Assessment of Heavy Metals Bioavailability in Stream Sediments around A Gold Mining Environment in South-western Nigeria

Year 2016, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 139 - 147, 30.06.2016

O.w. Makinde T.a. Adesiyan İ.o. Olabanji İ.a. Tunbosun K.t Ogundele O. Adelowotan E.a. Oluyemi

Abstract

In order to estimate
environmental effects and the associated health risk of some of the metals
determined in stream sediment samples in the mining area, the abundance of
fractions of some of these metals: Cd, Pb, Fe, Cr and Cu that are bioavailable
were determined using the modified Tessier extraction scheme. X-ray fluorescence
spectrometer (XRF) was used in determining the total concentration of metals in
sediments while metals concentrations in extracted fractions were determined
with the use of atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Results obtained revealed different metals to be
partitioned in different percentages in the fractions. The bulk of the metals
were retained in the residual fraction for metals like Pb, Cd, Cr and Fe while
only Cu has a greater percentage of the metal retained in the fraction bound to
organic matter and sulphide and this is due to the affinity of the metal to
organic compounds reacting to form stable complexes. Partitioning of the metals
in the labile fractions is a measure of their bioavailability in sediments to
benthic organisms.

Keywords

Extraction, Bioavailability, Fractions, Partitioning, Residual, Mobility Factor

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