentulism. The study showed that the loss of horizontal bone width as a result of alveolar crest resorption in edentulous patients was advanced and the need for horizontal augmentation was very high in this group of patients being considered for dental implant surgery.

Keywords

Dental implant, maxilla, edentulous maxilla, bone width, bone height

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