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THE MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICO CHEMICAL QUALITY OF SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER’S OF BUNA RIVER-PROTECTED LANDSCAPE AND VELIPOJA (ALBANIA)

Year 2020, Volume: 15 Issue: 4, 224 - 232, 30.12.2020

Abstract

The hydrographic complex system of Lake Shkoder-River Buna, Velipoja Coast-Viluni lagoon covers a very important wetland area in regional level (South-Eastern Adriatic Sea) and is a key of importance to the natural and socio-economic processes. River Buna is the unique outflow in the south-eastern part of Shkoder Lake, and discharges its waters in Buna delta in Velipoja, 44 km far from Shkoder. The main activities in the region are agriculture, fishing, stock raising and tourism. Main threats of surface and groundwater’s in this area are anthropogenic pollution, effluent generated by livestock, precipitations etc. This paper aims providing some evaluations to water quality in terms of physical-chemical and microbial pollution of the surface and ground water in that region. In the frame of water quality assessment in Buna river-Velipoja protected landscape, were organized six sampling campaigns respectively on April –July 2019. The assessment of water quality in the Buna Delta Velipoja-Protected Landscape, was done by analyzing of thirteen physical-chemical parameters and microbiological analyses (E.coli) in seven sampling stations of surface water and four sampling stations for underground water. The quality of surface water is indicated from wastewater direct discharges of Shkoder city in river Buna and ground water quality mainly form agriculture. The parameters that were higher than EU standards were E. coli during summer time for both surface and groundwaters and Cl-, conductivity as a result of intrusion of saline water into freshwater aquifers. Surface and underground water’s of Buna river-Velipoja protected landscape plays an important ecological role in ecosystem preservation. Underground waters are widely used by the resident population for agricultural purposes and drinking. This region is risked by anthropogenic activities which affect the quality of natural water ecosystems.

References

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  • 2. APHA/AWWA/WPCF (1998) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 20th Edition. Part 9010. Microbiological examination. American Public Health Association, Washington DC, Bartram J, Rees G, (2000) A practical guide to the design and implementation of assessments and monitoring programmes, Monitoring bathing waters-first publishing 2000, 105-149.
  • 3. CEMSA PROJECT, 2012. Groundwater Monitoring In Albania Draft, May 2012. EuropeAid/128449/C/SER/AL – IPA 2008.
  • 4. Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption.
  • 5. D. REGNER, N. VUKSANOVIC, B. STJEPCEVIC, M. DUTINA, D. JOKSIMOVIC (2002): Sea water quality and the level of eutrophication in the Montenegrin coastal sea. Stud. Mar., 23,1: 71-78.
  • 6. ISO 9308-2 (1990) Detection and enumeration of coliform organisms, thermotolerant coliform organism and presumptive Escherichia coli. First edition. Part 2: Multiple tube (most probable number) method. First edition 1990-10-01.
  • 7. ISO 9308-2 (1990) Detection and enumeration of coliform organisms, thermotolerant coliform organism and presumptive Escherichia coli. First edition. Part 2: Multiple tube (most probable number) method. First edition 1990-10-01.
  • 8. K. HORI, Y. SAITO (2007) Classification, architecture, and evolution of large-river deltas. In: A Gupta (ed), Large Rivers: Geomorphology and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester. doi: 10.1002/9780470723722.ch6.
  • 9. K. TOCKNER, C. URSUEHLINGER, T. ROBINSON (2009) Rivers of Europe. Academic Press, pp 728.
  • 10. K. TODAR, (2007) Pathogenic Escherichia coli, Online Textbook of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
  • 11. Landscape (Albania) Environ Earth Sci DOI 10.1007/s12665-015-4657-3
  • 12. M. BARBIERI, A. GARONE, A. NEZIRI , M. ROSSI, (2015) First groundwater chemical status assessment of the Buna River-Protected.
  • 13. M. RAKAJ, DH. DHORA (2012) Conspicuous values and incisive environmental problems of the Buna river. J Env Prot Eco 13:1366–1374 ISSN: 13115965
  • 14. MS. FINSTEIN (1972). Pollution Microbiology a Laboratory Manual, Marcel Dekker, New York, p. 273.
Year 2020, Volume: 15 Issue: 4, 224 - 232, 30.12.2020

Abstract

References

  • 1. APHA, AWWA, WEF 1998: Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 19th Edition Washington, American Public Health Association.
  • 2. APHA/AWWA/WPCF (1998) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 20th Edition. Part 9010. Microbiological examination. American Public Health Association, Washington DC, Bartram J, Rees G, (2000) A practical guide to the design and implementation of assessments and monitoring programmes, Monitoring bathing waters-first publishing 2000, 105-149.
  • 3. CEMSA PROJECT, 2012. Groundwater Monitoring In Albania Draft, May 2012. EuropeAid/128449/C/SER/AL – IPA 2008.
  • 4. Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption.
  • 5. D. REGNER, N. VUKSANOVIC, B. STJEPCEVIC, M. DUTINA, D. JOKSIMOVIC (2002): Sea water quality and the level of eutrophication in the Montenegrin coastal sea. Stud. Mar., 23,1: 71-78.
  • 6. ISO 9308-2 (1990) Detection and enumeration of coliform organisms, thermotolerant coliform organism and presumptive Escherichia coli. First edition. Part 2: Multiple tube (most probable number) method. First edition 1990-10-01.
  • 7. ISO 9308-2 (1990) Detection and enumeration of coliform organisms, thermotolerant coliform organism and presumptive Escherichia coli. First edition. Part 2: Multiple tube (most probable number) method. First edition 1990-10-01.
  • 8. K. HORI, Y. SAITO (2007) Classification, architecture, and evolution of large-river deltas. In: A Gupta (ed), Large Rivers: Geomorphology and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester. doi: 10.1002/9780470723722.ch6.
  • 9. K. TOCKNER, C. URSUEHLINGER, T. ROBINSON (2009) Rivers of Europe. Academic Press, pp 728.
  • 10. K. TODAR, (2007) Pathogenic Escherichia coli, Online Textbook of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
  • 11. Landscape (Albania) Environ Earth Sci DOI 10.1007/s12665-015-4657-3
  • 12. M. BARBIERI, A. GARONE, A. NEZIRI , M. ROSSI, (2015) First groundwater chemical status assessment of the Buna River-Protected.
  • 13. M. RAKAJ, DH. DHORA (2012) Conspicuous values and incisive environmental problems of the Buna river. J Env Prot Eco 13:1366–1374 ISSN: 13115965
  • 14. MS. FINSTEIN (1972). Pollution Microbiology a Laboratory Manual, Marcel Dekker, New York, p. 273.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Environment and Culture
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nevila Bushati

Anila Neziri This is me

Publication Date December 30, 2020
Acceptance Date January 4, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 15 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Bushati, N., & Neziri, A. (2020). THE MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICO CHEMICAL QUALITY OF SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER’S OF BUNA RIVER-PROTECTED LANDSCAPE AND VELIPOJA (ALBANIA). Journal of International Environmental Application and Science, 15(4), 224-232.
AMA Bushati N, Neziri A. THE MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICO CHEMICAL QUALITY OF SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER’S OF BUNA RIVER-PROTECTED LANDSCAPE AND VELIPOJA (ALBANIA). J. Int. Environmental Application & Science. December 2020;15(4):224-232.
Chicago Bushati, Nevila, and Anila Neziri. “THE MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICO CHEMICAL QUALITY OF SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER’S OF BUNA RIVER-PROTECTED LANDSCAPE AND VELIPOJA (ALBANIA)”. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science 15, no. 4 (December 2020): 224-32.
EndNote Bushati N, Neziri A (December 1, 2020) THE MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICO CHEMICAL QUALITY OF SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER’S OF BUNA RIVER-PROTECTED LANDSCAPE AND VELIPOJA (ALBANIA). Journal of International Environmental Application and Science 15 4 224–232.
IEEE N. Bushati and A. Neziri, “THE MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICO CHEMICAL QUALITY OF SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER’S OF BUNA RIVER-PROTECTED LANDSCAPE AND VELIPOJA (ALBANIA)”, J. Int. Environmental Application & Science, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 224–232, 2020.
ISNAD Bushati, Nevila - Neziri, Anila. “THE MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICO CHEMICAL QUALITY OF SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER’S OF BUNA RIVER-PROTECTED LANDSCAPE AND VELIPOJA (ALBANIA)”. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science 15/4 (December 2020), 224-232.
JAMA Bushati N, Neziri A. THE MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICO CHEMICAL QUALITY OF SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER’S OF BUNA RIVER-PROTECTED LANDSCAPE AND VELIPOJA (ALBANIA). J. Int. Environmental Application & Science. 2020;15:224–232.
MLA Bushati, Nevila and Anila Neziri. “THE MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICO CHEMICAL QUALITY OF SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER’S OF BUNA RIVER-PROTECTED LANDSCAPE AND VELIPOJA (ALBANIA)”. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science, vol. 15, no. 4, 2020, pp. 224-32.
Vancouver Bushati N, Neziri A. THE MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICO CHEMICAL QUALITY OF SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER’S OF BUNA RIVER-PROTECTED LANDSCAPE AND VELIPOJA (ALBANIA). J. Int. Environmental Application & Science. 2020;15(4):224-32.

“Journal of International Environmental Application and Science”