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A Prospective Study of Nonsuppurative Complications of Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Year 2016, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 8 - 11, 01.03.2016
https://doi.org/10.5799/jmid.328760

Abstract

Objective: Group A Streptococci (GAS) are the most important bacterial cause of pharyngitis. Antibiotic therapy can
be prescribed and failure to treat it is associated with suppurative and nonsuppurative complications. Nonsuppurative
complications occur after a latency period of a few weeks and include acute rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, streptococcal
toxic shock syndrome, acute glomerulonephritis, and pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with
group A streptococci. The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of nonsuppurative complications in properly
treated children with GAS pharyngitis.
Methods: We investigated the frequency of nonsuppurative complications in 1030 proven GAS pharyngitis patients between
5 and 15 years old, who were properly treated by a prospective observational study. All patients diagnosed with
GAS pharyngitis were followed up prospectively using a standard form for six months made by monthly phone calls.
Results: All the isolates recovered from the patients were susceptible to penicillin. Twentyseven (2.6%) patients developed
scarlet fever. No other nonsuppurative complications occured in our patient cohort.
Conclusions: Penicillin remains the drug of choice for treatment of GAS pharyngitis. The rate of nonsuppurative co

References

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  • 2. Pichichero ME, Disney FA, Green JL, et al. Comparative reliability of clinical, culture, and antigen detection methods for the diagnosis of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis. Pediatr Ann 1992;21:798-805.
  • 3. Pichichero ME. Group A streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis: cost-effective diagnosis and treatment. Ann Emerg Med 1995;25:390-403.
  • 4. Shulman ST, Bisno AL, Clegg HW, et al. Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis: 2012 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2012;55:1279-1282.
  • 5. Lieberman D, Shvartzman P, Korsonsky I, Lieberman D. Aetiology of respiratory tract infections: clinical assessment versus serological tests. Br J Gen Pract 2001; 51:998-1000.
  • 6. Pichichero ME, Disney FA, Talpey WB, et al. Adverse and beneficial effects of immediate treatment of Group A betahemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis with penicillin. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1987;6:635-643.
  • 7. Krober MS, Bass JW, Michels GN. Streptococcal pharyngitis. Placebo-controlled double-blind evaluation of clinical response to penicillin therapy. JAMA 1985;253:1271-1274.
  • 8. Merrill B, Kelsberg G, Jankowski TA, Danis P. Clinical inquiries. What is the most effective diagnostic evaluation of streptococcal pharyngitis? J Fam Pract 2004;53:734;7-8, 40.
  • 9. Cooper RJ, Hoffman JR, Bartlett JG, et al. Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for acute pharyngitis in adults: background. Ann Emerg Med 2001;37:711-719.
  • 10. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Twentieth informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S20. CLSI; Wayne, PA: 2010. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
  • 11. Bisno AL, Gerber MA, Gwaltney JM, Jr., et al. Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2002;35:113-125.
  • 12. White CB, Bass JW, Yamada SM. Rapid latex agglutination compared with the throat culture for the detection of group A streptococcal infection. Pediatr Infect Dis 1986;5:208-212.
  • 13. Nelson JD. The effect of penicillin therapy on the symptoms and signs of streptococcal pharyngitis. Pediatr Infect Dis 1984;3:10-13.
  • 14. Brink WR, Rammelkamp CH Jr., Denny FW, Wannamaker LW. Effect in penicillin and aureomycin on the natural course of streptococcal tonsillitis and pharyngitis. Am J Med 1951;10:300-308.
  • 15. Dajani A, Taubert K, Ferrieri P, et al. Treatment of acute streptococcal pharyngitis and prevention of rheumatic fever: a statement for health professionals. Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, the American Heart Association. Pediatrics 1995;96:758-64.
  • 16. Carapetis JR. Rheumatic heart disease in developing countries. N Engl J Med 2007; 357:439-441.
  • 17. Gordis L. The virtual disappearance of rheumatic fever in the United States: lessons in the rise and fall of disease. T. Duckett Jones memorial lecture. Circulation 1985;72:1155-1162.
  • 18. Miyake CY, Gauvreau K, Tani LY, et al. Characteristics of children discharged from hospitals in the United States in 2000 with the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. Pediatrics 2007;120:503-508.
  • 19. Beyazova U, Benli D, Beyazova M. Akut romatizmal ateş görülme sıklığı. Çocuk Sağ Hast Derg 1987;2:76-80.
  • 20. Orun UA, Ceylan O, Bilici M, et al. Acute rheumatic fever in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey: a 30-year experience in a single center. Eur J Pediatr 2012;171:361-368.
  • 21. Shetty A, Mills C, Eggleton K. Primary care management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis in Northland. J Prim Health Care 2014;6:189-194.
  • 22. Stetson CA, Rammelkamp CH Jr., Krause RM, Kohen RJ, Perry WD. Epidemic acute nephritis: studies on etiology, natural history and prevention. Medicine (Baltimore) 1955;34:431-450.
  • 23. Anthony BF, Kaplan EL, Wannamaker LW, et al. Attack rates of acute nephritis after type 49 streptococcal infection of the skin and of the respiratory tract. J Clin Invest 1969;48:1697- 704.
  • 24. Rammelkamp CH Jr., Weaver RS. Acute glomerulonephritis, the significance of the variations in the incidence of the disease. J Clin Invest 1953;32:345-358.
  • 25 .Sagel I, Treser G, Ty A, et al. Occurrence and nature of glomerular lesions after group A streptococci infections in children. Ann Intern Med 1973;79:492-499.
  • 26. Sarrell EM, Giveon SM. Streptococcal pharyngitis: a prospective study of compliance and complications. ISRN Pediatr 2012;2012:796389.
Year 2016, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 8 - 11, 01.03.2016
https://doi.org/10.5799/jmid.328760

Abstract

References

  • 1. Martin JM, Green M. Group A streptococcus. Semin Pediatr Infect Dis 2006;17:140-148.
  • 2. Pichichero ME, Disney FA, Green JL, et al. Comparative reliability of clinical, culture, and antigen detection methods for the diagnosis of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis. Pediatr Ann 1992;21:798-805.
  • 3. Pichichero ME. Group A streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis: cost-effective diagnosis and treatment. Ann Emerg Med 1995;25:390-403.
  • 4. Shulman ST, Bisno AL, Clegg HW, et al. Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis: 2012 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2012;55:1279-1282.
  • 5. Lieberman D, Shvartzman P, Korsonsky I, Lieberman D. Aetiology of respiratory tract infections: clinical assessment versus serological tests. Br J Gen Pract 2001; 51:998-1000.
  • 6. Pichichero ME, Disney FA, Talpey WB, et al. Adverse and beneficial effects of immediate treatment of Group A betahemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis with penicillin. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1987;6:635-643.
  • 7. Krober MS, Bass JW, Michels GN. Streptococcal pharyngitis. Placebo-controlled double-blind evaluation of clinical response to penicillin therapy. JAMA 1985;253:1271-1274.
  • 8. Merrill B, Kelsberg G, Jankowski TA, Danis P. Clinical inquiries. What is the most effective diagnostic evaluation of streptococcal pharyngitis? J Fam Pract 2004;53:734;7-8, 40.
  • 9. Cooper RJ, Hoffman JR, Bartlett JG, et al. Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for acute pharyngitis in adults: background. Ann Emerg Med 2001;37:711-719.
  • 10. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Twentieth informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S20. CLSI; Wayne, PA: 2010. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
  • 11. Bisno AL, Gerber MA, Gwaltney JM, Jr., et al. Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2002;35:113-125.
  • 12. White CB, Bass JW, Yamada SM. Rapid latex agglutination compared with the throat culture for the detection of group A streptococcal infection. Pediatr Infect Dis 1986;5:208-212.
  • 13. Nelson JD. The effect of penicillin therapy on the symptoms and signs of streptococcal pharyngitis. Pediatr Infect Dis 1984;3:10-13.
  • 14. Brink WR, Rammelkamp CH Jr., Denny FW, Wannamaker LW. Effect in penicillin and aureomycin on the natural course of streptococcal tonsillitis and pharyngitis. Am J Med 1951;10:300-308.
  • 15. Dajani A, Taubert K, Ferrieri P, et al. Treatment of acute streptococcal pharyngitis and prevention of rheumatic fever: a statement for health professionals. Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, the American Heart Association. Pediatrics 1995;96:758-64.
  • 16. Carapetis JR. Rheumatic heart disease in developing countries. N Engl J Med 2007; 357:439-441.
  • 17. Gordis L. The virtual disappearance of rheumatic fever in the United States: lessons in the rise and fall of disease. T. Duckett Jones memorial lecture. Circulation 1985;72:1155-1162.
  • 18. Miyake CY, Gauvreau K, Tani LY, et al. Characteristics of children discharged from hospitals in the United States in 2000 with the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. Pediatrics 2007;120:503-508.
  • 19. Beyazova U, Benli D, Beyazova M. Akut romatizmal ateş görülme sıklığı. Çocuk Sağ Hast Derg 1987;2:76-80.
  • 20. Orun UA, Ceylan O, Bilici M, et al. Acute rheumatic fever in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey: a 30-year experience in a single center. Eur J Pediatr 2012;171:361-368.
  • 21. Shetty A, Mills C, Eggleton K. Primary care management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis in Northland. J Prim Health Care 2014;6:189-194.
  • 22. Stetson CA, Rammelkamp CH Jr., Krause RM, Kohen RJ, Perry WD. Epidemic acute nephritis: studies on etiology, natural history and prevention. Medicine (Baltimore) 1955;34:431-450.
  • 23. Anthony BF, Kaplan EL, Wannamaker LW, et al. Attack rates of acute nephritis after type 49 streptococcal infection of the skin and of the respiratory tract. J Clin Invest 1969;48:1697- 704.
  • 24. Rammelkamp CH Jr., Weaver RS. Acute glomerulonephritis, the significance of the variations in the incidence of the disease. J Clin Invest 1953;32:345-358.
  • 25 .Sagel I, Treser G, Ty A, et al. Occurrence and nature of glomerular lesions after group A streptococci infections in children. Ann Intern Med 1973;79:492-499.
  • 26. Sarrell EM, Giveon SM. Streptococcal pharyngitis: a prospective study of compliance and complications. ISRN Pediatr 2012;2012:796389.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section ART
Authors

Mesut Yılmaz This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yılmaz, M. (2016). A Prospective Study of Nonsuppurative Complications of Streptococcal Pharyngitis. Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 6(1), 8-11. https://doi.org/10.5799/jmid.328760
AMA Yılmaz M. A Prospective Study of Nonsuppurative Complications of Streptococcal Pharyngitis. J Microbil Infect Dis. March 2016;6(1):8-11. doi:10.5799/jmid.328760
Chicago Yılmaz, Mesut. “A Prospective Study of Nonsuppurative Complications of Streptococcal Pharyngitis”. Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 6, no. 1 (March 2016): 8-11. https://doi.org/10.5799/jmid.328760.
EndNote Yılmaz M (March 1, 2016) A Prospective Study of Nonsuppurative Complications of Streptococcal Pharyngitis. Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 6 1 8–11.
IEEE M. Yılmaz, “A Prospective Study of Nonsuppurative Complications of Streptococcal Pharyngitis”, J Microbil Infect Dis, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 8–11, 2016, doi: 10.5799/jmid.328760.
ISNAD Yılmaz, Mesut. “A Prospective Study of Nonsuppurative Complications of Streptococcal Pharyngitis”. Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 6/1 (March 2016), 8-11. https://doi.org/10.5799/jmid.328760.
JAMA Yılmaz M. A Prospective Study of Nonsuppurative Complications of Streptococcal Pharyngitis. J Microbil Infect Dis. 2016;6:8–11.
MLA Yılmaz, Mesut. “A Prospective Study of Nonsuppurative Complications of Streptococcal Pharyngitis”. Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, vol. 6, no. 1, 2016, pp. 8-11, doi:10.5799/jmid.328760.
Vancouver Yılmaz M. A Prospective Study of Nonsuppurative Complications of Streptococcal Pharyngitis. J Microbil Infect Dis. 2016;6(1):8-11.