Class 1 Integron, Sulfonamide and Florfenicol Resistance Genes in Bacteria from Three Unsanitary Landfills, Ibadan, Nigeria

Year 2019, Volume: 09 Issue: 01, 34 - 42, 15.03.2019

Olawale Olufemi Adelowo Abolaji Idowu Osuntade

https://doi.org/10.5799/jmid.537165

Cited By: 5

Abstract

Objective: Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills recently emerged
as potential reservoirs of antibiotic resistance. However, little is known
about the potentials of unsanitary landfill sites which are common in
developing countries as reservoir of antibiotic resistance. In this study, we
investigated the antibiotic resistance pattern and presence of selected
resistance genes in bacteria from three MSW landfills in Ibadan, southwestern
Nigeria.

Methodology: Fifty six antibiotic- and metal-resistant bacteria
isolated from leachate and leachate-contaminated surface and groundwater
collected from three MSW landfills in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria, were
searched for sulfonamides, florfenicol and beta-lactams resistance genes and
integrons by PCR.

Results:
None
of the 27 β-lactamase genes tested was detected in the isolates. sul1, sul2 and floR were
however detected in 12 (21.4%), 2 (3.6%) and 12 (21.4%) bacteria species
identified as Alcaligenes faecalis, Advenella kashmirensis, Brevundimonas spp. and Ralstonia pickettii. The 12 bacteria
carrying sul1/floR gene combination were also positive for class 1 integron.
Analysis of the gene cassettes in the variable regions of the class 1 integrons
(>1.5kb) of the 12 intl1-positive isolates revealed the presence of aadB and unknown genes. The deduced
amino acid sequence of the unknown portion of the gene cassettes shared 42-65%
identity with sequences of Class D β-lactamase and OXA-2-like protein in the
GenBank.

Conclusions: Findings of this
study suggest that the landfill ecosystem is a potential site for the evolution
of novel resistance genes and are hence important reservoir of antibiotic
resistant bacteria.  J Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 9(1): 34-42.

Keywords

Landfill leachate, antibiotic resistance, sul genes, floR, aadB, class D β-lactamase

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