CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE STABILITY OF IMPLANTS PLACED AT DIFFERENT SUPRACRESTAL LEVELS

Year 2016, Volume: 50 Issue: 3, 21 - 31, 03.10.2016

Alper Gültekin Ali Şirali Pınar Gültekin Selim Ersanlı

https://doi.org/10.17096/jiufd.96003

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability during healing and before loading of implants placed at two different supracrestal levels according to their collar texture.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included patients who received posterior implants with the same macro design. Implants with a machined collar were placed 0.3 mm above the crestal bone (M group), while those with a laser-microtextured collar were placed 1 mm above the crestal bone (L group). All implants healed in a single stage with healing abutments. Implant stability quotient (ISQ) values were determined using resonance frequency analysis immediately after implant placement during surgery and after 1, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. Other evaluated factors for stability included the implant diameter and length and the site of placement (maxilla or mandible).

Results: In total, 103 implants (47 L, 56 M) were evaluated. The median ISQ values at baseline and 1 week after placement were significantly higher for the M group than for the L group (p=0.006 and p=0.031, respectively). There were no differences at the subsequent observation points. The ISQ value was higher for wide-diameter than regular diameter (p=0.001) and mandibular implants than maxillary implants (p=0.001 at 0-8. weeks; p=0.012 at 12 weeks) at all observation points. When diameter data were neglected, the implant length did not influence the ISQ value at all observation points.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that submerging implant more inside bone may only influence primary stability. Moreover, the implant diameter and site of placement influence primary and secondary stability before loading, whereas the implant length does not when its diameter is not accounted for.

Keywords

Dental implant, implant stability quotient, supracrestal level; bone–implant interface; osseointegration

References

• Sennerby L, Roos J. Surgical determinants of clinical success of osseointegrated oral implants: A review of the literature. Int J Prosthodont 1998;11(5):408-420.
• Atsumi M, Park SH, Wang HL. Methods used to assess implant stability: Current status. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2007;22(5):743-754.
• Meredith N. Assessment of implant stability as a prognostic determinant. Int J Prosthodont 1998;11(5):491-501.
• Meredith N, Alleyne D, Cawley P. Quantitative determination of the stability of the implant-tissue interface using resonance frequency analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res 1996;7(3):261-267.
• Barewal RM, Oates TW, Meredith N, Cochran DL. Resonance frequency measurement of implant stability in vivo on implants with a sandblasted and acid-etched surface. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2003;18(5):641-651.
• Abrahamsson I, Berglundh T, Linder E, Lang NP, Lindhe J. Early bone formation adjacent to rough and turned endosseous implant surfaces. An experimental study in the dog. Clin Oral Implants Res 2004;15(4):381-392.
• Albrektsson T, Zarb GA. Current interpretations of the osseointegrated response: Clinical significance. Int J Prosthodont 1993;6(2):95-105.
• Gultekin BA, Gultekin P, Leblebicioglu B, Basegmez C, Yalcin S. Clinical evaluation of marginal bone loss and stability in two types of submerged dental implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2013;28(3):815-823.
• Deli G, Petrone V, De Risi V, Tadic D, Zafiropoulos GG. Longitudinal implant stability measurements based on resonance frequency analysis after placement in healed or regenerated bone. J Oral Implantol 2014;40(4):438-447.
• Huwiler MA, Pjetursson BE, Bosshardt DD, Salvi GE, Lang NP. Resonance frequency analysis in relation to jawbone characteristics and during early healing of implant installation. Clin Oral Implants Res 2007;18(3):275-280.
• Sennerby L, Meredith N. Resonance frequency analysis: Measuring implant stability and osseointegration. Compend Contin Educ Dent 1998;19(5):493-498, 500, 502; quiz 504.
• Raghavendra S, Wood MC, Taylor TD. Early wound healing around endosseous implants: A review of the literature. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2005;20(3):425-431.
• Barewal RM, Stanford C, Weesner TC. A randomized controlled clinical trial comparing the effects of three loading protocols on dental implant stability. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2012;27(4):945-956.
• Sennerby L, Meredith N. Implant stability measurements using resonance frequency analysis: Biological and biomechanical aspects and clinical implications. Periodontol 2000 2008;47:51-66.
• Torroella-Saura G, Mareque-Bueno J, Cabratosa-Termes J, Hernandez-Alfaro F, Ferres-Padro E, Calvo-Guirado JL. Effect of implant design in immediate loading. A randomized, controlled, split-mouth, prospective clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2015;26(3):240-244.
• Ostman PO, Hellman M, Wendelhag I, Sennerby L. Resonance frequency analysis measurements of implants at placement surgery. Int J Prosthodont 2006;19(1):77-83; discussion 84.
• Polizzi G, Rangert B, Lekholm U, Gualini F, Lindstrom H. Branemark system wide platform implants for single molar replacement: Clinical evaluation of prospective and retrospective materials. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2000;2(2):61-69.
• Benic GI, Mir-Mari J, Hammerle CH. Loading protocols for single-implant crowns: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2014;29 Suppl:222-238.
• Fischer K, Backstrom M, Sennerby L. Immediate and early loading of oxidized tapered implants in the partially edentulous maxilla: A 1-year prospective clinical, radiographic, and resonance frequency analysis study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2009;11(2):69-80.
• Liaje A, Ozkan YK, Ozkan Y, Vanlioglu B. Stability and marginal bone loss with three types of early loaded implants during the first year after loading. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2012;27(1):162-172.
• Bischof M, Nedir R, Szmukler-Moncler S, Bernard JP, Samson J. Implant stability measurement of delayed and immediately loaded implants during healing. Clin Oral Implants Res 2004;15(5):529-539.
• Bornstein MM, Hart CN, Halbritter SA, Morton D, Buser D. Early loading of nonsubmerged titanium implants with a chemically modified sand-blasted and acid-etched surface: 6-month results of a prospective case series study in the posterior mandible focusing on peri-implant crestal bone changes and implant stability quotient (isq) values. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2009;11(4):338-347.
• Himmlova L, Dostalova T, Kacovsky A, Konvickova S. Influence of implant length and diameter on stress distribution: A finite element analysis. J Prosthet Dent 2004;91(1):20-25.
• Misch CE. Density of bone: Effect on treatment plans, surgical approach, healing, and progressive boen loading. Int J Oral Implantol 1990;6(2):23-31.
• Bayraktar M, Gultekin BA, Yalcin S, Mijiritsky E. Effect of crown to implant ratio and implant dimensions on periimplant stress of splinted implant-supported crowns: A finite element analysis. Implant Dent 2013;22(4):406-413.
• Bogaerde LV, Pedretti G, Sennerby L, Meredith N. Immediate/early function of neoss implants placed in maxillas and posterior mandibles: An 18-month prospective case series study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2010;12 Suppl 1:e83-94.
• Karabuda ZC, Abdel-Haq J, Arisan V. Stability, marginal bone loss and survival of standard and modified sand-blasted, acid-etched implants in bilateral edentulous spaces: A prospective 15-month evaluation. Clin Oral Implants Res 2011;22(8):840-849.