Experimental Models of Type 1 Diabetes Administered to Mice

Abstract

Diabetes is one of the crucial health problems in this decade. Insulin secreted by β cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans plays a critical role in regulating the blood glucose level. Type 1 diabetes occurs as a consequence of damage to these cells or inhibition of insulin secretion in a distinctive way. Experimental type 1 diabetes can also be developed in animal species due to beta cell damage. Each animal species has specific blood glucose levels. Increasing this level at a certain rate or amount is an indication of the onset of diabetes. In various studies conducted to date, it has been demonstrated that type 1 diabetes can be established experimentally by different methods. Each type 1 diabetes management protocol has its advantages and disadvantages. The results of each protocol take place at different time intervals and depending on various factors. Different protocols are established considering various factors such as the number of animals to be used in the study and the health and nutritional status of experimental animals. Thanks to both these protocols developed and our increasing knowledge of type 1 diabetes, the production of various transgenic animals has led to significant advances in elucidating this disease and focusing on specific aspects of type 1 diabetes mellitus. This review aimed to bring together currently used type 1 diabetes models in mice.

Keywords

• Diabetes Models
• Mouse
• Type 1 Diabetes

Farelere Uygulanan Deneysel Tip 1 Diyabet Modelleri

Abstract

Diyabet, çağımızın en önemli sağlık sorunları arasında yer almaktadır. Pankreas Langerhans adacıklarındaki β hücreleri tarafından salgılanan insülin, kan glikoz seviyesinin düzenlenmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu hücrelerin zarar görmesi ya da insülin salınımının farklı bir yolla engellenmesi sonucu tip 1 diyabet şekillenmektedir. Hayvan türlerinde de beta hücresi hasarına bağlı deneysel tip 1 diyabet oluşturulabilmektedir. Her hayvan türü kendine özgü olarak kan glikoz seviyesine sahiptir. Bu düzeyin belirli bir oran veya miktarda yukarısına çıkılması diyabetin başladığının bir göstergesidir. Günümüze kadar yapılmış olan çeşitli çalışmalarda tip 1 diyabetin deneysel olarak farklı metotlarla oluşturulabildiği gösterilmiştir. Tip 1 diyabet oluşturma protokollerinin her birinin kendi içerisinde hem avantajları hem de dezavantajları bulunmaktadır. Her protokolün sonuçlanması farklı zaman aralığında ve çeşitli etkenlere bağlı olarak gerçekleşmektedir. Çalışmada kullanılacak hayvan sayısı, deneklerin sağlık ve beslenme durumları gibi çeşitli etmenlere bağlı olarak farklı protokoller seçilmektedir. Hem geliştirilen bu protokoller hem de tip 1 diyabet hastalığıyla ilgili artan bilgimiz sayesinde çeşitli transgenik hayvanların üretilmesi bir nebze bile olsa bu hastalığın aydınlatılması ve tip 1 diyabetin belirli yönlerine odaklanılması konusunda önemli gelişmelerin kaydedilmesini sağlamıştır. Bu derlemede farelerde güncel olarak kullanılan tip 1 diyabet oluşturma modellerinin bir araya getirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.  

Keywords

• Diyabet Modelleri
• Fare
• Tip 1 Diyabet

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