Can biochemical biomarkers predict mortality in percutaneous dilatational tracheostomies?

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 209 - 215, 18.06.2020

Gülçin Aydın İşın Yazıcı

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.668108

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to explore the possibility of using biochemical parameters as biomarkers in predicting mortality in patients undergoing percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) where the prognosis may be fatal.
Material and Method: The patients’ demographic features, early complications, days in the intensive care unit and mortality rates were recorded. Additionally, data obtained from venous blood samples taken 1 day prior to and 1 day following the PDT procedure were noted, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios (PLR) were assessed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the survivor group (those who underwent PDT and were discharged from the hospital after treatment, n=20) and the non-survivor (patients who underwent PDT but died at the hospital after treatment, n=67).
Results: A significant difference was found between the groups in terms of a number of days in intensive care (p=0.006), preoperative neutrophil count (p=0.041) and postoperative NLR (p=0.041). Differences were seen in the pre- and postoperative blood parameters of the patients in the non-survivor group in terms of lymphocyte count (p<0.001), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) (p=0.002) and PLR (p<0.001) values. The results of the correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between the prognosis and the neutrophil count (p=0.040) and between the prognosis and post-PDT NLR (p=0.040), but a negative correlation between the prognosis and duration of the hospital stay (p=0.005). ROC curve analysis showed that only the post-PDT NLR value, indicating 68.7% sensitivity and 60.0% specificity over the 6.91 cut-off point, could be a specific and sensitive biomedical marker and predictor of a prognosis that would end in mortality.
Conclusion: As a result of this pilot study, it can be argued that the NLR level measured post-PDT can be a prognostic biomarker in predicting the risk of mortality for patients undergoing PDT. 

Keywords

Tracheostomy, mortality, biomarkers, Griggs technique

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