CBS Kullanılarak Sediment Birikiminin Haritalanması ve Miktarının Belirlenmesi: Aslantaş Baraj Rezervuarının Sürdürülebilir İşletmesi İçin Etkileri, Türkiye

Abstract

Rezervuar sedimantasyonu, baraj rezervuarlarında uzun vadeli su depolama kaybının temel nedenlerinden birisidir. Batimetri haritalaması, su altı topografyasındaki zamansal ve mekânsal değişiklikleri değerlendirmek ve depolama kapasitesini yeniden kalibre etmek için çok önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Aslantaş Baraj rezervuarında (Ceyhan Nehri, Türkiye) 1962’den 2008’e kadar sediman birikimini belirlemek amacıyla CBS araçları kullanılmıştır. 1985'ten beri faaliyette olan çok amaçlı baraj, sedimantasyonun işletme sürdürülebilirliği üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek için sediman kalınlığı haritalarının oluşturulması yoluyla analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, normal su seviyesinde toplam depolama kapasitesinde %5'lik bir kayıp olduğunu göstermektedir. Özellikle, ölü hacim ve aktif depolama kapasitesinde sırasıyla %1,8 ve %7,4'lük azalmalar yaşanmıştır. Mekansal analiz, maksimum sediment birikiminin baraj gövdesi ile orta rezervuar kesimi arasında, özellikle de akış aşağısı bölgesinde meydana geldiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu bulgular, bakım için kritik bölgeleri vurgulamakta ve rezervuarın sürdürülebilir yönetimi için temel veriler sağlamaktadır.

Keywords

• Sürdürülebilirlik
• Aslantaş Barajı rezervuarı
• Sediment kalınlık haritası
• Rezervuar sedimentasyonu
• CBS

Mapping and Quantifying Sediment Accumulation Using GIS: Implications for the Sustainable Operation of Aslantaş Dam Reservoir, Türkiye

Abstract

Reservoir sedimentation is the primary driver of long-term water storage loss in dam reservoirs. Bathymetric mapping is crucial for assessing spatiotemporal changes in underwater topography and recalibrating storage capacity. This study employs GIS tools to quantify sediment accumulation in the Aslantaş Dam reservoir (Ceyhan River, Türkiye) between 1962 and 2008. The multi-purpose dam, operational since 1985, was analyzed through the generation of sediment thickness maps to evaluate the impact of sedimentation on operational sustainability. Results indicate total storage capacity loss of 5% at the normal water level. Specifically, the dead volume and active storage capacity experienced reductions of 1.8% and 7.4%, respectively. Spatial analysis revealed that the maximum sediment deposition occurred between the dam body and the mid-reservoir section, particularly near the downstream area. These findings highlight critical zones for maintenance and provide essential data for the sustainable management of the reservoir.

Keywords

• Sustainability
• Aslantaş Dam Reservoir
• Sediment thickness map
• Reservoir Sedimentation
• GIS

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