Research Article
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Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 88 - 93, 17.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1005328

Abstract

References

  • World Health Organization (WHO). Global tuberculosis report 2020. New York: WHO. 14 Oct 2020.
  • Baharoon S. Tuberculosis of the breast. Ann Thorac Med 2008; 3: 110–4.
  • Cooper. Illustrations of the diseases of the breast, part I. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green, 1829: 73.
  • Kalac N, Ozkan B, Bayiz H. Brest tuberculosis. Breast 2002; 11: 346–9.
  • Bouti K, Soualhi M, Marc K, et al. Postmenopausal breast tuberculosis—report of four cases. Breast Care (Basel) 2012; 7: 411-3.
  • Kessler E, Woolloch Y. Granulomatous mastitis: a lesion clinically simulating carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol 1972; 58: 642–6.
  • Marinopoulos S, Lourantou D, Gatzionis T, Dimitrakakis C, Papaspyrou I, Antsaklis A. Breast tuberculosis: diagnosis, management and treatment. Int J Surg Case Rep 2012; 3: 548–50.
  • Khanna R, Prasanna GV, Gupta P, Kumar M, Khanna S, Khanna AK. Mammary tuberculosis: report on 52 cases.Postgrad Med J 2002; 78: 422–4.
  • Bani-Hani KE, Yaghan RJ, Matalka II, Mazahreh TS. Tuberculous mastitis: a disease not to be forgotten. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2005; 9: 920–5.
  • Gupta D, Rajwanshi A, Gupta SK, Nijhawan R, Saran RK, Singh R. Fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of tuberculous mastitis. Acta Cytol 1999; 43: 191–4.
  • Tewari M, Shukla HS. Breast tuberculosis: diagnosis, clinical features and management. Indian J Med Res 2005; 122: 103–10.
  • Zandrino F, Monetti F, Gandolfo N. Primary tuberculosis of the breast. A case report. Acta Radiol 2000; 41: 61–3.
  • Luh SP, Hsu JD, Lai YS, Chen SW. Primary tuberculous infection of breast: experiences of surgical resection for aged patients and review of literature. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2007; 8: 580–3.
  • Indumathi CK, Alladi A, Dinakar C, Rout PL. Tuberculosis of the breast in an adolescent girl: a rare presentation. J Trop Pediatr 2007; 53: 133–4.
  • Bianco SR, Gurgel RL, Tavares Mde A. Radiological aspects of primary tuberculosis in the breast: a case report and review of the literature. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2009; 42: 203–5.
  • Walker M. Conquering common breast-feeding problems. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2008; 22: 267–74.
  • Mathad JS, Gupta A. Tuberculosis in pregnant and postpartum women: epidemiology, management, and research gaps. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 55: 1532–49.
  • Korenromp EL, Scano F, Williams BG, Dye C, Nunn P. Effects of human immunodeficiency virus infection on recurrence of tuberculosis after rifampin-based treatment: an analytical review. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37: 101–12.
  • Pluguez-Turull CW, Nanyes JE, Quintero CJ, et al. Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: manifestations at multimodality imaging and pitfalls. Radiographics 2018; 38: 330-56.
  • Prasad S, Jaiprakash P, Dave A, Pai D. Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: an institutional experience. Turk J Surg 2017; 33: 100-3.
  • Elsiddig KE, Khalil EA, Elhag IA, et al. Granulomatous mammary disease: ten years’ experience with fine needle aspiration cytology. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2003; 7: 365–9.
  • Harris SH, Khan MA, Khan R, Haque F, Syed A, Ansari MM. Mammary tuberculosis: analysis of thirty-eight patients. ANZ J Surg 2006; 76: 234–7.
  • Van Keirsbilck J, Riphagen I, Struyven H, et al. Bilateral mammary tuberculosis associated with a borderline ovarian tumor. Breast Care 2008; 3: 200–3.
  • Ruiz-Moreno JL, Peña-Santos G. Bilateral tuberculous mastitis nulliparous patient, initially treated as idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Ginecol Obstet Mex 2012; 80: 228–31.
  • Yanamandra U, Pathak N, Naithani N, Grover N, Nair V. Tuberculosis of breast: unusual manifestation of tuberculosis. J Infect Chemother 2012; 18: 109–11.
  • Quaglio G, Pizzol D, Isaakidis P, et al. Breast tuberculosis in women: a systematic review. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019; 101: 12-21.
  • Olu-Eddo AN, Ugiagbe EE. Benign breast lesion in an African population. Niger Med J 2011; 52: 211–6.
  • Amin AL, Purdy AC, Mattingly JD, Kong AL, Termuhlen PM. Benign breast disease. Surg Clin North Am 2013; 93: 299–308.
  • Nemenqani D, Yaqoob N. Fine needle aspiration cytology of inflammatory breast lesions. J Pak Med Assoc 2009; 59: 167–70.
  • Kataria SP, Sharma J, Singh G, Kumar S, Malik S, Kumar V. Primary breast mucormycosis: FNAC diagnosis of a rare entity. Diagn Cytopathol 2016; 44: 761–3.
  • Gupta D, Rajwanshi A, Gupta SK, Nijhawan R, Saran RK, Singh R. Fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of tuberculous mastitis. Acta Cytol 1999; 43: 191–4.
  • Kakkar S, Kapila K, Singh MK, Verma K. Tuberculosis of the breast. A cytomorphologic study. Acta Cytol 2000; 44: 292–6.
  • Jalali U, Rasul S, Khan A, Baig N, Khan A, Akhter R. Tuberculous mastitis. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2005; 15: 234–7.
  • Sinha R, Rahul. Breast tuberculosis. Indian J Tuberc 2019; 66: 6-11.
  • Shinde SR, Chandawarkar RY, Deshmukh SP. Tuberculosis of the breast masquerading as carcinoma: a study of 100 patients. World J Surg 1995; 19: 379–81.

Breast tuberculosis: analysis of 24 patients

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 88 - 93, 17.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1005328

Abstract

Introduction: Breast tuberculosis is a disease that is difficult to diagnose with its clinical appearance and can be confused with breast abscesses and breast carcinomas. In this study, we aimed to analyze 24 patients diagnosed with breast tuberculosis, followed up and treated.
Material and Method: Among 4489 patients examined in the breast diseases outpatient clinic between January 2012 and December 2020, patients diagnosed with breast tuberculosis were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic, clinical features, radiological findings, histopathological and microbiological findings of the patients were recorded. Diagnosis, treatment protocols and treatment outcomes were evaluated.
Results: A total of 24 breast tuberculosis cases were analyzed in the study. The mean age was 41.6 (28-64 years) and all patients were diagnosed for the first time. There was a history of oral contraceptive use in 10 patients. Among patients, 19 of them were in the reproductive age, and five patients were in the postmenopausal period. Four patients were in lactating period. On physical examination, breast mass was detected in 16 (67%) patients, abscess was present in 5 patients (20.8%), and sinus and discharge were evident in three patients (12.5%). Breast ultrasonography revealed a breast mass in 16 patients (67%), abscess in eight patients (33%), and axillary lymphadenopathy in six patients (25%). The diagnosis was made by core biopsy in 10 (41.6%) patients, fine-needle aspiration biopsy in three patients (12.5%), and incisional biopsy in 11 patients (45.8%). All patients were given quadruple antituberculosis therapy in the first 2 months for 9 months, and double antituberculosis therapy for 7 months. In addition to antituberculosis treatment, mass excision was performed in three patients (12.5%), segmental mastectomy in one patient (4.1%), simple mastectomy in one patient (4.1%), and abscess drainage were completed in eight patients (33.3%). Cure was achieved in all patients after treatment.
Conclusion: Breast tuberculosis is a rare disease that can be difficult to diagnose unless the disease itself is suspected. As the diagnosis of the disease is delayed, the disease becomes complicated and the need for surgical treatment increases as well as medical treatment. Although there are different opinions about the duration of the treatment, in our study, cure was achieved with 9 months of treatment and no recurrence was observed in the 1-year follow-up. Since 10 patients had a history of oral contraceptive use, further research is needed to understand whether oral contraceptive use is a predisposing factor in the development of breast tuberculosis.

References

  • World Health Organization (WHO). Global tuberculosis report 2020. New York: WHO. 14 Oct 2020.
  • Baharoon S. Tuberculosis of the breast. Ann Thorac Med 2008; 3: 110–4.
  • Cooper. Illustrations of the diseases of the breast, part I. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green, 1829: 73.
  • Kalac N, Ozkan B, Bayiz H. Brest tuberculosis. Breast 2002; 11: 346–9.
  • Bouti K, Soualhi M, Marc K, et al. Postmenopausal breast tuberculosis—report of four cases. Breast Care (Basel) 2012; 7: 411-3.
  • Kessler E, Woolloch Y. Granulomatous mastitis: a lesion clinically simulating carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol 1972; 58: 642–6.
  • Marinopoulos S, Lourantou D, Gatzionis T, Dimitrakakis C, Papaspyrou I, Antsaklis A. Breast tuberculosis: diagnosis, management and treatment. Int J Surg Case Rep 2012; 3: 548–50.
  • Khanna R, Prasanna GV, Gupta P, Kumar M, Khanna S, Khanna AK. Mammary tuberculosis: report on 52 cases.Postgrad Med J 2002; 78: 422–4.
  • Bani-Hani KE, Yaghan RJ, Matalka II, Mazahreh TS. Tuberculous mastitis: a disease not to be forgotten. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2005; 9: 920–5.
  • Gupta D, Rajwanshi A, Gupta SK, Nijhawan R, Saran RK, Singh R. Fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of tuberculous mastitis. Acta Cytol 1999; 43: 191–4.
  • Tewari M, Shukla HS. Breast tuberculosis: diagnosis, clinical features and management. Indian J Med Res 2005; 122: 103–10.
  • Zandrino F, Monetti F, Gandolfo N. Primary tuberculosis of the breast. A case report. Acta Radiol 2000; 41: 61–3.
  • Luh SP, Hsu JD, Lai YS, Chen SW. Primary tuberculous infection of breast: experiences of surgical resection for aged patients and review of literature. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2007; 8: 580–3.
  • Indumathi CK, Alladi A, Dinakar C, Rout PL. Tuberculosis of the breast in an adolescent girl: a rare presentation. J Trop Pediatr 2007; 53: 133–4.
  • Bianco SR, Gurgel RL, Tavares Mde A. Radiological aspects of primary tuberculosis in the breast: a case report and review of the literature. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2009; 42: 203–5.
  • Walker M. Conquering common breast-feeding problems. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2008; 22: 267–74.
  • Mathad JS, Gupta A. Tuberculosis in pregnant and postpartum women: epidemiology, management, and research gaps. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 55: 1532–49.
  • Korenromp EL, Scano F, Williams BG, Dye C, Nunn P. Effects of human immunodeficiency virus infection on recurrence of tuberculosis after rifampin-based treatment: an analytical review. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37: 101–12.
  • Pluguez-Turull CW, Nanyes JE, Quintero CJ, et al. Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: manifestations at multimodality imaging and pitfalls. Radiographics 2018; 38: 330-56.
  • Prasad S, Jaiprakash P, Dave A, Pai D. Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: an institutional experience. Turk J Surg 2017; 33: 100-3.
  • Elsiddig KE, Khalil EA, Elhag IA, et al. Granulomatous mammary disease: ten years’ experience with fine needle aspiration cytology. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2003; 7: 365–9.
  • Harris SH, Khan MA, Khan R, Haque F, Syed A, Ansari MM. Mammary tuberculosis: analysis of thirty-eight patients. ANZ J Surg 2006; 76: 234–7.
  • Van Keirsbilck J, Riphagen I, Struyven H, et al. Bilateral mammary tuberculosis associated with a borderline ovarian tumor. Breast Care 2008; 3: 200–3.
  • Ruiz-Moreno JL, Peña-Santos G. Bilateral tuberculous mastitis nulliparous patient, initially treated as idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Ginecol Obstet Mex 2012; 80: 228–31.
  • Yanamandra U, Pathak N, Naithani N, Grover N, Nair V. Tuberculosis of breast: unusual manifestation of tuberculosis. J Infect Chemother 2012; 18: 109–11.
  • Quaglio G, Pizzol D, Isaakidis P, et al. Breast tuberculosis in women: a systematic review. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019; 101: 12-21.
  • Olu-Eddo AN, Ugiagbe EE. Benign breast lesion in an African population. Niger Med J 2011; 52: 211–6.
  • Amin AL, Purdy AC, Mattingly JD, Kong AL, Termuhlen PM. Benign breast disease. Surg Clin North Am 2013; 93: 299–308.
  • Nemenqani D, Yaqoob N. Fine needle aspiration cytology of inflammatory breast lesions. J Pak Med Assoc 2009; 59: 167–70.
  • Kataria SP, Sharma J, Singh G, Kumar S, Malik S, Kumar V. Primary breast mucormycosis: FNAC diagnosis of a rare entity. Diagn Cytopathol 2016; 44: 761–3.
  • Gupta D, Rajwanshi A, Gupta SK, Nijhawan R, Saran RK, Singh R. Fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of tuberculous mastitis. Acta Cytol 1999; 43: 191–4.
  • Kakkar S, Kapila K, Singh MK, Verma K. Tuberculosis of the breast. A cytomorphologic study. Acta Cytol 2000; 44: 292–6.
  • Jalali U, Rasul S, Khan A, Baig N, Khan A, Akhter R. Tuberculous mastitis. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2005; 15: 234–7.
  • Sinha R, Rahul. Breast tuberculosis. Indian J Tuberc 2019; 66: 6-11.
  • Shinde SR, Chandawarkar RY, Deshmukh SP. Tuberculosis of the breast masquerading as carcinoma: a study of 100 patients. World J Surg 1995; 19: 379–81.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Tibel Tuna 0000-0003-4386-8259

Serdar Coşkun 0000-0002-7238-6032

Publication Date January 17, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

AMA Tuna T, Coşkun S. Breast tuberculosis: analysis of 24 patients. J Health Sci Med / JHSM. January 2022;5(1):88-93. doi:10.32322/jhsm.1005328

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