The Utilization of Alpha-1 Anti-trypsin (A1AT) in Infectious Disease Monitoring and Treatment

Year 2019, , 51 - 58, 15.03.2019

İrene L. Indalao Agustiningsih Agustiningsih Eka Pratiwi Kartika Dewi Puspa Hartanti Dian Ikawati Ririn Ramadhany

https://doi.org/10.5799/jmid.537178

Abstract

Alpha
one anti-trypsin (A1AT) is a major serine protease inhibitor found circulating
in human blood. A1AT related studies mainly focus on A1AT potential biomarker
as well as therapeutic target in non-infectious diseases. Their findings
indicate A1AT beneficial features may also be applied for monitoring and
treating infectious disease. However, only a few studies have reviewed A1AT’s
useful properties as a biomarker and therapeutic agent for infectious diseases.
This narrative review aims to summarize growing evidences that support the idea
of utilizing A1AT as a tool for monitoring and therapy for infectious diseases.

A1AT
showed potential as a biomarker for a wide spectrum of infectious disease, from
virus, bacteria, to parasite. Its level and functionality were proposed to
predict risk for disease susceptibility or progression and to indicate response
therapy. As promising therapeutic agent in various infectious diseases, the
administration of A1AT has shown antimicrobial activity, immunomodulatory and
anti-apoptotic effect, in addition to more familiar function, suppressing
excessive proteolysis.

The
broad utilization of A1AT, both as biomarker and therapeutic agent, in studies
on infectious diseases seems promising. However, there are issues need to be
investigated further before establishing its feasibility as a monitoring and
therapy tool against infection diseases.  J
Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 9(1): 51-58.

Keywords

Alpha-1 anti-trypsin, virus, bacteria, biomarker, drug, infection, parasite, protozoa, review

References

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