Ahıska (Meskhetian) Türkleri Arasında Diaspora, Ulusötesilik ve Etnik Kimlik: Tarihsel Köklerin, Güncel Sorunların ve Türkiye'nin Yeniden Yerleşimdeki Rolünün Araştırılması

Year 2025, Issue: 13, 1 - 23, 30.04.2025

Okan Kaymak

Abstract

Ahıska (Meskhetian) Türkleri, göç, yerinden edilme ve diaspora gibi karmaşık bir geçmişe sahip olan benzersiz bir etnik gruptur. Aslen Gürcistan'ın Meskheti bölgesinden gelmektedirler. (Suny, 1994, s. 48) 20. yüzyılın ortalarında yaşanan zorunlu göçler ve siyasi çalkantılar sonrasında, birçok Ahıska Türkü, atalarının vatanından yerinden edilmiş ve Türkiye, Özbekistan, Kazakistan, Azerbaycan, Kırgızistan, Rusya, Ukrayna ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri gibi çeşitli ülkelere dağılmış bir diaspora topluluğu haline gelmiştir. (Aydıngün ve diğerleri, 2006a; Swerdlow, 2006; Bilge, 2011; Trier, Tarkhan-Mouravi ve Forrst Kilimnik, 2011, s. 55) Bu yerinden edilme ve ardından gelen dağılma, atalarına olan güçlü bir bağlılık ile diasporaları ve ev sahibi toplumla dinamik bir etkileşimle karakterize edilen belirgin bir Ahıska Türkü transnasyonal kimliğin ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştır. (Aydıngün, 2014, s. 8)

Keywords

Ahıska Türkleri , Diaspora , Ulusötesilik , Etnik Kimlik , Entegrasyon

Diaspora, Transnationalism, and Ethnical Identity Among Ahıska (Meskhetian) Turks: Exploring Historical Roots, Contemporary Issues, and Türkiye’s Role in Resettlement

Abstract

The Ahıska (Meskhetian) Turks are a unique ethnic group with a complex history of migration, displacement, and diaspora. They originally hailed from the Meskheti region of Georgia. (Suny, 1994, p. 48) Following a series of forced migrations and political upheavals in the mid-20th century, many Ahıska Turks were displaced from their ancestral homeland and became a dispersed diaspora community scattered across various countries, including Türkiye, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Ukraine, and the United States. (Aydıngün et al., 2006a; Swerdlow, 2006; Bilge, 2011; Trier, Tarkhan-Mouravi and Forrst Kilimnik, 2011, p. 55) This displacement and subsequent dispersion have led to the emergence of a distinct Ahıska Turkish transnational identity, characterized by a strong sense of attachment to their ancestral homeland, as well as a dynamic engagement with their diaspora and the host society. (Aydıngün, 2014, p. 8)

Keywords

Ahıska (Meskhetian) Turks , Diaspora , Transnationalism , Ethnical Identity , Integration

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