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Year 2017, Volume: 51 Issue: 2, 29 - 36, 02.04.2017

Abstract

References

  • Eagle WW. Symptomatic elongated styloid process: report of two cases of styloid process-carotid artery syndrome with operation. Arch Otolaryngol 1949;49(5):490-503.
  • Fini G, Gasparini G, Filippini F, Becelli R, Marcotullio D. The long styloid process syndrome or Eagle's syndrome. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2000;28(2):123-127.
  • More CB, Asrani MK. Evaluation of the styloid process on digital panoramic radiographs. The Indian J Radiol Imaging 2010;20(4):261-265.
  • Langlais RP, Miles DA, Van Dis ML. Elongated and mineralized stylohyoid ligament complex: a proposed classification and report of a case of Eagle's syndrome. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1986;61(5):527-532.
  • Ferrario VF, Sigurta D, Daddona A, Dalloca L, Miani A, Tafuro F, et al. Calcification of the stylohyoid ligament: incidence and morphoquantitative evaluations. Oral Surgery Oral Med Oral Pathol 1990;69(4):524-529.
  • Ghafari R, Hosseini B, Shirani AM, Manochehrifar H, Saghaie S. Relationship between the elongated styloid process in panoramic radiographs and some of the general health conditions in patients over 40 years of age in the Iranian population. Dental Res J 2012;9(Suppl 1):S52-556.
  • Bozkir MG, Boğa H, Dere F. The evaluation of elongated styloid process in panoramic radiographs in edentulous patients. Turk J Med Sci 1999;29(4):481-486.
  • Keur JJ, Campbell JP, McCarthy JF, Ralph WJ. The clinical significance of the elongated styloid process. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1986;61(4):399-404.
  • Jung T, Tschernitschek H, Hippen H, Schneider B, Borchers L. Elongated styloid process: when is it really elongated? Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2004;33(2):119-124.
  • Rizzatti‐Barbosa CM, Ribeiro MC, Silva‐Concilio LR, Di Hipolito O, Ambrosano GM. Is an elongated stylohyoid process prevalent in the elderly? A radiographic study in a Brazilian population. Gerodontology 2005;22(2):112-115.
  • Okabe S, Morimoto Y, Ansai T, Yamada K, Tanaka T, Awano S, et al. Clinical significance and variation of the advanced calcified stylohyoid complex detected by panoramic radiographs among 80-year-old subjects. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2006;35(3):191-199.
  • MacDonald-Jankowski D. Calcification of the stylohyoid complex in Londoners and Hong Kong Chinese. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2001;30(1):35-39.
  • Kursoglu P, Unalan F, Erdem T. Radiological evaluation of the styloid process in young adults resident in Turkey's Yeditepe University faculty of dentistry. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2005;100(4):491-494.
  • Monsour PA, Young WG. Variability of the styloid process and stylohyoid ligament in panoramic radiographs. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1986;61(5):522-526.
  • İlgüy M, İlgüy D, Güler N, Bayirli G. Incidence of the type and calcification patterns in patients with elongated styloid process. J Int Med Res 2005;33(1):96-102.
  • Watanabe P, Dias F, Issa J, Monteiro S, de Paula F, Tiossi R. Elongated styloid process and atheroma in panoramic radiography and its relationship with systemic osteoporosis and osteopenia. Osteoporos Int 2010;21(5):831-836.
  • Prasad KC, Kamath MP, Reddy KJM, Raju K, Agarwal S. Elongated styloid process (Eagle's syndrome): a clinical study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002;60(2):171-175.
  • Murtagh RD, Caracciolo JT, Fernandez G. CT findings associated with Eagle syndrome. Am J Neuroradiol 2001;22(7):1401-1402.
  • Gokce C, Sisman Y, Sipahioglu M. Styloid process elongation or Eagle's syndrome: is there any role for ectopic calcification? Eur J Dent 2008;2(3):224-228.
  • Savranlar A, Uzun L, Ugur M, Ozer T. Three-dimensional CT of Eagle’s syndrome. Diagn Interv Radiol 2005;11(4):206-209.
  • McDavid W, Tronje G, Welander U, Morris C. Dimensional reproduction in rotational panoramic radiography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1986;62(1):96-101.
  • McDavid W, Welander U, Brent Dove S, Tronjje G. Digital imaging in rotational panoramic radiography. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 1995;24(2):68-75.
  • Tronje G, Welander U, McDavid W, Morris C. Image distortion in rotational panoramic radiography. I. General considerations. Acta radiologica: diagnosis 1981;22(3A):295-299.
  • Tronje G, Welander U, McDavid W, Morris C. Image distortion in rotational panoramic radiography. VI. Distortion effects in sliding systems. Acta Radiol Diagn 1982;23(2):153-160.
  • Tronje G, Eliasson S, Julin P, Welander U. Image distortion in rotational panoramic radiography. II. Vertical distances. Acta Radiol Diagn 1981;22(4):449-455.
  • Gokce C, Sisman Y, Sipahioglu M, Ertas E, Akgunlu F, Unal A, et al. The prevalence of carotid artery calcification on the panoramic radiographs of end-stage renal disease patients with peritoneal dialysis: do incidental findings provide life-saving information? J IntMed Res 2008;36(1):47-53.
  • Bakke M, Holm B, Jensen BL, Michler L, Møller E. Unilateral, isometric bite force in 8‐68‐year‐old women and men related to occlusal factors. Eur J Oral Sci 1990;98(2):149-158.
  • Nalçaci R, Misirlioğlu M. Yaşlı Bireylerde Stiloid Proçesin Radyolojik Olarak Değerlendirilmesi. Atatürk Üniv Dişhek Fak Derg 2006;16(3):1-6.
  • Guo Y, Sun Z, Liu X, Bhandari K, Guo C. Surgical safety distances in the infratemporal fossa: three-dimensional measurement study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015;44(5):555-561.
  • Alpoz E, Akar GC, Celik S, Govsa F, Lomcali G. Prevalence and pattern of stylohyoid chain complex patterns detected by panoramic radiographs among Turkish population. Surg Radiol Anat 2014;36(1):39-46.
  • Roopashri G, Vaishali M, David MP, Baig M, Shankar U. Evaluation of elongated styloid process on digital panoramic radiographs. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(5):618-622.
  • Okabe S, Morimoto Y, Ansai T, Yamada K, Tanaka T, Awano S, et al. Clinical significance and variation of the advanced calcified stylohyoid complex detected by panoramic radiographs among 80-year-old subjects. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2006;35(3):191-199.
  • MacDonald-Jankowski DS. Calcification of the stylohyoid complex in Londoners and Hong Kong Chinese. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2001;30(1):35-39.

EVALUATION OF STYLOID PROCESS MORPHOLOGY AND CALCIFICATION TYPES IN BOTH GENDERS WITH DIFFERENT AGES AND DENTAL STATUS

Year 2017, Volume: 51 Issue: 2, 29 - 36, 02.04.2017

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphology and calcification pattern of the styloid process (SP) and to determine their relations with subjects’ age, gender, and dental status

Materials and Methods:  910 panoramic radiographs were stratified by dental status and gender. The distance between the points where SP leaves the tympanic plate of the temporal bone and the bony tip of SP was measured. Calcification patterns were classified as : (A) Region 1, tympanohyal alone (B) Region 2, stylohyal alone (C) Region 1 and 2, separate (D) Regions 1 and 2, continuous  (E) Regions 1, 2, and 3, continuous (F) Regions 1, 2, and 3, separate (G) Regions 1 and 2, continuous, but separate from 3 (H) Regions 2 and 3, separate (I) Regions 2 and 3, continuous, but separate from 1 (J) Region 3 alone (K) Region 3 and 4, continuous (may include calcification in one other region) (L) No styloid process visible.

Results: The right SPs were found to be longer than the left (p<0.05). Types D (right 42.9%, left 42%) and E (right 33.3%, left 30.8%) were the most common morphological calcifications on both sides. No statistical difference was found for bilateral SP length between gender, age, and dental status groups. A significant difference was found only for right SP morphological calcification types as to age groups in both genders (p<0.05). No significant difference was found for SP morphological calcification types according to gender and dental status.

Conclusion: The morphological types are formed at their present area. Even though SP calcification type was determined according to the length of SP, age was not an effective factor on the length, but the morphological calcification type of SP. Therefore, factors other than age may have a role in the development of morphological calcification types. Structural characteristics of SP are not associated with age, gender and dental status.

References

  • Eagle WW. Symptomatic elongated styloid process: report of two cases of styloid process-carotid artery syndrome with operation. Arch Otolaryngol 1949;49(5):490-503.
  • Fini G, Gasparini G, Filippini F, Becelli R, Marcotullio D. The long styloid process syndrome or Eagle's syndrome. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2000;28(2):123-127.
  • More CB, Asrani MK. Evaluation of the styloid process on digital panoramic radiographs. The Indian J Radiol Imaging 2010;20(4):261-265.
  • Langlais RP, Miles DA, Van Dis ML. Elongated and mineralized stylohyoid ligament complex: a proposed classification and report of a case of Eagle's syndrome. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1986;61(5):527-532.
  • Ferrario VF, Sigurta D, Daddona A, Dalloca L, Miani A, Tafuro F, et al. Calcification of the stylohyoid ligament: incidence and morphoquantitative evaluations. Oral Surgery Oral Med Oral Pathol 1990;69(4):524-529.
  • Ghafari R, Hosseini B, Shirani AM, Manochehrifar H, Saghaie S. Relationship between the elongated styloid process in panoramic radiographs and some of the general health conditions in patients over 40 years of age in the Iranian population. Dental Res J 2012;9(Suppl 1):S52-556.
  • Bozkir MG, Boğa H, Dere F. The evaluation of elongated styloid process in panoramic radiographs in edentulous patients. Turk J Med Sci 1999;29(4):481-486.
  • Keur JJ, Campbell JP, McCarthy JF, Ralph WJ. The clinical significance of the elongated styloid process. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1986;61(4):399-404.
  • Jung T, Tschernitschek H, Hippen H, Schneider B, Borchers L. Elongated styloid process: when is it really elongated? Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2004;33(2):119-124.
  • Rizzatti‐Barbosa CM, Ribeiro MC, Silva‐Concilio LR, Di Hipolito O, Ambrosano GM. Is an elongated stylohyoid process prevalent in the elderly? A radiographic study in a Brazilian population. Gerodontology 2005;22(2):112-115.
  • Okabe S, Morimoto Y, Ansai T, Yamada K, Tanaka T, Awano S, et al. Clinical significance and variation of the advanced calcified stylohyoid complex detected by panoramic radiographs among 80-year-old subjects. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2006;35(3):191-199.
  • MacDonald-Jankowski D. Calcification of the stylohyoid complex in Londoners and Hong Kong Chinese. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2001;30(1):35-39.
  • Kursoglu P, Unalan F, Erdem T. Radiological evaluation of the styloid process in young adults resident in Turkey's Yeditepe University faculty of dentistry. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2005;100(4):491-494.
  • Monsour PA, Young WG. Variability of the styloid process and stylohyoid ligament in panoramic radiographs. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1986;61(5):522-526.
  • İlgüy M, İlgüy D, Güler N, Bayirli G. Incidence of the type and calcification patterns in patients with elongated styloid process. J Int Med Res 2005;33(1):96-102.
  • Watanabe P, Dias F, Issa J, Monteiro S, de Paula F, Tiossi R. Elongated styloid process and atheroma in panoramic radiography and its relationship with systemic osteoporosis and osteopenia. Osteoporos Int 2010;21(5):831-836.
  • Prasad KC, Kamath MP, Reddy KJM, Raju K, Agarwal S. Elongated styloid process (Eagle's syndrome): a clinical study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002;60(2):171-175.
  • Murtagh RD, Caracciolo JT, Fernandez G. CT findings associated with Eagle syndrome. Am J Neuroradiol 2001;22(7):1401-1402.
  • Gokce C, Sisman Y, Sipahioglu M. Styloid process elongation or Eagle's syndrome: is there any role for ectopic calcification? Eur J Dent 2008;2(3):224-228.
  • Savranlar A, Uzun L, Ugur M, Ozer T. Three-dimensional CT of Eagle’s syndrome. Diagn Interv Radiol 2005;11(4):206-209.
  • McDavid W, Tronje G, Welander U, Morris C. Dimensional reproduction in rotational panoramic radiography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1986;62(1):96-101.
  • McDavid W, Welander U, Brent Dove S, Tronjje G. Digital imaging in rotational panoramic radiography. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 1995;24(2):68-75.
  • Tronje G, Welander U, McDavid W, Morris C. Image distortion in rotational panoramic radiography. I. General considerations. Acta radiologica: diagnosis 1981;22(3A):295-299.
  • Tronje G, Welander U, McDavid W, Morris C. Image distortion in rotational panoramic radiography. VI. Distortion effects in sliding systems. Acta Radiol Diagn 1982;23(2):153-160.
  • Tronje G, Eliasson S, Julin P, Welander U. Image distortion in rotational panoramic radiography. II. Vertical distances. Acta Radiol Diagn 1981;22(4):449-455.
  • Gokce C, Sisman Y, Sipahioglu M, Ertas E, Akgunlu F, Unal A, et al. The prevalence of carotid artery calcification on the panoramic radiographs of end-stage renal disease patients with peritoneal dialysis: do incidental findings provide life-saving information? J IntMed Res 2008;36(1):47-53.
  • Bakke M, Holm B, Jensen BL, Michler L, Møller E. Unilateral, isometric bite force in 8‐68‐year‐old women and men related to occlusal factors. Eur J Oral Sci 1990;98(2):149-158.
  • Nalçaci R, Misirlioğlu M. Yaşlı Bireylerde Stiloid Proçesin Radyolojik Olarak Değerlendirilmesi. Atatürk Üniv Dişhek Fak Derg 2006;16(3):1-6.
  • Guo Y, Sun Z, Liu X, Bhandari K, Guo C. Surgical safety distances in the infratemporal fossa: three-dimensional measurement study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015;44(5):555-561.
  • Alpoz E, Akar GC, Celik S, Govsa F, Lomcali G. Prevalence and pattern of stylohyoid chain complex patterns detected by panoramic radiographs among Turkish population. Surg Radiol Anat 2014;36(1):39-46.
  • Roopashri G, Vaishali M, David MP, Baig M, Shankar U. Evaluation of elongated styloid process on digital panoramic radiographs. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(5):618-622.
  • Okabe S, Morimoto Y, Ansai T, Yamada K, Tanaka T, Awano S, et al. Clinical significance and variation of the advanced calcified stylohyoid complex detected by panoramic radiographs among 80-year-old subjects. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2006;35(3):191-199.
  • MacDonald-Jankowski DS. Calcification of the stylohyoid complex in Londoners and Hong Kong Chinese. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2001;30(1):35-39.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Original Research Articles
Authors

Güldane Mağat

Sevgi Özcan

Publication Date April 2, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 51 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Mağat, G., & Özcan, S. (2017). EVALUATION OF STYLOID PROCESS MORPHOLOGY AND CALCIFICATION TYPES IN BOTH GENDERS WITH DIFFERENT AGES AND DENTAL STATUS. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry, 51(2), 29-36. https://doi.org/10.17096/jiufd.35768
AMA Mağat G, Özcan S. EVALUATION OF STYLOID PROCESS MORPHOLOGY AND CALCIFICATION TYPES IN BOTH GENDERS WITH DIFFERENT AGES AND DENTAL STATUS. J Istanbul Univ Fac Dent. April 2017;51(2):29-36. doi:10.17096/jiufd.35768
Chicago Mağat, Güldane, and Sevgi Özcan. “EVALUATION OF STYLOID PROCESS MORPHOLOGY AND CALCIFICATION TYPES IN BOTH GENDERS WITH DIFFERENT AGES AND DENTAL STATUS”. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry 51, no. 2 (April 2017): 29-36. https://doi.org/10.17096/jiufd.35768.
EndNote Mağat G, Özcan S (April 1, 2017) EVALUATION OF STYLOID PROCESS MORPHOLOGY AND CALCIFICATION TYPES IN BOTH GENDERS WITH DIFFERENT AGES AND DENTAL STATUS. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry 51 2 29–36.
IEEE G. Mağat and S. Özcan, “EVALUATION OF STYLOID PROCESS MORPHOLOGY AND CALCIFICATION TYPES IN BOTH GENDERS WITH DIFFERENT AGES AND DENTAL STATUS”, J Istanbul Univ Fac Dent, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 29–36, 2017, doi: 10.17096/jiufd.35768.
ISNAD Mağat, Güldane - Özcan, Sevgi. “EVALUATION OF STYLOID PROCESS MORPHOLOGY AND CALCIFICATION TYPES IN BOTH GENDERS WITH DIFFERENT AGES AND DENTAL STATUS”. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry 51/2 (April 2017), 29-36. https://doi.org/10.17096/jiufd.35768.
JAMA Mağat G, Özcan S. EVALUATION OF STYLOID PROCESS MORPHOLOGY AND CALCIFICATION TYPES IN BOTH GENDERS WITH DIFFERENT AGES AND DENTAL STATUS. J Istanbul Univ Fac Dent. 2017;51:29–36.
MLA Mağat, Güldane and Sevgi Özcan. “EVALUATION OF STYLOID PROCESS MORPHOLOGY AND CALCIFICATION TYPES IN BOTH GENDERS WITH DIFFERENT AGES AND DENTAL STATUS”. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry, vol. 51, no. 2, 2017, pp. 29-36, doi:10.17096/jiufd.35768.
Vancouver Mağat G, Özcan S. EVALUATION OF STYLOID PROCESS MORPHOLOGY AND CALCIFICATION TYPES IN BOTH GENDERS WITH DIFFERENT AGES AND DENTAL STATUS. J Istanbul Univ Fac Dent. 2017;51(2):29-36.