Clinical Features and Laboratory Values Associated with Disease Severity in Covid 19 Patients: A Single Center Experience

Abstract

Background: To date, several studies were published about clinical features and laboratory values associated with disease severity in covid 19 patients. We aimed to show the relationship between disease severity and clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients as a single center experience. Methods: Clinical features and laboratory data of fifty patients diagnosed with Covid-19 by PCR was evaluated at diagnosis. These patients divided into 2 groups as early and advanced disease. Clinical features and laboratory data were compared in terms of severity of disease. Results: In all patients, the most common accompanying disease was coronary artery disease. Cough and headache were the most common complaints. Laboratory values showed low lymphocyte count and high CRP levels in all patients. Twenty four patients in early stage and 26 patients in advanced stage were compared in terms of clinical features and laboratory values. In advanced stage, it was observed that body weight, number of comorbid diseases, age, CRP, procalcitonin, BUN, GGT, fibrinogen, D-dimer and ferritin levels of patients were higher whereas height, serum total protein, albumin and potassium levels were lower when compered with early stage patients (p <0.05). Conclusions: Our data showed that older age, having cough, increased number of comorbid diseases, CRP, BUN, GGT, fibrinogen, D-dimer and ferritin and decresed serum total protein, albumin, potassium levels at the time of diagnosis in COVID-19 patients were associated with advanced stage disease.

Keywords

• Covid 19
• Sars-Cov-2 infection
• Disease severity

Clinical features and laboratory values associated with disease severity in Covid 19 patients: a single center experience

Abstract

Background: To date, several studies were published about clinical features and laboratory values associated with disease severity in covid 19 patients. We aimed to show the relationship between disease severity and clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients as a single center experience. Methods: Clinical features and laboratory data of fifty patients diagnosed with Covid-19 by PCR was evaluated at diagnosis. These patients divided into 2 groups as early and advanced disease. Clinical features and laboratory data were compared in terms of severity of disease. Results: In all patients, the most common accompanying disease was coronary artery disease. Cough and headache were the most common complaints. Laboratory values showed low lymphocyte count and high CRP levels in all patients. Twenty four patients in early stage and 26 patients in advanced stage were compared in terms of clinical features and laboratory values. In advanced stage, it was observed that body weight, number of comorbid diseases, age, CRP, procalcitonin, BUN, GGT, fibrinogen, D-dimer and ferritin levels of patients were higher whereas height, serum total protein, albumin and potassium levels were lower when compered with early stage patients (p <0.05). Conclusions: Our data showed that older age, having cough, increased number of comorbid diseases, CRP, BUN, GGT, fibrinogen, D-dimer and ferritin and decresed serum total protein, albumin, potassium levels at the time of diagnosis in COVID-19 patients were associated with advanced stage disease.

Keywords

• Disease Severity
• Covid 19
• Sars-Cov-2 infection

References

1. Referans1 Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, et al. Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(13):1199-1207.
2. Referans2 Pal M, Berhanu G, Desalegn C, et al. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2): An Update. Cureus. 2020;12(3):7423.
3. Referans3 World Health Organization Press Conference. The World Health Organization (WHO) Has Officially Named the Disease Caused by the Novel Coronavirus as COVID-19. Available online: https://www.who.int/ emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019 (accessed on 18 May 2020).
4. Referans4 Chan JF, Yuan S, Kok KH, et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):514-523.
5. Referans5 Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. China Novel Coronavirus Investigating and Research Team. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China. 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(8):727-733.
6. Referans6 Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Moralesa, Jaime A. Cardona-Ospina, Estefanía Gutiérrez-Ocampoa, Rhuvi Villamizar-Peñaa, Yeimer Holguin-Riveraa, Juan Pablo Escalera-Antezanai, et al. On behalf of the Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019-COVID-19 Research (LANCOVID-19). Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
7. Referans7 Weiliang Cao, Li Shi, Lin Chen, Xuemei Xu, Zirong Wu. Clinical features and laboratory inspection of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in Xiangyang, Hubei.
8. Referans8 Yong Gao, Tuantuan Li, Mingfeng Han, Xiuyong Li, Dong Wu, Yuanhong Xu, Yulin Zhu, Yan Liu, Xiaowu Wang, Linding Wang. Diagnostic utility of clinical laboratory data determinations for patients with the severe COVID-19

9. Referans9 Lauer SA, Grantz KH, Bi Q, et al. The Incubation Period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) From Publicly Reported Confirmed Cases: Estimation and Application. Ann Intern Med. 2020;172(9):577-582.
10. Referans10 Ferguson NM, Laydon D, Nedjati-Gilani G, et al. Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce COVID-19 mortality and healthcare demand. Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team. 2020;10:77482.
11. Referans11 11. Gurbuz, P. COVID-19 and Diabetes Among Comorbidities: A Systematic.