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Aliçeyrek (Erzurum-Horasan) Linyit Sahasında Jeoteknik Değerlendirme

Year 1986, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 21 - 33, 15.07.1986

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Erzurum-Horasan-Aliçeyrek sahasındaki linyitli seriyi oluşturan zemin niteliğindeki birimlerin jeomekanik özellikleri araştırılmış, ayrıca jeoteknik açıdan madencilik kazılarında karşılaşılabilecek zemin davranışları ve bazı maden işletme yöntemlerinin uygulanabilirliği tartışılmıştır. İnceleme alanındaki killer jeoteknik anlamda, nispeten dayanıklı, duyarsız, yüksek plastisiteli ve montmorillonitik bir karakter taşımaktadır. Buna karşın kumlar; genel olarak gevşek, üniform ve zayıf zeminler olup, şiltler ise orta-zayıf özellik göstermektedir. Kil zeminler üzerindeki çalışmalar, killerin yüksek şişme potansiyeli dışında, sağlamlık, nispeten uzun süreli tahkimatsız kalabilme gibi olumlu davranışlar gösterebileceğine işaret etmektedir. Gevşek kum seviyelerinde, özellikle yeraltı suyu düzeyinin altında, dökülme, akma ve çok kısa süreli duraylı kalabilme davranışları beklenmelidir. Bundan dolayı, sahada yeraltı işletme yöntemlerinin uygulanabilirliği konusunda bazı kısıtlamaların varlığı dikkate alınmalıdır. Açık işletme yönteminin uygulanması durumunda, gevşek kum düzeyleri stabiliteyi kontrol eden en önemli faktörlerden biri olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu nedenle açık işletme genel şevleri 45 dereceden daha yatık açılarla dizayn edilmelidir. Ayrıca, madencilik işlemlerinin uzun süreli oluşu ve sahadaki kohezyonlu zeminlerin belirlenen jeomekanik özellikleri nedeniyle, en kritik stabilite koşulu uzun süreli stabilitedir ve şev stabilitesi araştırmalarında dikkate alınmalıdır.

References

  • American Society For Testing And Materials, 1980, Natural Buliding Stones: Soil and Rock. Part 19.
  • BOZKUŞ: C., 1978, Erzurum-Horasan-Aliçeyrek linyit sahasına ait jeolojik rapor. M.T.A, Enerji Hammaddeleri D., Rapor No. 308 (Yayınlanmamış).
  • GİLLOT, E.J., 1968 Clay in Engineering Geology. Elsevier Publishing Comp
  • HEUER, R.E., 1974, Important ground parameters in soft ground tunnelling. Proceedings on Subsurface Exploration For Underground Excavation And Heavy Construction. New Hempshire, Aug. 11-16,1974, American Society of Civil Engineers.
  • HOEK, E. ve BRAY, J.W, 1977 Rock Slope Engineering. Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, Stephen Austin and Sons Ltd., London.
  • HOUGH, B.K., 1957, Basic Soil Engineering. The Ronald Press Comp., New York.
  • JUMİKİS, A., 1967, Introduction to Soil Mechanics.
  • KARA, H. ve KARA, S., 1982, Erzurum-Horasan-Aliçeyrek linyit havzası jeoloji raporu. M. T. A. Enerji Hammaddeleri D., Rapor No. 395 (yayınlanmamış).
  • LAMBE: t. W. ve WHİTMAN, R. V., 2969, Soil Mechanics. John Wiley And Sons Inc., New York,
  • LEONARDS, G.A. (ed), 1962, Foundation Engineering. Mc Graw-Hill Book Comp., Inc., Tokyo.
  • MEANS, R.E. ve PARCHER, J.W., 1963, Physical Properties of Soils. Charles E. Merril Comp.
  • MEGAW, T. W. ve BARTLETT, J.W., 1981, Tunnelling in soft ground Tunnels-planning. design, construction, Ellis Horward Ltd.
  • MESR İ, G., 1980, Soil Mechanics and Behavior. University of Illinois
  • MORRISON, R.G.K. ve RUSSEL, H. L., 1973, Selected a mining method-rock mechanics, other factors. SME Mining Engineering Handbook, Society of Mining Engineers, New York.
  • PANEK, L.A., 1974, Longwall problems. Ground control aspects of coal mine design. Proceedings: Bureau of Mines Technology Transfer Seminar, Lexington, March 1976, Bureau of Mines Information Circular IC 8630, 97-100.
  • PECK, R.B., 1969, Deep excavation and tunnelling in soft ground. 7 International Conference on Soil Mechanics, Mechanics, Mexico City 1969, State of-the-art volume, 225-290.
  • TOURTELOT, A.H.., 1974, Active clays in engeneering construction and practice. Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologist, V.l 1, No. 4, 259-275.
  • TSCHEBOTARİOFF, G.P., 1951, Soil Mechanics, Foundation And Earth Structures. Me Graw Hill Book Comp., Inc., Tokyo.
  • WEST.G., 1978, Methods of treating the ground. Tunnels and Tunnelling, September 1978, 25-29.
  • WU, T.H., 1966, Soil Mechanics. Allyn and Bacon, Inc., Boston.

A Geotechnical Evaluation Ali Çeyrek (Erzurum-Horasan) Lignite Field

Year 1986, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 21 - 33, 15.07.1986

Abstract

In this study, geomechanical properties of the soil units which forms the lignitic series in Erzurum Horasan-Aliçeyrek area are investigated, furthermore expected soil behavior during mining excavations and the applicability of some mining methods are discussed from the geotechnical point of veiw. From the geotechnical point of view, clays in the area investigated, show relatively durable, highly plastic, nonsensitive and montmorillonitic character. On the other hand, sands generally form loose, uniform and weak soils however show medium to veak properties. Studies carried out on clay soils indicate some positive behaviors such as soundness, relatively long term unsupported stand-up time with the exception of medium-high swelling potential. In loose sand horizons, especially below the groundwater level, ravelling, running and short term unsupported stand-up time behaviors should be expected. Therefore, the occurrence of some limitations ought to be considered for the applicability of underground mining methods, in the area. In the case of applying open pit method, loose sand horizons are considered as one of the most important factors controlling the stability. Thus, final pit slopes should be designed with angles flatter than 45 degrees. In addition, because of the long duration of mining operations and determined geomechanical properties of cohesive soils in the area, long term stability would be most critical stability condition and should be included in the investigations of slope stability.

References

  • American Society For Testing And Materials, 1980, Natural Buliding Stones: Soil and Rock. Part 19.
  • BOZKUŞ: C., 1978, Erzurum-Horasan-Aliçeyrek linyit sahasına ait jeolojik rapor. M.T.A, Enerji Hammaddeleri D., Rapor No. 308 (Yayınlanmamış).
  • GİLLOT, E.J., 1968 Clay in Engineering Geology. Elsevier Publishing Comp
  • HEUER, R.E., 1974, Important ground parameters in soft ground tunnelling. Proceedings on Subsurface Exploration For Underground Excavation And Heavy Construction. New Hempshire, Aug. 11-16,1974, American Society of Civil Engineers.
  • HOEK, E. ve BRAY, J.W, 1977 Rock Slope Engineering. Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, Stephen Austin and Sons Ltd., London.
  • HOUGH, B.K., 1957, Basic Soil Engineering. The Ronald Press Comp., New York.
  • JUMİKİS, A., 1967, Introduction to Soil Mechanics.
  • KARA, H. ve KARA, S., 1982, Erzurum-Horasan-Aliçeyrek linyit havzası jeoloji raporu. M. T. A. Enerji Hammaddeleri D., Rapor No. 395 (yayınlanmamış).
  • LAMBE: t. W. ve WHİTMAN, R. V., 2969, Soil Mechanics. John Wiley And Sons Inc., New York,
  • LEONARDS, G.A. (ed), 1962, Foundation Engineering. Mc Graw-Hill Book Comp., Inc., Tokyo.
  • MEANS, R.E. ve PARCHER, J.W., 1963, Physical Properties of Soils. Charles E. Merril Comp.
  • MEGAW, T. W. ve BARTLETT, J.W., 1981, Tunnelling in soft ground Tunnels-planning. design, construction, Ellis Horward Ltd.
  • MESR İ, G., 1980, Soil Mechanics and Behavior. University of Illinois
  • MORRISON, R.G.K. ve RUSSEL, H. L., 1973, Selected a mining method-rock mechanics, other factors. SME Mining Engineering Handbook, Society of Mining Engineers, New York.
  • PANEK, L.A., 1974, Longwall problems. Ground control aspects of coal mine design. Proceedings: Bureau of Mines Technology Transfer Seminar, Lexington, March 1976, Bureau of Mines Information Circular IC 8630, 97-100.
  • PECK, R.B., 1969, Deep excavation and tunnelling in soft ground. 7 International Conference on Soil Mechanics, Mechanics, Mexico City 1969, State of-the-art volume, 225-290.
  • TOURTELOT, A.H.., 1974, Active clays in engeneering construction and practice. Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologist, V.l 1, No. 4, 259-275.
  • TSCHEBOTARİOFF, G.P., 1951, Soil Mechanics, Foundation And Earth Structures. Me Graw Hill Book Comp., Inc., Tokyo.
  • WEST.G., 1978, Methods of treating the ground. Tunnels and Tunnelling, September 1978, 25-29.
  • WU, T.H., 1966, Soil Mechanics. Allyn and Bacon, Inc., Boston.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Applied Geology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Reşat Ulusay This is me

Nihat Apaydın This is me

Publication Date July 15, 1986
Submission Date April 1, 1986
Published in Issue Year 1986 Volume: 10 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Ulusay, R., & Apaydın, N. (1986). Aliçeyrek (Erzurum-Horasan) Linyit Sahasında Jeoteknik Değerlendirme. Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi, 10(3), 21-33.