Hava kalitesi modellerinin gemi emisyon tahminlerinde kullanılması üzerine bir araştırma

Abstract

Günümüz dünya ticareti denizyolu temelinde işlemektedir. Deniz taşımacılığının çevresel etkileriyle mücadele ise bugün küresel bir endişe haline gelmiştir. Denizlerin Gemilerden Kirlenmesini Önleme Uluslararası Sözleşmesi (MARPOL) Ek VI, gemilerden kaynaklanan hava kirliliğinin önlenmesine ilişkin kuralları içermektedir. Hava kirliliği MARPOL’ün diğer eklerine göre daha soyut bir kirliliği ifade etmektedir. Bu bağlamda ilk ve en kritik adım hava kirliliğinin ölçülmesidir. Günümüzde geleneksel, yakıt bazlı yaklaşım yerine gemi emisyonlarını bireysel gemi faaliyet verileriyle hesaplamak mümkündür. Bu hesaplama için en ideal veri kaynaklarından biri AIS verisidir. Literatürde cevaplanması gereken kritik soru, AIS verileri kullanılarak en yüksek çözünürlüklü çıktının nasıl elde edileceğidir. Burada hava kalitesi modellemesi stratejik önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, gemi emisyon hesaplamasında kullanılan hava kalitesi modelleri PRISMA metodu ile incelenmiş ve en yaygın kullanılan Eulerian ve Lagrangian modeller tartışılmıştır. Bu amaçla gemi emisyon hesaplamasında AIS verilerini kullanan çalışmalar Scopus veri tabanı üzerinden ayrıştırılmış ve hava kalitesi modelleme çalışmaları filtrelenmiştir. Böylece literatürde gemi kaynaklı hava kirliliği çalışmalarında kullanılan hava kalitesi modellerinin profili elde edilmiş ve gelecek çalışmalar için metodolojik bir referans kaynağı oluşturulmuştur.

Keywords

• Hava Kalitesi Modelleme
• Otomatik Tanımlama Sistemi
• Gemi Emisyonları

An Investigation on the use of air quality models in ship emission forecasts

Abstract

Today's world trade operates on the basis of maritime transportation. Combating the environmental impacts of maritime transportation has become a global concern. MARPOL Annex VI contains rules for the prevention of air pollution from ships. Air pollution represents a more abstract pollution than other annexes of MARPOL. In this context, the first and most critical step is to measure air pollution. Nowadays it is possible to calculate ship emissions with individual ship activity data instead of the traditional, fuel-based approach. One of the most ideal data sources for this calculation is AIS data. The critical question to be answered in the literature is how to obtain the highest resolution output using AIS data. Here air quality modelling gains strategic importance. In this study, air quality models used in ship emission calculations were examined with the PRISMA method and the most commonly used Eulerian and Lagrangian models were discussed. For this purpose, studies using AIS data in ship emission calculations were separated through the Scopus database and air quality modelling studies were filtered. Thus, the profile of air quality models used in ship-borne air pollution studies in the literature was obtained and a methodological reference source was created for future studies.

Keywords

• Air quality modelling
• Automatic Identification System
• ship emissions

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