Phenotypic Detection of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase and AmpC producing Enterobacteriaceae Isolated in A General Hospital

Year 2018, Volume: 08 Issue: 03, 113 - 119, 15.09.2018

Cecile Okalla Ebongue Roane Nkodo Mengue Jean-pierre Nda Mefo’o Elvis Temfack Emmanuel Roddy Mengue Dieudonne Adiogo

https://doi.org/10.5799/jmid.458461

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Objective: The antibiotic resistance of Enterobacteriaceae is a worldwide preoccupation, and misuse
antibiotics of beta-lactam group allowed the development of bacteria producing
extended spectrum beta-lactamase and cephalosporinase AmpC enzymes type
resistance. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of these
enzymes among strains isolated at the General Hospital in Douala, Cameroon.

Methods: We
conducted a cross-sectional study. For phenotypic detection of resistance
enzymes, MASTDISCS™ test impregnated third and fourth generation
cephalosporin’s was used by diffusion on Mueller Hinton agar. Measuring the
inhibition areas and comparing the inhibition diameters determined the nature
of the resistance mechanism.

Results: This
study included 195 strains of Enterobacteriaceae.
The most frequent species were Escherichia
coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae,
with a frequency of 49.2% and 31.3% respectively. After determination of
resistance phenotypes, 101 (51.8%) isolates were found to be producing
resistance enzymes. The frequency of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae was 19.5%; AmpC producing was 14.3% and both
enzymes (AmpC + ESBL) 17.9%. E. coli
and K. pneumoniae resistance rates
were 90% and 83.7% for Cotrimoxazole, 82.5% and 78.3% for ciprofloxacin, 20%
and 13.5% for Amikacin, respectively. Imipenem, Amikacin and Fosfomycin were
the most active molecules with 4.9%, 19.8% and 33.6%, out of 101 resistant
strains, respectively.

Conclusion: This study showed a high frequency of resistance
enzyme producing strains. This situation leads to resistance to antibiotics
most commonly used. This finding justifies a change in prescription habits for
protection of molecules that are still active. J Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 8(3):113-119

Keywords

AmpC, Cameroon, Enterobacteriaceae, ESBL, Resistance

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