-

Abstract

Over the last decade, the classic concept of three-step bonding to dental tissues has developed rapidly to more user-friendly, simplified adhesive systems. These comprise the two-step total etch and the two step self-etch systems. The latter, initially avaible in two steps, were further reduced to a one step procedure for simpler and faster application. However, despite the user-friendly features of this category of adhesives, bring about a certain disadvantage. The gold standart for evaluating the performance of dental materials are the controlled clinical trial. The constand, rapid evolution of adhesive materials increases the number of long-term clinical trials needed. However, due to increasing costs and the immediate demand for information, there is a need for surrogate methods. The establishment of an in vitro methodology capable of reproducing some in vivo challenges is crucial for better understanding of restorative materials behavior. The use of some methodologies in laboratory studies of dental materials has been considered potantial methods to simulate in vivo challenges. The aim of this study was to review the mechanism of the durability of adhesive interface, the in vitro aging methods in order to simulate the bonding degradation that occurred in the oral environment and the current information and research on dentin adhesives durability.

Keywords

• Dentin adhesive, bond durability, degradation, aging

DENTİN BAĞLAYICI SİSTEMLERİN BAĞLANMA DAYANIKLILIĞINI DEĞERLENDİRME YÖNTEMLERİ

Abstract

Son yıllarda 3 aşamalı total etch sistemler hızla geliştirilerek yerini uygulama aşamaları daha kolay olan 2 aşamalı total etch ve 2 aşamalı self etch sistemlere bırakmıştır. İki aşamalı sistemlerden sonra uygulama aşamaları basitleştirilmiş olan tek aşamalı sistemler geliştirilmiştir. Uygulama aşamaları basit olmasına karşın bu sistemler bir takım dezavantajları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Klinik uygulamalarda sıklıkla kullanılan bu materyallerin performanslarını incelemenin en etkin yolu ise klinik deneylerdir. Adeziv sistem teknolojisindeki hızlı gelişmeler daha fazla sayıda klinik deney ihtiyacını doğurmuştur. Ancak klinik deneylerin yüksek maliyetlerde olması, uzun zaman alması ve materyallerdeki hızlı de- ğişim klinik deneylere alternatif yeni araştırma metotlarının ihtiyacını beraberinde getirmiştir. İn vivo ortamda restoratif materyallerin maruz kaldıkları durumları taklit etmek amacıyla bir takım in vitro metodolojiler geliştirilmiştir. Bu makalenin amacı, restorasyon ara yüzeyinde oluşturulan bağlanmanın yıkılma mekanizması, ağız ortamında meydana gelen bağlanma yıkımını taklit etmek amacıyla oluş- turulan in vitro yaşlandırma yöntemleri ve dentin adezivlerin bağlanma dayanıklılığı ile ilgili güncel bilgi ve araştırmaları derlemektir.

Keywords

• Dentin adeziv, bağlanma dayanıklılığı, yıkım, yaşlanma

References

1. Shirai K, Munck JD, Yoshida Y, Inoue S, Lambrechts P, Suziki K, Shintani H, Meerbeek BV. Effect of cavity configuration and aging on the bonding effectiveness of six adhesives to dentin. Dent Mater, 2005; 21: 110-24. De Munck JD, Landuyt KV, Peumans
2. M,Poitevin A, Lambrechts P, Braem M, Meerbeek BV. A critical review of durability of adhesion to tooth tissue: methods and results. J Dent Res, 2005; 84(2):118-32. Tay FR, Pashley DH. Have dentin adhesives become too hydrophilic? J Can Dent
3. Assoc, 2003; 69: 726-31. Hashimoto M, Ohno H, Kaga M, Endo
4. K, Sano H, Oguchi H. In vivo degradation of resin-dentin bonds in humans over 1 to 3 years. J Dent Res, 2000; 79: 1385-91. Amaral FLB, Colucci V, Palma-Dibb
5. RG, Corona Silmara AM. Assessment of in vitro methods used to promote adhesive interface degradation: a critical review. J Esthet Restor Dent, 2007; 19: 340-54. Gale MS, Darvell BW. Thermal cycling procedures for laboratory testing of dental restorations. J Dent, 1999; 27: 89-99. De Munck JD, Van Meerbeek B, Van
6. Landuyt K, Lambrechts P. Influence of a shock absorbing layer on the fatigue resistance of a dentin-biomaterial interface. Eur J Oral Sci, 2005; 113: 1-6.
7. Sano H. Microtensile testing, nanoleakage, and biodegradation of resin-dentin bonds. J Dent Rest, 2006; 85(1): 11-14.
8. Reis A, Carrilho MRO, Ghaneme E, Pereira PNR, Giannini M, Nikaido T, Tagami J. Effects of water-storage on the physical and ultramorphological features of adhesives and primer/adhesive mixtures. Dent Mater J, 2010; 29(6): 697-705.

9. Breschi L, Mazzoni A, Ruggeri A, Cadenaro M, Di Lenarda R, Dorigo EDS. Dental adhesion review: aging and stability of the bonded interface. Dent Mater, 2008; 24: 90-101.
10. Hashimoto M, Ohno H, Sano H, Kaga M, Oguchi H. In vitro degradation of resindentin bonds analyzed by microtensile bond test, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Biomaterials, 2003; 24: 3795-803. Vaidyanathan TK, Vaidyanathan J. Review Recent Advances in the theory and mechanism of adhesive resin bonding to dentin: a critical review. Appl Biomater, 2009; 88B: 558-78.
11. Giannini M, Arrais CAG, Vermelho PM, Reis RS, Santos LPS, Leite ER. Effects of the solvent evaporation technique on the degree of conversion of one-bottle adhesive systems. Oper Dent, 2008; 33(2): 149-54.
12. Okada T, Ikada Y. In vitro and in vivo digestion of collagen covalently immobilized onto the silicone surface. J Biomed Mater Res, 1992; 26: 1569-81.
13. Soderholm KJ, Richards ND. Wear resistance of composites: a solved problem? Gen Dent, 1998; 46: 256-63.
14. Pashley DH, Tay FR, Yiu C, Hashimoto M, Breschi L, Carvalho RM, Itı S. Collagen degradation by host-derived enzymes during aging. J Dent Res, 2004; 83(3): 216Marshall SJ, Bayne SC, Baier R, Tomsia AP, Marshall GW. A review of adhesion science. Dent Mater, 2010; 26: 11-16. Hashimoto M. A review- Micromorphological evidence of degradation in resin-dentin bonds and potential preventional solutions. Appl Biomater, 2010; 92: 268-80. Tay FR, Pashley DH, Suh BI, Hiraishi
15. N, Yiu CK. Buonocore memorial lecture. Water treeing in simplified dentin adhesivesdeja vu? Oper Dent, 2005; 30: 561-79. Yiu CKY, King NM, Pashley DH, Suc BI, Carvalho RM, Carrilho MRO, Tay
16. FR. Effect of resin hydrophilicity and water storage on resin strength. Biomaterials, 2004; 25: 5789-96. Torkabadi S, Nakajima M, Ikeda M, Foxton RM, Tagami J. Influence of bonded enamel margins on dentin bonding stability of one-step self-etching adhesives. J Adhes
17. Dent, 2009; 11: 347-53. Hashimoto M, Fujita S, Kaga M, Yawaka Y. In vitro durability of one-bottle resin adhesives bonded to dentin. Dent Mater
18. J, 2007; 26(5): 677-86. Hosaka K, Nakajima M, Takahashi
19. M, Itoh S, Ikeda M, Tagami J, Pashley DH. Relationship between mechanical properties of one-step self-etch adhesives and water sorption. Dent Mater, 2010; 26: 360-67. Ito S, Hashimoto M, Wadgaonkar B, Svizero N, Carvalho RM, Yiu C. Effects of resin hydrophilicity on water sorption and changes in modulus of elasticity. Biomaterials, 2005; 26: 6449-59. Tay FR, Pashley DH, Suh BI, Carvalho RM, Itthagarun A. Single-step adhesives are permeable membranes. J Dent, 2002; 30: 371-82. Tay FR, Pashley DH. Water treeing
20. – a potential mechanism for degradation of dentin adhesives. Am J Dent, 2003; 16: 6-12. Toledano M, Osorio R, Osorio E, Aguilera FS, Yamauti M, Pashley DH, Tay FR.
21. Durability of resin-dentin bonds: effects of direct/indirect exposure and storage media. Dent Mater, 2007; 23: 885-92.
22. Meerbeek BV, Peumans M, Poitevin A, Mine A, Ende AV, Neves A, Munck JD. Relationship between bond strength tests and clinical outcomes. Dent Mater, 2010; 26: 100-21.
23. Ohno H, Araki Y, Endo K, Yamane Y, Kawasahima I. Evaluation of water durability at adhesion ınterfaces by peeling test of resin film. Dent Mater J, 1996; 15(2): 183-92. Cenci MS, Venturini D, Cenci TP, Piva E, Demarco FF. The effect of polishing techniques and time on the surface characteristics and sealing ability of resin composite restorations after one-year storage. Oper Dent, 2008; 33: 169-76.
24. Fukushima T, Inoue Y, Miyazaki K, Itoh T. Effect of primers containing N methylolacrylamide or N-methylolmethacrylamide on dentin bond durability of a resin composite after 5 years. J Dent, 2001; 29: 227-34. De Munck J, Van Meerbeek B, Yoshida Y, Inoue S, Vargas M, Suzuki K. Four-year water degradation of total-etch adhesives bonded to dentin. J Dent Res, 2003; 82: 136
25. Ferracane JL, Berge HX, Condon JR. In vitro aging of dental composites in watereffect of degree of conversion, filler volume, and filler/matrix coupling. J Biomed Mater Res, 1998; 42: 465-72.
26. Santerre JP, Shajii L, Leung BW. Relation of dental composite formulations to their degradation and the release of hydrolyzed polymeric-resin-derived products. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med, 2001; 12: 136-51.
27. Burrow MF, Satoh M, Tagami J. Dentin bond durability after three years using a dentin bonding agent with and without priming. Dent Mater, 1996; 12: 302-307.
28. Armstrong SR, Keller JC, Boyer DB. Mode of failure in the dentinadhesive resinresin composite bonded joint as determined by strengthbased (µTBS) and fracture-based (CNSB) mechanical testing. Dent Mater, 2001; 17: 201-10. Shono Y, Terashita M, Shimada J, Kozono Y, Carvalho RM, Russell CM. Durability of resin-dentin bonds. J Adhes Dent, 1999; 1: 211-18. Kitasako Y, Burrow MF, Nikaido T, Tagami J. The influence of storage solution on dentin bond durability of resin cement.
29. Dent Mater, 2000; 16: 1-6. Finer Y, Santerre JP. Salivary esterase activity and its association with the biodegradation of dental composites. J Dent Res, 2004; 83: 22-26. Frankenberger R, Krämer N, Petschelt
30. A. Long-term effect of dentin primers on enamel bond strength and marginal adaptation. Oper Dent, 2000; 25: 11-19. Armstrong SR, Keller JC, Boyer DB.
31. The influence of water storage and C-factor on the dentin-resin composite microtensile bond strength and debonded pathway utilizing a filled and unfilled adhesive resin. Dent Mater, 2001; 17: 268-76. Nunes TG, Ceballos L, Ososrio R, Toledano M. Spatially-resolved photopolymerization kinetics and oxygen inhibition in dntal adhesives. Biomaterials, 2005; 26: 1809 De Munck J, Mine A, Poitevin A, Van Ende A, Cardoso MV, Van Landuyt KL.
32. Meta-analytical review of parameters involved in dentin bonding. J Dent Res, 2012; 91: 351-57. Leloup G, D’Hoore W, Bouter D, Degrange M, Vreven J. Meta-analytical review of factors involved in dentin adherence.
33. J Dent Res, 2001; 80: 1605-14. Tjaderhane L, Nascimento FD, Breschi L, Mazzoni A, Tersariol IL, Geraldeli S, Tezvergil-Mutluay A, Carrilho MR, Carvalho RM, Tay FR, Pashley DH. Optimizing dentin bond durability: control of collogen degradation by matrix metalloproteinases and cysteine cathepsins. Dent Mater, 2013; 29(1): 116-35.
34. Reis A, Loguercio AD, Carvalho RM, Grande RHM. Durability of resin dentin interfaces: effets of surface moisture and adhesive solvent component. Dent Mater, 2004; 20: 669-76.
35. Hashimoto M, Fujita S, Kaga M, Yawaka Y. Effect of water on bonding of onebottle self-etching adhesives. Dent Mater J, 2008; 27(2): 172-78.
36. Hashimoto M, Ohno H, Sano H, Tay FR, Kaga M, Kudou Y, Oguchi H, Araki Y, Kubato M. Micromorphological changes in resin-dentin bonds after 1 year water storage. J Biomed Mater Res, 2002; 63: 306-11.
37. Gamborgi GP, Loguercio AD, Reis A. Influence of enamel border and regional variability on durability of resin-dentin bonds. J Dent, 2007; 35: 371-76.
38. Heitze SD. Clinical relevance of tests on bond strength, microleakage and marginal adaptation. Dent Mater, 2013; 29(1): 59-84. Hashimoto M, Fujita S, Nagano F, Ohno H, Endo K. Ten-years degradation of resin-dentin bonds. Eur J Oral Sci, 2010; 118: 404-10.
39. Reis A, Grandi V, Carlotto L, Bortoli G, Patzlaff R, Lourdes M, Loguercio AD. Effect of smear layer thicness and acidity of self-etching solitions on erly and long term bond strength to dentin. J Dent, 2005; 33: 549-59.
40. Paul SJ, Leach M, Rueggerberg FA, Pashley DH. Effect of water content on the physical properties of model dentin primer and bonding resins. J Dent, 1999; 27: 209-14. Sadek FT, Goracci C, Cardoso PEC, Tay FR, Ferrari M. Microtensile bond strength of current dentin adhesives measured immediately and 24 hours after application. J Adhes Dent, 2005; 7: 297-302. Reis A, Cardoso P, Vieira L, Baratieri
41. L, Grande R, Loguercio AD. Effect of prolonged application times on the durability of resin-dentin bonds. Dent Mater, 2008; 24: 639-44. Toledano M, Proença JP, Erhardt
42. MCG, Osorio E, Aguilera FS, Osorio R, Tay FR. Increases in dentin-bond strength if doubling application time of an acetonecontaining one step adhesive. Oper Dent, 2007; 32(2): 133-37. Cardoso Pde C, Loguercio AD, Vieira
43. LC, Baratieri LN, Reis A. Effect of prolonged application times on resin-dentin bond strengths. J Adhes Dent, 2005; 7: 143-49. Sano H, Yoshikawa T, Pereira PN, Kanemura N, Morigami M, Tagami J, Pashley
44. DH. Long-term durability of dentin bonds made with a self etching primer, in vivo. J Dent Res, 1999; 78(4): 906-11. Mitsui FHO, Peris AR, Caavalcanti
45. AN, Marchi GM, Pimenta LAF. Influence of thermal and mechanical load cycling on microtensile bond strenhths of total and selfetching adhesive systems. Oper Dent, 2006; 31(2): 240-47. Miyazaki M, Sato M, Onose H, Moore
46. BK. Influence of thermal cycling on dentin bond strength of two-step bonding systems. Am J Dent, 1998; 11: 118-22. Amano S, Yamamoto A, Tsubota K, Rikuta A, Miyazaki M, Platt JA, Moore BK.
47. Influence of thermal and mechanical load cycling on the microtensile bond strength of self- etching adhesives. Oper Dent, 2006; 31: 616-22. Li H, Burrow MF, Tyas MJ. The effect of thermocycling regimens on the nanoleakage of dentin bonding systems. Dent Mater, 2002; 18: 189-96. Santos PA, Garcia PPNS, PalmaDibb RG. Shear bond strength of adhesive systems-effects of primer and thermocycling. Pesqui Odontol Bras, 2002; 16: 37-42.
48. Nikaido T, Kunzelmann KH, Chen H. Evaluation of thermal cycling and mechanical loading on bond strength of a self-etching primer system to dentin. Dent Mater, 2002; 18: 269-75.
49. Bastioli C, Romano G, Migliaresi C. Water sorption and mechanical properties of composites. Biomaterials, 1990; 11(3): 219Yang B, Adlung R, Ludwig K, Böbmann K, Pashley DH, Kern M. Effect o structural change o collagen fibrils on the durability o dentin bonding. Biomaterials, 2005; 26: 5021-31.
50. Rosales-Leal JI. Microleakage of class V composite restorations placed with etch and rinse and self etching adhesives before and after thermocycling. J Adhes Dent, 2007; 9: 255-59.
51. Dos Santos PA, Garcia PP, PalmaDibb RG. Shear bond strength of adhesive systems to enamel and dentin. Thermocycling influence. J Mater Med, 2005; 16(8): 727Schuckar M, Geurtsen W. Proximocercival adaptation of class II-composite restorations after thermocycling: a quantitative and qualitative study. J Oral Rehabil, 1997; 24: 766-75.
52. Mjör IA, Shen C, Eliasson ST. Placement and replacement of restorations in general dental proctice. Oper Dent, 2002; 27: 117-23.
53. Salz U, Zimmermman J, Zeuner F, Moszner N. Hydrolitic stability of selfetching adhesive systems. J Adhes Dent, 2005; 7: 107-16.
54. Blunck U, Zaslansky P. Effectiveness of all in one adhesive systems tested by thermocycling fallowing short and long term water storage. J Adhes Dent, 2007; 9: 231- Lodovici E, Reis A, Geraldeli S, Ferracane JL, Ballester RY, Filho LER. Does adhesive thickness affect resin-dentin bond strength after thermal/load cycling? Oper
55. Dent, 2009; 34(1): 58-64. Bates JF, Stafford GD, Harrison A.
56. Masticatory function –a review of the literature (II). Speed of the movement of the mandible, rate of chewing and forces developed in chewing. J Oral Rehabil, 1975; 2: 349-61. Frakenberger R, Tay FR. Self-etchand-rinse adhesives: effect of thermomechanical fatigue loading on marginal quality of bonded resin composite restorations. Dent
57. Mater, 2005; 21: 397-412. Abdalla AI, El Zohairy AA, Aboushelib MMN, Feilzer AJ. Influence of thermal and mechanical load cycling on the microtensile bond strength of self- etching adhesives.
58. Am J Dent, 2007; 20: 250-54. Monticelli F, Osorio R, Proença JP, Toledano M. Resistance to degradation of resin-dentin bonds using a one-step HEMAfree adhesive. J Dent, 2007; 35: 181-86. Toledano M, Osorio R, Albaladejo
59. A, Aguilera FS, Osorio E. Differential effect of in vitro degradation on resin-dentin bonds produced by self-etch versus total-etch adhesives. J Biomed Mater Res A, 2006; 77(1): 128-35. Bedran De Castro AK, Pereira PN, Pimenta LA, Thompson JY. Effect of thermal and mechanical load cycling on nanoleakage of class II restorations. J Adhes Dent, 2004; 6: 221-26. Li H, Burrow MF, Tyas MJ. The effect of loading cycling on the nanoleakage of dentin bonding systems. Dent Mater, 2002; 18: 111-19. Nikaido T, Kunzelmann KH, Ogata
60. M, Harada N, Yamaguchi S, Cox CF, Hickel R, Tagami J. The in vitro bond strengths of two adhesive systems in class I cavities of human molars. J Adhes Dent, 2002; 4(1): 31Bedran-De-Castro AK, Pereira PN, Pimenta LA. Long term bond strength of restorations subjected to thermo-mechanical stresses over time. Am J Dent, 2004; 17(5): 337Yamauti M, Hashimoto M, Sano H, Ohno H, Carvalho RM, Kaga M. Degradation of resin-dentin bonds using NaOCl storage. Dent Mater, 2003; 19: 399-405.
61. De Munck J, Ermis RB, Koshiro K, Inoue S, Ikeda T, Sano H, Van Landuyt KL, Meerbeek BV. NaOCI degradation of a HEMA-free all-in-one adhesive bonded to enamel and dentin following two air-blowing techniques. J Dent, 2007; 35(1): 74-83.
62. Sacramento PA, Carvalho FBD, Pascon FM, Borges AFS, Alves MC, Hosoya Y, Rontani RMP. Influence of NaOCI Irrigation and water storage on the degradation and microstructure of resin/primary dentin interface. J Adhes Dent, 2011; 13: 213-20.
63. Toledano M, Perdigao J, Osorio R, Osorio E. Effect of dentin deproteinization on microleakage of class V composite restorations. Oper Dent, 2000; 25: 497-504.
64. Sakae T, Mishima H, Kozawa Y. Changes in bovine dentin mineral with sodium hypochlorite treatment. J Dent Res, 1988; 67(9): 1229-34.
65. Featherstone JDB, O’Really MM, Shariati M, Brugler S. Enhancement of remineralization in vitro and in vivo. In Leach AS editor. Factors relating to demineralization and remineralization of the teeth. Oxford (English): IRL, 1986. p. 23-34.
66. Turssi CP, Hara AT, Serra MC, Rodrigues AL. Effect of storage media upon the surface micromorphology of resin-based restorative materials. J Oral Rehabil, 2002; 29: 864- Hashimoto M, Tay FR, Ohno H, Sano
67. H, Kaga M, Yiu C, Kumagai H, Kudou Y, Kubota M, Oguchi H. SEM and TEM analysis of water degradation of human dentinal collagen. J Biomed Mater Res: Part B, Appl Biomater 2003; 66(1): 287-98. Tjaderhane L, Larjava H, Sorsa T, Uitto VJ, Larmas M, Salo T. The activation and function of host matrix metalloproteinases in dentin matrix breakdown in caries lesions. J Dent Res, 1998; 77(8): 1622-29. Tjaderhane L, Sulkala M, Sorsa T, Teronen O, Larmas M, Salo T. The effect of MMP inhibitor metastat on fissure caries progression in rats. Ann NY Acad Sci, 1999; 878: 686-88. Sulkala M, Wahlgren J, Larmas M, Sorsa T, Teronen O, Salo T, Tjüderhane L.
68. The effects of MMP inhibitors on human salivary MMP activity and caries progression in rats. J Dent Res, 2001; 80(6): 1545-49. Tezvergil-Mutluay A, Agee KA, Hoshika T, Carrilho M, Breschi L, Tjaderhane
69. L. The requirement of zinc and calcium ions for functional MMP activity in demineralized dentin matrices. Dent Mater, 2010; 26: 1059 Tezvergil-Mutluay A, Agee KA, Hoshika T, Tay FR, Pashley DH. The inhibitory effect of polyvinylphosphonic acid on functional matrix metalloproteinase activities in human demineralized dentin. Acta Biomater, 2010; 6(10): 4136-42. Tezvergil-Mutluay A, Mutluay MM, Agee KA, Seseogullari-Dirihan R, Hoshika
70. T, Cadenaro M. Carbodiimide cross-linking inactivates soluble and matrix-bound MMPs, in vitro. J Dent Res, 2012; 91: 192-96. Salz U, Bock T. Testing adhesion of direct restoratives to dental hard tissue: a review. J Adhes Dent, 2010; 12: 343-71. Yazışma Adresi: Neslihan TEKÇE
71. İstanbul Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Diş Hastalıkları ve Tedavisi A.D. 34093 Çapa-Fatih/İSTANBUL Tel: [phone]-30354 e -posta: [e-mail]