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Tavşanlarda Uyuz Tedavisi İçin Güncel Tedavi Uygulamaları

Year 2021, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 35 - 41, 12.09.2021

Abstract

Tavşanlarda ektoparaziter deri hastalıkları sıklıkla görülmektedir. Bu ektoparaziter hastalıklar arasında uyuz hastalığı da tavşanlardaki en önemli deri hastalıklarından birisidir. Tavşanlarda Psoroptes cuniculienfestasyonu yaygın olarak, Sarcoptes cuniculi, Demodex cuniculi veNotoedres cuniculietkenlerine bağlı uyuz hastalığı da daha seyrek bir şekilde oluşmaktadır. Tavşanların kulak uyuzu etkeni olan Psoroptes cuniculideride büyük oyuklar açmadan, kulaklarda hiperemi ve eksudasyona ve deride yoğun bir irritasyona neden olan bir uyuz etkenidir. Demodex cuniculiile enfeste olan tavşanlarda çeşitli derecede deride kaşıntı görülebilir veya immunsupresif hayvanlarda ise deride kaşıntı görülmeden alopesiyle seyredebilmektedir. Sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculive Notoedres cati var. cuniculitavşanlarda uyuza neden olan etkenler olarak rapor edilmiştir. Bu parazitler deri altından sarı renkte bir akıntının oluştuğu kaşıntılı bir dermatoza neden olabilmektedirler. Uyuz hastalığının tedavisinde ivermektin, selamektin, milbemisin oksim, deltametrin gibi antiparaziter ilaçlar kullanılmaktadır. Ancak son yıllarda ise daha çok kombine ya da bitkisel ekstratların kullanım alanına girdiği görülmektedir. Hastalığın tedavisi ile birlikte koruma tedbirlerinin uygulanması hastalığın ilerlemesini azaltmaktadır. Koruma tedbirleri olarak; işletmeye yeni alınan hayvanların profilaktif olarak antiparaziter uygulamalarının yapılması ve karantina tedbirlerinin uygulanması, hayvanların sıkışık, rutubetli, havasızalanlarda bakılmaması ve stres faktörlerinin azaltılması gibi faktörler sıralanabilmektedir.

References

  • Abdelaziz AR., Khalafalla RE., El khatam AO., Osman AE., Mageed NA., 2020. Field study to evaluate the topical application of Deltamethrin, Cyfluthrin, and Sulfur efficacy against sarcoptic mange of rabbit. AJVS, 67(2), 1-8.
  • 2.Arul Prakash M., Soundararajan C., Nagarajan K., Tensingh Gnanaraj P., Ramesh Saravanakumar V., 2017. Sarcoptic mange infestation in rabbits in an organized farm at Tamil Nadu. J Parasit Dis, 41(2), 429-432.
  • 3.Curtis CF., 2004. Current trends in the treatment of Sarcoptes, Cheyletiella and Otodectes mite infestations in dogs and cats. Vet Dermatol, 15(2), 108-114.
  • 4.d'Ovidio D., Santoro D., 2015. Survey of zoonotic dermatoses in client-owned exotic pet mammals in southern Italy. Zoonoses Public Health, 62(2), 100-104.
  • 5.d'Ovidio D., Santoro D., 2021. Efficacy of Fluralaner in the treatment of sarcoptic mange (Sarcoptes scabiei) in 12 pet rabbits. Top Companion Anim Med, 43, 100528.
  • 6.Dakroury MF., Darwish AA., 2021. A Comparative pharmacological study on moxidectin and propolis ointment in rabbits naturally infested with Psoroptes cuniculi (In press). Iraqi J Vet Sci.
  • 7.Divisha R., Soundararajan C., Prakash MA., 2020. Therapeutic management of concurrent sarcoptic and psoroptic mange infestation in rabbits. J Entomol Zool Stud, 8(1), 1041-1043.
  • 8.Fang F., Li M., Jiang Z., Lu X., Guillot J., Si H., 2020. Comparing acaricidal and ovicidal activity of five terpenes from essential oils against Psoroptes cuniculi. Parasitol Res, 119(12), 4219-4223.
  • 9.Farmaki R., Koutinas AF., Papazahariadou MG., Kasabalis D., Day MJ., 2009. Effectiveness of a selamectin spot-on formulation in rabbits with sarcoptic mange. Vet Rec, 164(14), 431-432.
  • 10.Gu X., Zhang N., Xie Y., Zheng Y., Chen Y., Zhou X., Li X., Zhong Z., He R., Yang G., 2020. Metarhizium anisopliae CQMa128 regulates antioxidant/detoxification enzymes and exerts acaricidal activity against Psoroptes ovis var. cuniculi in rabbits: A preliminary study. Vet Parasitol, 279, 109059.
  • 11.Hansen O.,Gall Y., Pfister K., Beck W., 2005. Efficacy of a formulation containing imidacloprid and moxidectin against naturally acquired ear mite infestations (Psoroptes cuniculi) in rabbits. Int J Appl Res Vet M, 3, 281-286.
  • 12.Harkness JE., Turner PV., VandeWoude S., Wheler CL., 2010. Harkness and Wagner’s Biology and Medicine of Rabbits and Rodents. 5th ed., 252-253, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Ames, Iowa, USA.
  • 13.Husni P., Dewi MK., Putriana NA., Hendriani R., 2019. In-Vivo Effectiveness of 5% Azadirachta indica Oil Cream as Anti-Scabies. Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research, 4(1), 10-15.
  • 14.Jiang A., Yuan Y., Yang R., Zhang N., Xie Y., Lai W., Peng X., Yang G., Gu X., 2019. Beauveria bassiana is a potential effective biological agent against Psoroptes ovis var. cuniculi mites. Biological Control, 131, 43-48.
  • 15.Kurtdede A., Karaer Z., Acar A., Guzel M., Cingi CC., Ural K., Ica A., 2007. Use of selamectin for the treatment of psoroptic and sarcoptic mite infestation in rabbits. Vet Dermatol. 18(1), 18-22.
  • 16.Kumar M., Nath AK., Debbarma S., Battacharya S., Monsang S. W., Bijwal, D., Saseendranath MR., 2018. Comparative curative efficacy of ivermectin and ivermectin with vitamin supplementation treatment against naturally infested Sarcoptes scabiei mite in rabbits: a retrospective study. Int J Livest Res, 8(12), 82-86.
  • 17.Marley SE., Conder GA., 2002. The use of macrocyclic lactones to control parasites of domesticates wild ruminants. In ‘’Macrocyclic Lactones to Antiparasitic Therapy’’, Eds., J. Vercruysse & R. S. Rew, 425, CABIPublishing, USA.
  • 18.Moonarmart W., Tansakul M., Kiewsiri C., Watanaboonchai R., Somrith W., Yinharnmingmongkol, C., Tunhikorn M., 2018. Haematological response in the treatment of naturally acquired ectoparasite infestations in rabbits. World Rabbit Sci, 26(4), 313-320.
  • 19.Murugan MS., Palanichamy V., Rani RU., 2018. Diagnosis and management of scabies in rabbits. Intas Polivet, 19, 367-369.
  • 20.Narang A., Randhawa CS., Sidhu S., Kaur P., 2020. Notoedric mange in two rabbits-case report. Haryana Vet, 59, 136-138.
  • 21.Ogolla KO., Chebet J., Waruiru RM., Gathumbi PK., Okumu PO., Aboge GO., 2019. Efficacy of ivermectin, liquid paraffin, and Carbaryl against mange of farmed rabbits in central Kenya. J Trop Med, 2019, 5092845.
  • 22.Quesenberry K., 2000. Saunders Manual of Small Animal Practice. 2th ed., Elsevier Health Sciences.
  • 23.Romero Nunez C., Flores Ortega A., Sheinberg Waisburd G., Martin Cordero A., Yarto Jaramillo E., Heredia Cardenas R., Bautista Gómez LG., 2020. Evaluation of the effect of afoxalaner with milbemycin 1 oximein the treatment of rabbits naturally infected with Psoroptes cuniculi. PLoS One, 15(3), e0230753.
  • 24.Samuel WM., Pybus MJ., Kocan AA., 2001. Parasitic Diseases of Wild Mammals. In ‘’ Parasitic Diseases of Wild Mammals’’, Eds., S Bornstein, T Morner, WM Samuel, 2nd ed., 107-119, Iowa State University Press, Ames.
  • 25.Sant R., Rowland M., 2009. Skin diseases in rabbits. In Practice, 31, 233-238.
  • 26.Sharaf M., Antonios S., Mina S., Eliwa K., RayiaDA., 2020. The scabicide effect of moxidectin in vitro and in experimental animals: Parasitological, histopathological and immunological evaluation. Exp Parasitol, 217, 107961.
  • 27.Shen N., Wei W., Chen Y., Ren Y., Xiong L., Tao Y., Gu X., Xie Y. Peng X. YangG., 2020. An antibody persistent and protective two rSsCLP-based subunit cocktail vaccine against Sarcoptes scabiei in a rabbit model. Vaccines (Basel), 8(1), 129.
  • 28.Singh KP., Singh RV., Singh P., Arora N., Singh S., 2019. Management of sarcoptic mange inrabbits. Indian J Anim Hlth, 58(2), 233-235.
  • 29.White SD., Bourdeau PJ., Meredith A., 2003. Dermatologic problems of rabbits. Comp Cont Educ Pract, 25(2), 90-101.
  • 30.Zajac AM., Conboy GA., Little SE., Reichard MV., 2021. Veterinary Clinical Parasitology. 9th ed., 252-260, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, USA.
  • 31.Zhou Y., Liao F., Weng J., Mo Q., Xu R., Zhang Y., Ren Z., Zhong Z., Zuo Z., Peng G., Deng J., Tang C., Hu Y., 2019. Composition and acaricidal activity of essential oil from Elsholtzia densa Benth against Sarcoptes scabiei mites in vitro. Veterinarni Medicina, 64(4), 178–183.

Current Treatment Practices for the Treatment of Scabies in Rabbits

Year 2021, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 35 - 41, 12.09.2021

Abstract

Ectoparasiticskin diseases are frequently seen in rabbits. Among these ectoparasitic diseases, scabies is one of the most important skin diseases in rabbits. Psoroptes cuniculiinfestation is common in rabbits, and scabies due to Sarcoptes cuniculi, Demodex cuniculi andNotoedres cuniculiare less common. Psoroptes cuniculi, which is the cause of ear scabies in rabbits, is a scabies agent that causes hyperemia and exudation in the ears and intense irritation on the skin without opening large cavities in the skin. Rabbits infested with Demodex cuniculimay experience varying degrees of skin itching, or in immunosuppressed animals, it may progress with alopecia without itching of the skin. Sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculiand Notoedres cati var. cuniculihave been reportedas causative agents of mange in rabbits. These parasites can cause an itchy dermatosis, in which a yellowish discharge occurs under the skin. Antiparasitic drugs such as ivermectin, selamectin, milbemycin oxime and deltamethrin are used in the treatment of scabies. However, in recent years, it has been seen that more combined or herbal extracts have been used in practice. Implementation of preventive measures along with the treatment of the disease reduces the progression of the disease. For protection measures; factors can be listed as prophylactic antiparasitic applications and implementation of quarantine measures for newly recruited animals, not keeping animals in overcrowded, damp, and stuffy areas, and reduction of stress factors.

References

  • Abdelaziz AR., Khalafalla RE., El khatam AO., Osman AE., Mageed NA., 2020. Field study to evaluate the topical application of Deltamethrin, Cyfluthrin, and Sulfur efficacy against sarcoptic mange of rabbit. AJVS, 67(2), 1-8.
  • 2.Arul Prakash M., Soundararajan C., Nagarajan K., Tensingh Gnanaraj P., Ramesh Saravanakumar V., 2017. Sarcoptic mange infestation in rabbits in an organized farm at Tamil Nadu. J Parasit Dis, 41(2), 429-432.
  • 3.Curtis CF., 2004. Current trends in the treatment of Sarcoptes, Cheyletiella and Otodectes mite infestations in dogs and cats. Vet Dermatol, 15(2), 108-114.
  • 4.d'Ovidio D., Santoro D., 2015. Survey of zoonotic dermatoses in client-owned exotic pet mammals in southern Italy. Zoonoses Public Health, 62(2), 100-104.
  • 5.d'Ovidio D., Santoro D., 2021. Efficacy of Fluralaner in the treatment of sarcoptic mange (Sarcoptes scabiei) in 12 pet rabbits. Top Companion Anim Med, 43, 100528.
  • 6.Dakroury MF., Darwish AA., 2021. A Comparative pharmacological study on moxidectin and propolis ointment in rabbits naturally infested with Psoroptes cuniculi (In press). Iraqi J Vet Sci.
  • 7.Divisha R., Soundararajan C., Prakash MA., 2020. Therapeutic management of concurrent sarcoptic and psoroptic mange infestation in rabbits. J Entomol Zool Stud, 8(1), 1041-1043.
  • 8.Fang F., Li M., Jiang Z., Lu X., Guillot J., Si H., 2020. Comparing acaricidal and ovicidal activity of five terpenes from essential oils against Psoroptes cuniculi. Parasitol Res, 119(12), 4219-4223.
  • 9.Farmaki R., Koutinas AF., Papazahariadou MG., Kasabalis D., Day MJ., 2009. Effectiveness of a selamectin spot-on formulation in rabbits with sarcoptic mange. Vet Rec, 164(14), 431-432.
  • 10.Gu X., Zhang N., Xie Y., Zheng Y., Chen Y., Zhou X., Li X., Zhong Z., He R., Yang G., 2020. Metarhizium anisopliae CQMa128 regulates antioxidant/detoxification enzymes and exerts acaricidal activity against Psoroptes ovis var. cuniculi in rabbits: A preliminary study. Vet Parasitol, 279, 109059.
  • 11.Hansen O.,Gall Y., Pfister K., Beck W., 2005. Efficacy of a formulation containing imidacloprid and moxidectin against naturally acquired ear mite infestations (Psoroptes cuniculi) in rabbits. Int J Appl Res Vet M, 3, 281-286.
  • 12.Harkness JE., Turner PV., VandeWoude S., Wheler CL., 2010. Harkness and Wagner’s Biology and Medicine of Rabbits and Rodents. 5th ed., 252-253, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Ames, Iowa, USA.
  • 13.Husni P., Dewi MK., Putriana NA., Hendriani R., 2019. In-Vivo Effectiveness of 5% Azadirachta indica Oil Cream as Anti-Scabies. Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research, 4(1), 10-15.
  • 14.Jiang A., Yuan Y., Yang R., Zhang N., Xie Y., Lai W., Peng X., Yang G., Gu X., 2019. Beauveria bassiana is a potential effective biological agent against Psoroptes ovis var. cuniculi mites. Biological Control, 131, 43-48.
  • 15.Kurtdede A., Karaer Z., Acar A., Guzel M., Cingi CC., Ural K., Ica A., 2007. Use of selamectin for the treatment of psoroptic and sarcoptic mite infestation in rabbits. Vet Dermatol. 18(1), 18-22.
  • 16.Kumar M., Nath AK., Debbarma S., Battacharya S., Monsang S. W., Bijwal, D., Saseendranath MR., 2018. Comparative curative efficacy of ivermectin and ivermectin with vitamin supplementation treatment against naturally infested Sarcoptes scabiei mite in rabbits: a retrospective study. Int J Livest Res, 8(12), 82-86.
  • 17.Marley SE., Conder GA., 2002. The use of macrocyclic lactones to control parasites of domesticates wild ruminants. In ‘’Macrocyclic Lactones to Antiparasitic Therapy’’, Eds., J. Vercruysse & R. S. Rew, 425, CABIPublishing, USA.
  • 18.Moonarmart W., Tansakul M., Kiewsiri C., Watanaboonchai R., Somrith W., Yinharnmingmongkol, C., Tunhikorn M., 2018. Haematological response in the treatment of naturally acquired ectoparasite infestations in rabbits. World Rabbit Sci, 26(4), 313-320.
  • 19.Murugan MS., Palanichamy V., Rani RU., 2018. Diagnosis and management of scabies in rabbits. Intas Polivet, 19, 367-369.
  • 20.Narang A., Randhawa CS., Sidhu S., Kaur P., 2020. Notoedric mange in two rabbits-case report. Haryana Vet, 59, 136-138.
  • 21.Ogolla KO., Chebet J., Waruiru RM., Gathumbi PK., Okumu PO., Aboge GO., 2019. Efficacy of ivermectin, liquid paraffin, and Carbaryl against mange of farmed rabbits in central Kenya. J Trop Med, 2019, 5092845.
  • 22.Quesenberry K., 2000. Saunders Manual of Small Animal Practice. 2th ed., Elsevier Health Sciences.
  • 23.Romero Nunez C., Flores Ortega A., Sheinberg Waisburd G., Martin Cordero A., Yarto Jaramillo E., Heredia Cardenas R., Bautista Gómez LG., 2020. Evaluation of the effect of afoxalaner with milbemycin 1 oximein the treatment of rabbits naturally infected with Psoroptes cuniculi. PLoS One, 15(3), e0230753.
  • 24.Samuel WM., Pybus MJ., Kocan AA., 2001. Parasitic Diseases of Wild Mammals. In ‘’ Parasitic Diseases of Wild Mammals’’, Eds., S Bornstein, T Morner, WM Samuel, 2nd ed., 107-119, Iowa State University Press, Ames.
  • 25.Sant R., Rowland M., 2009. Skin diseases in rabbits. In Practice, 31, 233-238.
  • 26.Sharaf M., Antonios S., Mina S., Eliwa K., RayiaDA., 2020. The scabicide effect of moxidectin in vitro and in experimental animals: Parasitological, histopathological and immunological evaluation. Exp Parasitol, 217, 107961.
  • 27.Shen N., Wei W., Chen Y., Ren Y., Xiong L., Tao Y., Gu X., Xie Y. Peng X. YangG., 2020. An antibody persistent and protective two rSsCLP-based subunit cocktail vaccine against Sarcoptes scabiei in a rabbit model. Vaccines (Basel), 8(1), 129.
  • 28.Singh KP., Singh RV., Singh P., Arora N., Singh S., 2019. Management of sarcoptic mange inrabbits. Indian J Anim Hlth, 58(2), 233-235.
  • 29.White SD., Bourdeau PJ., Meredith A., 2003. Dermatologic problems of rabbits. Comp Cont Educ Pract, 25(2), 90-101.
  • 30.Zajac AM., Conboy GA., Little SE., Reichard MV., 2021. Veterinary Clinical Parasitology. 9th ed., 252-260, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, USA.
  • 31.Zhou Y., Liao F., Weng J., Mo Q., Xu R., Zhang Y., Ren Z., Zhong Z., Zuo Z., Peng G., Deng J., Tang C., Hu Y., 2019. Composition and acaricidal activity of essential oil from Elsholtzia densa Benth against Sarcoptes scabiei mites in vitro. Veterinarni Medicina, 64(4), 178–183.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Veterinary Sciences
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Ömer Aydın This is me

Nergis Ulaş This is me

Publication Date September 12, 2021
Submission Date August 25, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

EndNote Aydın Ö, Ulaş N (September 1, 2021) Tavşanlarda Uyuz Tedavisi İçin Güncel Tedavi Uygulamaları. Laboratuvar Hayvanları Bilimi ve Uygulamaları Dergisi 1 1 35–41.

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