Evaluation of craniometric measurements in human skulls

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 38 - 44, 21.01.2021

Tufan Ulcay , Burcu Kamaşak

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.804341

Cited By: 6

Abstract

Aim: We aimed to provide a source of information that could contribute to the determination of normal values in our country and to reveal possible variations by comparing our results with the literature.
Material and Method: Our study was carried out on 60 skulls of unknown gender and age found in the Laboratory of the Department of Anatomy. Measurements were made directly on the skull using an inelastic and soft measuring tape, Holtain Harpenden anthropometric set, and a digital sliding caliper (Mitutoyo). In our study, using direct anthropometric measurement techniques, the measurements of the head and face regions were taken by a single researcher three times and their averages were calculated. 19 anthropometric points were determined and used for 22 measurements.
Results: As a result of our study, the head and face data were generally lower than the literature. Apertura piriformis height (APH), orbital length (OL) and orbital width (d-ec) results were compared as left and right asymmetry percentages, respectively; it was calculated as 1.35, 0.25, 0.26. Left measurement results were found more than right side.
Conclusion: In our study, it was observed that the mean values of skulls in our country were generally lower than those of other studies in the literature. At the same time, we think that comparing data with different nationalities will be important in determining the structural craniometric properties for social diversity. In addition, we believe that our findings will shed light on future research.

Keywords

Craniometry, Skull, Anthropometry

References

• 1- Choudhary A, Chowdhary DS. Comparative anthropometric study of nasal parameters between two ethnic groups of Rajasthan state. Int J Med Public Health 2012; 2: 46-8.
• 2- Ulcay T, Kamaşak B. Sex Based Comparative Examination of Craniofacial Anthropometric Measurements in Medical School Students. Antropoloji 2020; (39): 66-73. Doi: 10.33613/antropolojidergisi.731186
• 3- Farkas LG, Katic MJ, Forrest CR. International anthropometric study of facial morphology in various ethnic groups/races. J Craniofac Surg 2005; 16: 615-46.
• 4- Taşkınalp O, Erdem N. Some vertical proportions of the face in turkish adults. Balkan Med J 2009; 26: 49-52.
• 5- Porter JP, Olson KL. Anthropometric facial analysis of the African American woman. Arch Facial Plast Surg 2001; 3: 191-7.
• 6- Deniz M. Yetişkin Kadınlarda Orbital Bölgenin Antropometrik Analizi ve Yaşa Bağlı Değişiklikler. phD Thesis, Harran University, Şanlıurfa; 2011.
• 7- Orish CN, Ibeachu PC. Craniometric Indices of Nigeria Skulls. Int J Anat Appl Physiol 2016; 2 (1): 6-13.
• 8- Farkas LG (Editor). Examination. In: Anthropometry of the head and face. Raven Press; 1994: 3-56.
• 9- Mahakkanukrauh P, Sinthubua A, Prasitwattanaseree S, Ruengdit S, Singsuwan P, Praneatpolgrang S, Duangto P. Craniometric study for sex determination in a Thai population. Anat Cell Biol 2015; 48: 275-83.
• 10- Gapert R, Black S, Last J. Test of age-related variation in the craniometry of the adult human foramen magnum region: implications for sex determination methods. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2013; 9: 478-88.
• 11- Farkas LG, Posnick JC, Hreczko TM. Anthropometric growth study of the head. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 1992; 29(4): 303-8. Doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_1992_029_0303_agsoth_2.3.co_2.
• 12- Ziylan T, Karabulut AK, Murshid KA, Yücel N, Çiçekçibaşı AE. İnsan kafa iskeletlerinin antropometrik analizi. S.Ü. Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2001; 17: 1-6.
• 13- Padala SR, Khan N. Assessment of craniometric indices of adult human skulls of South Indian origin. International Journal of Medical and Health Research 2017; 3(12): 155-60.
• 14- Ramamoorthy B, Pai MM, Prabhu LV, Muralimanju BV, Rai R. Assessment of craniometric traits in South Indian dry skulls for sex determination. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine 2016; 37: 8-14.
• 15- Vidya CS, Prashantha B, Gangadhar MR. Anthropometric Predictors for Sexual Dimorphism of Skulls of South Indian Origin. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 2012; 2(10): 1-4.
• 16- Kranioti EF, İşcan MY, Michalodimitrakis M. Craniometric analysis of the modern Cretan population. Forensic Science International 2008; 180: 110.e1–110.e5
• 17- Steyn M, Iscan MY. Sexual dimorphism in the crania and mandibles of South African whites. Forensic Sci Int 1998; 98: 9-16.
• 18- Tritsaroli P. Artificial cranial modification on a female skeleton from the Byzantine site of Maroneia (Thrace, Greece). Int. J. Osteoarchaeol 2011; 21: 464-78.
• 19- Todd TW. The Comparison of Auricular Height Determinations. J Anat. 1925; 59 (Pt 4): 390-3.
• 20- Sinha R, Venkatramana P (Editors). Unit 2 Craniometry, Mandibulometry, Used Somatoscopy And Somatometry. In: Practical in Physical Anthropology. IGNOU; 2017: 32.
• 21- Ogawa Y, Imaizumi K, Miyasaka S, Yoshino M. Discriminant functions for sex estimation of modern Japanese skulls. J Forensic Leg Med 2013; 20: 234- 8.
• 22- Chethan P, Prakash KG, Murlimanju BV, et al. Morphological Analysis and Morphometry of the Foramen Magnum: An Anatomical Investigation. Turkish Neurosurgery 2012; 22 (4); 416-9.
• 23- Radhakrishna SK, Shivarama CH, Ramakrishna A, Bhagya B. Morphometric Analysis of Foramen Magnum for Sex Determination in South Indian Population. NUJHS 2012; 2(1): 20-2.
• 24- Singh G, Talwar I. Morphometric analysis of foramen magnum in human skull for sex determination. Human Biology Review 2013; 2(1): 29-41.
• 25- Farkas, LG, Posnick JC, Hreczko TM. Growth patterns of the face: a morphometric study. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 1992; 29(4): 308-14.
• 26- Uygur M, Ertür M, Akcan A, Kayalıoğlu G. Apertura piriformis ve os nasale'nin morfometrik özellikleri. Göztepe Tıp Dergisi 2006; 21(4): 174-7.
• 27- Aksu F, Mas NG, Kahveci O, Çırpan S, Karabekir S. Apertura Piriformis ve Choana Çapları: Anatomik Bir Çalışma. Deü Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2013; 27(1): 1-6.
• 28- Ofodile FA. Nasal bones and pyriform apertures in blacks. Ann Plast Surg 1994; 32: 21-6.