The effect of smoking on stem cell mobilization in allogeneic donors

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 291 - 294, 18.06.2020

Tuğçe Nur Yiğenoğlu Semih Başcı Derya Şahin Mehmet Bakırtaş Ali Kılınc Bahar Uncu Ulu Hikmetullah Batgi Dicle İskender Nurgul Ozcan Merih Kızıl Çakır Sinan Dal Tuba Hacıbekiroğlu Fevzi Altuntaş

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.729505

Abstract

Introduction: It has been shown that there is an increase in the number of progenitor cells in the bone marrow after smoking cessation. Adequate number of stem cells should be given to the patients to provide sustained engraftment after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Therefore, determining the factors affecting the success of peripheral stem cell mobilization in allogenic donors is very important. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of smoking on the amount of stem cells collected after peripheral blood stem cell mobilization in allogeneic donors.
Material and Method: The data of 157 allogeneic donors who were performed peripheral stem cell mobilization in our center were analyzed retrospectively. The donors were divided into 2 groups:active smokers (n:80) and non-smokers (n:77). Smokers were divided into two groups as donors who smoked <15 cigarette pack year and those who smoked ≥15 cigarette pack year.
Results: The median CD34+ cell count in the peripheral blood on the 5th day before apheresis was found to be significantly lower in smokers than in non-smokers (p=0.001*). Compared to the donors who smoked <15 cigarette pack year, the median CD34+ cell count in the peripheral blood on the 5th day before apheresis was significantly lower in the donors who smoked ≥15 cigarette pack year (p=0.009*).
Conclusion:During the allogeneic stem cell donor assessment, donors should be questioned for their smoking history. Smoking should be considered as a negative risk factor for peripheral stem cell mobilization, especially in the donors who smoke ≥15 cigarette pack year.

Keywords

cigarette, allogenic donor, stem cell mobilization

Allojenik vericilerde sigaranın kök hücre mobilizasyonu üzerine etkisi

Abstract

Giriş: Sigara kullananlarda, sigaranın bırakılmasından sonra kemik iliğindeki öncü hücre sayısında artış olduğu gösterilmiştir. Allojenik kök hücre nakli sonrası engraftmanın sağlanması için, hastalara yeterli miktarda kök hücre verilmelidir. Bu nedenle, allojenik vericilerde periferik kök hücre mobilizasyonunun başarısını etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi çok önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, sigaranın sağlıklı allojenik vericilerin periferik kan kök hücre mobilizasyonu sonrası toplanan kök hücre miktarı üzerine etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem:Merkezimizde periferik kök hücre mobilizasyonu yapılan 157 allojenik vericinin verileri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Vericiler aktif sigara içenler (n:80) ve sigara içmeyenler (n:77) olmak üzere 2 kola ayrıldı. Sigara içen vericiler kendi aralarında <15 paket yıl sigara içen ve ≥15 paket yıl sigara içenler olmak üzere 2 gruba ayrılarak incelendi.
Bulgular: Aferez işleminden önceki 5. gün periferik kandaki medyan CD34+ hücre sayısı sigara içen vericilerde sigara içmeyen vericilere göre anlamlı olarak daha düşük saptandı (p=0,001*). Vericilerden ≥15 paket yıl sigara içenlerde; <15 paket yıl sigara içen vericilere kıyasla aferez işleminden önceki 5. gün periferik kandaki medyan CD34+ hücre sayısı, anlamlı olarak daha düşük bulundu (p=0,009*).
Sonuç: Allojenik kök hücre verici değerlendirmesi sırasında, vericiler sigara öyküleri açısından sorgulanmalıdır. Sigara kullanımı, özellikle ≥15 paket yıl sigara içen vericilerde periferik kök hücre mobilizasyonu için negatif bir risk faktörü olarak düşünülmelidir.

Keywords

Sigara, allojenik verici, kök hücre mobilizasyonu

References

• 1. Wahl EA, Schenck TL, Machens HG, Egaña JT. Acute stimulation of mesenchymal stem cells with cigarette smoke extract affects their migration, differentiation, and paracrine potential. Sci Rep 2016; 6: 22957.
• 2. Sethi JM, Rochester CL. Smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Chest Med 2000; 21: 67-86.
• 3. Agustí AG. Systemic effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2005; 2: 367-70.
• 4. Terashima T, Wiggs B, English D, Hogg JC, van Eeden SF. Phagocytosis of small carbon particles by alveolar macrophages stimulates the release of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from bone marrow. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 155: 1441–7.
• 5. Aicher A, Heeschen C, Mildner-Rihm C, et al. Essential role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase for mobilization of stem and progenitor cells. Nat Med 2003; 9: 1370-6
• 6. Umemura T, Higashi Y. Endothelial progenitor cells: therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. J Pharmacol Sci 2008; 108: 1-6.
• 7. Brittan M, Hoogenboom MM, Padfield GJ, et al. Endothelial progenitor cells in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2013; 305: 964-9.
• 8. Ema H, Suda T. Two anatomically distinct niches regulate stem cell activity. Blood 2012; 120: 2174–81.
• 9. Fang MA, Frost PJ, Iida-Klein A, Hahn TJ. Effects of nicotine on cellular function in UMR 106-01 osteoblast-like cells. Bone 1991; 12: 283–6.
• 10. Schraufstatter IU, DiScipio RG, Khaldoyanidi SK. Alpha 7 subunit of nAChR regulates migration of human mesenchymal stem cells. J Stem Cells 2009; 4: 203–15.
• 11. Deng Y, Li TQ, Yan YE, Magdalou J, Wang H, Chen LB. Effect of nicotine on chondrogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in alginate bead culture. Biomed Mater Eng 2012; 22: 81–7.
• 12. Kim BS, Kim SJ, Kim HJ, et al. Effects of nicotine on proliferation and osteoblast differentiation in human alveolar bone marrowderived mesenchymal stem cells. Life Sci 2012; 90: 109–15.
• 13. Wahl EA, Schenck TL, Machens HG, Egaña JT. Acute stimulation of mesenchymal stem cells with cigarette smoke extract affects their migration, differentiation, and paracrine potential. Sci Rep 2016; 6: 22957.
• 14. Hahn J, Monakhova YB, Hengen J, et al. Electronic cigarettes: overview of chemical composition and exposure estimation. Tob Induc Dis 2014; 12: 23.
• 15. Benowitz NL, Hukkanen J, Jacob P. Nicotine chemistry, metabolism, kinetics and biomarkers. 3rd ed. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2009; 192: 29–60.
• 16. Gullihorn L, Karpman R, Lippiello L. Differential effects of nicotine and smoke condensate on bone cell metabolic activity. J Orthop Trauma 2005; 19: 17–22.
• 17. Shen Y, Liu HX, Ying XZ, et al. Dose-dependent effects of nicotine on proliferation and differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells and the antagonistic action of vitamin C. J Cell Biochem 2013; 114: 1720–8.
• 18. Zeng HL, Qin YL, Chen HZ, et al. Effects of nicotine on proliferation and survival in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2014; 28: 181–9.
• 19. Matson JP, Cook JG. Cell cycle proliferation decisions: the impact of single cell analyses. FEBS J 2017; 284: 362–75.
• 20. Huertas A, Testa U, Riccioni R, et al. Bone marrow-derived progenitors are greatly reduced in patients with severe COPD and low-BMI. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2009; 170: 23–31.
• 21. Erkut MA, Berber İ, Kuku İ, Kaya E, Nizam İ. Donor Selection in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. American Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, vol. 2, no. 1 2014: 32-5.
• 22. Stiff PJ. Management strategies for the hard-to-mobilize patient. Bone Marrow Transplantation 1999; 23: 29–33.
• 23. Takeyama K, Ohto H. Peripheral stem cell mobilization. Transfus Apher Sci 2004; 31: 233-43.
• 24. Baldomero H, Gratwohl M, Gratwohl A, et al. The EBMT activity survey 2009: trends over the past 5 years. Bone Marrow Transplant 2011; 46: 485–501.
• 25. Gratwohl A, Baldomero H, Schmid O, et al. Change in stem cell source for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Europe: a report of the EBMT activity survey 2003. Bone Marrow Transplant 2005; 36: 575–90.
• 26. Ng TK, Huang L, Cao D, et al. Cigarette smoking hinders human periodontal ligamentderived stem cell proliferation, migration and differentiation potentials. Sci Rep 2015; 5: 7828.
• 27. Kondo T, Hayashi M, Takeshita K, et al. Smoking cessation rapidly increases circulating progenitor cells in peripheral blood in chronic smokers. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004; 24: 1442–7.
• 28. Bonsignore MR, Palange P, Testa U, et al. Circulating CD34+ cells are decreased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2006; 3: 537–8.
• 29. Ludwig A, Jochmann N, Kertesz A, et al. Smoking decreases the level of circulating CD34+ progenitor cells in young healthy women—a pilot study. BMC Wom Health 2010; 10: 20.
• 30. Panwalkar A, Devetten M, Loberiza F, et al. Effect of smoking on mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells in healthy donors. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant 2008; 14: 122.
• 31. Haile DJ, Utz K, Toro JJ, et al. Nicotine use during mobilization is associated with more efficient stem cell collection. Blood 2011; 118: 19.