The effects of ultraviolet B beams on programmed cell death activities in Staphylococcus epidermidis

Year 2015, , 21 - 24, 30.04.2015

Payam Behzadi Elham Behzadi Reza Ranjbar

https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.02.2015.01.0169

Abstract

Objectives: Bacterial skin diseases caused by drug-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis are known as a big problem in the field of treating management of infectious diseases. Progression of resistant strains has led to use phototherapy in parallel with pharmacotherapy. In this short survey, we tried to obtain a logic Ultraviolet Radiation protocol to induce the process of programmed cell death in irradiated Staphylococcus epidermidis. Methods: The samples of Staphylococcus epidermidis were classified in 4 categories. Each plate which is known as a category included well-grown colonies of bacteria. One plate was taken as a control sample and the left three plates were irradiated by UVB (302 nm) in 10 minutes from the distance of 8 cm. The irradiated plates were kept in a dark cell and for 1, 24 and 72 hours respectively. Then, total genomic DNA molecules pertaining to all of the colonies comprising control and irradiated samples were harvested by DNP kit and the extracted DNA molecules were running upon the 1% agarose gel together with ethidium bromide. Results: Control and irradiated samples were studied for probable changes in their macroscopic, microscopic characteristics and then the DNA pattern relating to each group was detected for any variation including smear or DNA laddering bands. No changes were observed in different bacterial properties. No apoptosis were observed in irradiated samples. Conclusion: UVB is a strong apoptosis stimulus in organisms. However, authors of the present study strongly reject the apoptotic effect of UVB irradiation in the format of the present protocol.

Keywords

In vitro, programmed cell death, Staphylococcus epidermidis, UVB

The effects of ultraviolet B beams on programmed cell death activities in Staphylococcus epidermidis

Abstract

Amaç: İlaca dirençli Staphylococcus epidermidis neden olduğu bakteriyel deri hastalıkları, enfeksiyon hastalıklarının tedavi alanında büyük bir problem olarak bilinmektedir. Dirençli suşların artması farmakoterapiyle beraber fototerapinin de kullanılmasına yol açmaktadır. Bu kısa araştırmada, ışına maruz kalmış Staphylococcus epidermidisin programlanmış hücre ölüm sürecini başlatacak anlamlı bir Ultraviole Radyasyon protokolünü oluşturmaya için uğraştık. Yöntemler: Staphylococcus epidermidis örnekleri 4 kategoride sınıflandırılmıştır. Bakteri kolonilerinin çoğalma durumuna göre her plak bir kategoriye dahil edildi. Bir plak kontrol olarak ve diğer 3 plağa ise 8cm uzaktan 10 dakika süreyle ultraviolet B (UVB) (302 nm) ışını uygulandı. Işına maruz kalan plaklar sırayla 1saat, 24 saat ve 72 saat süreyle karanlık bir hücre tutuldu. Daha sonra, kontrol ve ışınlanmış örnekler içeren tüm kolonilerin toplam genomik DNA molekül parçaları DNP kiti ile çoğaltıldı ve ekstre edilmiş DNA molekülleri, etidyum bromür ile birlikte % 1 agaroz jel üzerinde yüklenip yürütüldü.Bulgular: Kontrol ve ışınlanmış örneklerde makroskopik, mikroskopik özelliklerindeki olası değişiklikler için çalışma yapıldı ve sonra her gruba ilişkin DNA merdiven bantları veya yaymalarını da içeren DNA örnekleri üzerinde herhangi bir değişiklik olup olmadığı belirlendi. Farklı bakteriyel özelliklerde herhangi bir değişiklik gözlenmemiştir. Işınlanmış örneklerde hiçbir apoptoz gözlenmemiştir.Sonuç: UVB organizmalarda güçlü bir apoptoz uyarıcıdır Ancak, bu çalışmanın yazarları bu protokol formatında UVB ışınlamasının apoptotik etkisinin olmadığını şiddetle reddetmektedir

Keywords

in vitro, programlanmış hücre ölümü, Staphylococcus epidermidis, UVB

References

• Behzadi P, Behzadi E. Microbiology of Prokaryotes, 1st edn. Eslamshahr & Shahriyar-Shahre Qods, Islamic Azad Unver- sity Press, 2006.
• Behzadi P, Behzadi E. Environmental Microbiology. 1st edn. Tehran: Niktab Press, 2007.
• Behzadi P, Behzadi E. Study of microbial Biochemical reac- tions in Bacteriology laboratories. 1st edn. Tehran: Persian Science & Research Publisher, 2012.
• Behzadi E, Behzadi P. An in vitro Study on the Apoptosis In- ducing Effects of Ultraviolet B light in Staphylococcus aure- us. Maedica (Buchar) 2012;7:54-57.
• Otto M, editor Molecular basis of StaphylococcuS epidermidis infections. Seminars in immunopathology; 2012: Springer.
• Grice EA, Segre JA. The skin microbiome. Nature Reviews Microbiology. 2011;9:244-253.
• Studzinski GP, Hames BD, Rickwood. D. Cell growth and Apoptosis, a practical approach. 1st edn. New York: Oxford university press, 1995.
• Behzadi P, Behzadi. Detection of Apoptosis Feature in Ultra- violet Light-Exposed Trichophyton rubrum. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences. 2006;26:607-610.
• Behzadi P, Behzadi E. An in vitro survey on the apoptotic ef- fects of UVB ray in Bacillus anthracis. Maedica 2011;6:28.
• Behzadi P, Behzadi E. A study on apoptosis inducing effects of UVB irradiation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol. 2011;70:74-77.
• Behzadi P, Behzadi E. Evaluation of UVB light efficacy for inducing apoptosis in Candida albicans cultures. Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol. 2012;71:39-42.
• Behzadi P, Behzadi E. Apoptosis-Triggering Effects: UVB-ir- radiation and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Maedica (Buchar). 2012;7:315-318
• Behzadi P, Behzadi E, Geramishoar M. Apoptosis feature in dermatophyte fungi of Epidermophyton floccosum, Mi- crosporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. IJCID 2010;14:7-11.
• Behzadi E, Behzadi P, Ranjbar R. In vitro apoptotic activity of UVB light in Klebsiella Pneumoniae. Alban Med J 2014;2:18- 22.
• Häder DP, Tevini M. General photobiology. 1st edn. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1987.
• Rogers KL, Fey PD, Rupp ME. Coagulase-negative staphy- lococcal infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2009;23:73-98.
• Diekema D, Pfaller M, Schmitz F, et al. Survey of infections due to Staphylococcus species: frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates collected in the United States, Canada, Latin America, Europe, and the Western Pacific region for the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1997-1999. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32 (Supplement 2):S114-S132.
• Tomasz A, Nachman S, Leaf H. Stable classes of phenotypic expression in methicillin-resistant clinical isolates of staphy- lococci. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991; 35:124-129.
• Weichenthal M, Schwarz T. Phototherapy: how does UV work? Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2005;21:260-266.
• Maverakis E, Miyamura Y, Bowen MP, et al. Light, including ultraviolet. J Autoimmun 2010; 34:J247-J257.
• Souza MS, Hansson LA, Hylander S, et al. Rapid enzymatic response to compensate UV radiation in copepods. PloS One 2012; 7:e32046.
• Behzadi P, Behzadi E, Ranjbar R. Infectious Diseases: UV Therapy or Pharmacotherapy. Sixth Eurasia Congress of Infectious Diseases; 2014; Belgrade, Serbia. Oral Presenta- tion No: 05