Açık kalp cerrahisinde pompa sisteminden oksijenatörün çıkarılması: deneysel hayvan çalışması

Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 4, 121 - 128, 22.09.2019

Mehmet Kabalcı

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.558916

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Amaç:
Koyun kullanılan bu deneysel çalışmada, pompa ile yapılan rutin açık kalp
cerrahisi yönteminde, oksijenatör yerine pulmoner sistemin kullanılabileceği
hipotezinin teknik olarak mümkün olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır.

Gereç
ve Yöntem: Beş adet dişi Ankara koyunu kullanılan çalışmada
hayvanlara pompa ile açık kalp ameliyatı uygulanmıştır. Temel fark venöz
kanülasyon sağ atriyum yerine sol atriyuma yapılmış, oksijenatör sistemden
çıkarılmıştır. Kardiyak arrest için 2 denekte ventriküler fibrilasyon, 2
denekte kros klemp-potasyum kardiyoplejisi tekniği kullanılmıştır. 30 dakika
boyunca sürüdülen kardiyak arrest boyunca debiler, tansiyonlar, arter kan gazı
değerleri gibi hemodinamik parametreler kaydedilmiştir. İlk denek tekniğin
gerekli şekilde uygulanması sonucu pompa aşamasında ölmüştür. Diğer hayvanların
hayatı test sonuçları elde edildikten sonra sonlandırılmıştır.

Sonuç:
İn vivo olarak, tamamen hidrodinamik bir test şeklinde yürütülen
çalışmada tekniğin en azından bu testte mümkün olabildiği görülmüştür.
Hemodinaminin sıkı takibi ve santral venöz basıncın 18 mmHg civarında tutulmasıyla,
ek bir pompaya gerek kalmadan sağ atriyum kanı spontan olarak sol atriyuma
geçebilmiştir. Geçen kan miktarı  30dk
boyunca, hedef kardiyak indeksin üzerinde stabil olarak sağlanabilmiştir.
Çalışmanın düşündürdüğü bir başka sonuç da; akut miyokard infarktüsü gibi bir
nedenle kalbin ventriküler fibrilasyona girdiği veya elektriksel iletinin
bozularak kalbin kasılmadığı durumlarda sadece sol atriyum-aort arasına
perkütan olarak yerleştirilecek bir pompa sistemiyle kardiyak ve sistemik
dolaşımda perfüzyon sağlanabileceği şeklindedir.

Keywords

Oksijenatör, pompa ile açık kalp cerrahisi, akut miyokard infarktüsü, ventriküler fibrilasyon

Removal of oxygenator from pump system in open heart surgery: experimental animal study

Abstract

Aim:
In this experimental study using sheep, it has been investigated whether
the hypothesis that the pulmonary system can be used instead of the oxygenator
is technically possible in routine open heart surgery method.

Material
and Method: In this study, 5 female Ankara sheep were used. The
main difference was that the venous cannulation was made to the left atrium
instead of the right atrium and the oxygenator was removed from the system.
Ventricular fibrillation was performed in 2 subjects for cardiac arrest and cross
clamp-potassium cardioplegia was used in 2 subjects. Hemodynamic parameters
such as flow rates, blood pressure, arterial blood gas values ​​were recorded
during 30 minutes of cardiac arrest. The first subject died in the pump stage
due to the wrong application of the technique. The life of the other animals
was terminated after the test results were obtained.

Results:
In this in vivo study, which was conducted in the form of a fully
hydrodynamic test, it has seen at least possible for this test. With a strict
follow-up of hemodynamic parameters and provide central venous pressure as
18mmHg, the right atrial blood could spontaneously pass into the left atrium
without the need for an additional pump. The amount of blood passed was stable
over the target cardiac index for 30 min. Another result of the study gave rise
to a thought that, in case such as heart attack,  cardiac and systemic circulation and
perfusion may be provided by a pump system which will be placed percutaneously
between the left atrial and aorta when the heartbeat is ended due to VF or the
electrical conduction fails.

Keywords

Oxygenator, on-pump heart surgery, acute myocardial infarction, ventricular fibrillation

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