The performance of various serum parameters in blood during the first trimester in the early detection of pre-eclampsia

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 451 - 458, 30.07.2024

Büşra Demir Çendek , Tuğba Ağbal , Arife Akay , Müjde Can İbanoğlu , Yaprak Engin Üstün

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1500190

Abstract

Aims: The aim of this study is to examine the alterations in various serum parameters within the circulatory system throughout the first trimester and assess their efficacy in identifying pre-eclampsia at an early stage.
Methods: This retrospective analysis undertook an examination of the medical records pertaining to 225 pregnancies that met the eligibility criteria at a tertiary referral center, spanning the years 2018 to 2021. Furthermore, an examination of laboratory parameters during the first trimester was performed, which included neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index, pan-immune inflammation value, AST-to-platelet ratio index, delta neutrophil index, and prognostic nutritional index (PNI). A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off values for inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers to predict early- onset pre-eclampsia.
Results: The group of individuals with early-onset pre-eclampsia displayed notably elevated levels of neutrophil, lymphocyte, PCT, MPV, ALT, and creatinine, while displaying significantly reduced levels of albumin, bilirubin, PLR, MLR, and PNI (p<0.05, for all). The statistical significance of the area under the curve for PNI, albumin, PLR, MLR, and bilirubin values was observed to be greater than 0.5 (p<0.05, for all).
Conclusion: This article is the first to examine the efficacy of the first trimester PNI value in early detection of pre-eclampsia patients. According to this study, PNI, albumin, PLR, MLR, and bilirubin show potential as useful indicators for predicting the likelihood of developing pre-eclampsia at an early stage in the first trimester.

Keywords

Serum markers, pregnancy, first trimester, high-risk, pre-eclampsia

Ethical Statement

Approval to conduct the study was obtained from the Health Sciences University Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Maternity, Teaching and Research Hospital Local Ethics Committee (Date: 28.02.2024, Decision No: 02) and was conducted following the guidelines of the Helsinki Declaration.

Supporting Institution

None.

Thanks

None.

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