Epidemiology of Antimicrobial Resistance among Escherichia coli Strains in Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

Year 2016, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 107 - 112, 01.09.2016

Collins Kibenei Kipkorir, Philip Bett, Patrick O. Onyango, David Miruka Onyango, Cyrus Ayieko, Paul Oyieng Ang'ienda

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and the genetic basis to antimicrobial
resistance, targeting blaTEM gene expression of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli among patients suffering from
gastroenteritis in Kitale County Referral Hospital.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted. A total of 103 fecal specimens were collected from participants
ranging in age from two weeks to 82 years. E. coli was isolated and identified based on phenotypic and biochemical
properties. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction
was used to detect the presence of blaTEM gene.
Results: The prevalence of E. coli was 90.2% and age of the patient explained 53% of variation in prevalence. Isolates
of diarrheagenic E. coli showed varied degree of susceptibility with sulfamethoxazole at 97%, co-trimoxazole 96%, ampicillin
84%, chloramphenicol 27%, tetracycline 16%, kanamycin 10% and streptomycin 9%. However, E. coli was highly
sensitive to gentamicin at 96.8%. Approximately 42.2% of E. coli isolates were multidrug resistant to sulfamethoxazole,
co-trimoxazole, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, kanamycin and streptomycin. All isolates that were resistant
to ampicillin harbored blaTEM gene suggesting genetic mediation.
Conclusion: The observed pattern of resistance to antibiotics points to the need to regulate their use and arrest buildup
of resistant genes within the population. J Microbiol Infect Dis 2016;6(3): 107-112  Antimicrobial resistance, antimicrobial susceptibility, blaTEM gene, Escherichia coli

Keywords

Antimicrobial resistance, antimicrobial susceptibility, blaTEM gene, Escherichia coli

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