ANTIMICROBIAL AND STRUCTURAL EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT IRRIGATION SOLUTIONS ON GUTTA-PERCHA CONES

Year 2015, Volume: 49 Issue: 1, 27 - 32, 25.03.2015

Sevinç Aktemur Türker , Hülya Aslan , Emel Uzunoğlu , Bahar Özçelik

https://doi.org/10.17096/jiufd.92774

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the alterations on the surface of gutta-percha cones (GPCs) on exposure to the different irrigation solutions and their possible antibacterial effect against Enterococcus faecalis. (E. faecalis)
Materials and Methods: Disinfection ability of different solutions (5.25% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine, 1% peracetic acid, and QMix) were tested with 96 GPCs and the time of exposure to each solution was 5 and10 minutes, respectively. GPCs used in this study were contaminated with E.faecalis. After disinfection, GPCs were placed in tubes containing the medium and incubated at 37˚C for 7 days. All tubes were visually checked for turbidity at 24-hour intervals. About 92 new GPCs were analyzed by means of SEM/EDS to assess the topography and chemical elements present on their surface. The data generated was analyzed using Pearson chi-square test, p<0.05.
Results: There were no significant statistical differences in disinfection quality between the irrigation solutions used on GPCs contaminated with E. faecalis (p>0.05). SEM/EDS analyses showed no alteration in the superficial features of GPCs after treating with various irrigation solutions.
Conclusion: QMix was found to be an effective agent for rapid disinfection of GPCs as well-known irrigation solutions. Irrigation solutions were found to have sterilized the GPCs after both 5 and 10 minutes of exposure.

Keywords

Antimicrobial agents; Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy; Gutta-Percha cones

Farklı Kök Kanalı Yıkama Solüsyonlarının Gütaperka Üzerindeki Yapısal ve Antimikrobiyal Etkileri

Abstract

Amaç : Farklı kök kanal yıkama solüsyonlarının
Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) ile kontamine olan
gütaperka konları (GPK) üzerindeki antibakteriyel ve
yapısal etkilerinin incelenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Antimikrobiyal etkinliğin tespitinde
96 adet GPK kullanılmıştır. GPK, E.faecalis ile
kontamine edildikten sonra, % 5.25’lik sodyum
hipoklorit,% 2’lik klorheksidin,% 1’lik perasetik asit
ve QMix solüsyonlarında 5 ve 10 dakika boyunca
bekletilmişlerdir. Bu sürenin sonunda GPK besi
ortamı içeren tüplere konularak 7 gün süreyle 37°C’de
inkübe edilmiştir. Tüpler 24 saat arayla bulanıklık
açısından kontrol edilerek bulgular kaydedilmiştir.
Solüsyonların GPK üzerinde oluşturdukları yapısal
ve kimyasal değişiklikler ilk çalışmada kullanılan
konlardan bağımsız 92 adet konun SEM/EDS
aracılığıyla incelenmesiyle tespit edilmiştir. Veriler
Pearson ki-kare testi ile %95 güven aralığında
karşılaştırılmıştır.
Bulgular: Solüsyonlar arasında bulanıklık varlığı
değerlendirmesi sonucu elde edilen antimikrobiyal
etkinlik ve SEM/EDS ile ulaşılan yapısal değişiklik
açısından anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır
(p > 0.05).
Sonuç: Yeni bir yıkama solüsyonu olan Qmix de
GPKın dezenfeksiyonunda etkin bir ajan olarak
bulunmuştur. Yıkama solüsyonları tüm ölçüm
zamanlarında GPKnı sterilize etmişlerdir

Keywords

Antimikrobiyal ajanlar, enerji dağılımlı x-ışını spektroskopisi, gütaperka

References

• da Motta PG, de Figueiredo CB, Maltos S, Nicoli JR, Ribeiro Sobrinho AP, Maltos KL, Carvalhais HP. Efficacy of chemical sterilization and storage conditions of gutta-percha cones. Int Endod J 2001;34(6):435-439.
• Valois CR, Silva LP, Azevedo RB. Structural effects of sodium hypochlorite solutions on gutta-percha cones: atomic force microscopy study. J Endod 2005;31(10):749-751.
• Siqueira JF, Jr., Rocas IN, Valois CR. Apical sealing ability of five endodontic sealers. Aust Endod J 2001;27(1):33-35.
• Gomes BP, Vianna ME, Matsumoto CU, Rossi Vde P, Zaia AA, Ferraz CC, Souza Filho FJ. Disinfection of gutta-percha cones with chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2005;100(4):512-517.
• Royal MJ, Williamson AE, Drake DR. Comparison of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, MTAD, and 2% chlorhexidine in the rapid disinfection of polycaprolactone-based root canal filling material. J Endod 2007;33(1):42-44.
• Subha N, Prabhakar V, Koshy M, Abinaya K, Prabu M, Thangavelu L. Efficacy of peracetic acid in rapid disinfection of Resilon and gutta-percha cones compared with sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, and povidone-iodine. J Endod 2013;39(10):1261-1264.
• Gomes BP, Ferraz CC, Vianna ME, Berber VB, Teixeira FB, Souza-Filho FJ. In vitro antimicrobial activity of several concentrations of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate in the elimination of Enterococcus faecalis. Int Endod J 2001;34(6):424-428.
• Valois CR, Silva LP, Azevedo RB. Effects of 2% chlorhexidine and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite on gutta-percha cones studied by atomic force microscopy. Int Endod J 2005;38(7):425-429.
• Chassot AL, Poisl MI, Samuel SM. In vivo and in vitro evaluation of the efficacy of a peracetic acid-based disinfectant for decontamination of acrylic resins. Braz Dent J 2006;17(2):117-121.
• Stojicic S, Shen Y, Qian W, Johnson B, Haapasalo M. Antibacterial and smear layer removal ability of a novel irrigant, QMiX. Int Endod J 2012;45(4):363-371.
• Dai L, Khechen K, Khan S, Gillen B, Loushine BA, Wimmer CE, Gutmann JL, Pashley D, Tay FR. The effect of QMix, an experimental antibacterial root canal irrigant, on removal of canal wall smear layer and debris. J Endod 2011;37(1): 80-84.
• Valois CR, Silva LP, Azevedo RB, Costa ED Jr. Atomic force microscopy study of gutta-percha cone topography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2004;98(2):250-255.
• Goldberg F, Gurfinkel J, Spielberg C. Microscopic study of standardized gutta-percha points. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1979;47(3):275-276.
• Short RD, Dorn SO, Kuttler S.The crystallization of sodium hypochlorite on gutta-percha cones after the rapid-sterilization technique: an SEM study. J Endod 2003;29(10):670-673.
• Molander A, Reit C, Dahlen G, Kvist T. Microbiological status of root-filled teeth with apical periodontitis. Int Endod J 1998; 31(1):1-7.
• Rocas IN, Siqueira JF, Jr., Santos KR. Association of Enterococcus faecalis with different forms of periradicular diseases. J Endod 2004;30(5):315-320.
• Stuart CH, Schwartz SA, Beeson TJ, Owatz CB. Enterococcus faecalis: its role in root canal treatment failure and current concepts in retreatment. J Endod 2006:32(2):93-98.
• Vianna ME, Gomes BP, Berber VB, Zaia AA, Ferraz CC, de Souza-Filho FJ. In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2004;97(1):79-84.
• Stabholz A, Stabholz A, Friedman S, Heling I, Sela MN. Efficiency of different chemical agents in decontamination of gutta-percha cones. Int Endod J 1987;20(5):211-216.
• Siqueira JF, Jr., da Silva CH, Cerqueira MdD, Lopes HP, de Uzeda M. Effectiveness of four chemical solutions in eliminating Bacillus subtilis spores on gutta-percha cones. Endod Dent Traumatol 1998;14(3):124-126.
• Isci S, Yoldas O, Dumani A. Effects of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine solutions on Resilon (synthetic polymer based root canal filling material) cones: an atomic force microscopy study. J Endod 2006;32(10):967-969.
• Morgental RD, Singh A, Sappal H, Kopper PM, Vier-Pelisser FV, Peters OA. Dentin inhibits the antibacterial effect of new and conventional endodontic irrigants. J Endod 2013;39(3):406-410.
• http://www.lenntech.com/processes/disinfection/chemical/disinfectants-peracetic-acid.htm access date: 10/08/2104.