Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Solidity on Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Performance by Taguchi Method

Abstract

Recently, since the use of Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT) has increased in urban applications, passive control studies on improving VAWT performance have become widespread. In this study, solidity optimization was performed to improve the power coefficient (CP) performance of VAWT. Optimization was achieved by the Taguchi method. Studies were carried out with 3 control factors including turbine blade number (N), turbine blade chord length (v), turbine diameter (D). The L9 (33) orthogonal array was designed with the determined factors. All models are obtained using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with a blade tip speed ratio (λ) of 2.62. The contribution amounts of each control factor to the performance were obtained by the analysis of variant (ANOVA) method. Then, the estimated CP of VAWT were developed by creating a linear equation containing control factors with Regression analysis. In the results, parameter configuration N=2, v=60 mm, D=1.2 m, which ensures optimal system performance, was obtained. The CP value of the optimal model was found to be 9.96% higher than the traditional DERT. With the ANOVA method, the contribution order of the parameters DERT to CP was obtained as D>N>v. According to these results, the D parameter had the most major effect with 62.11%, and the v parameter had the least effect with 1.73%. It has been observed that the estimated results obtained from the regression analysis (RA) with the confirmation test are in good agreement with the numerical results.

Keywords

• Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT)
• Solidity
• Optimization
• CFD
• Power Coefficient (CP)
• Analysis of Variant (ANOVA)

Taguchi Yöntemiyle Sağlamlık Oranının Dikey Eksenli Rüzgâr Türbini Performansına Olan Etkisinin Sayısal Olarak İncelenmesi

Öz

Son dönemde, Dikey Eksenli Rüzgâr türbinlerinin (DERT) kullanımı kentsel alan uygulamalarında artmasından dolayı, DERT performansının geliştirilmesi üzerine pasif kontrol çalışmaları yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, DERT’in güç katsayısı (CP) performansını geliştirmek için sağlamlık oranı optimizasyonu gerçekleştirmiştir. Optimizasyon, Taguchi metodu sayesinde elde edilmiştir. Türbin kanat sayısı (N), türbin kanadı veter uzunluğu (v), türbin çapını (D) içeren 3 kontrol faktörü ile çalışmalar yürütülmüştür. Belirlenen faktörler ile L9 (33) ortogonal dizisi dizayn edilmiştir. Tüm modeller 2.62 kanat uç hız oranı (λ) ile hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği (HAD) kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Varyant analizi (ANOVA) yöntemiyle her bir kontrol faktörünün performansa olan katkı miktarları elde edilmiştir. Daha sonra Regresyon analiziyle, kontrol faktörlerini içeren lineer denklem oluşturularak, DERT’in tahmini CP değerleri geliştirilmiştir. Sonuçlarda, sistem performansının optimal olmasını sağlayan parametre konfigürasyon N=2, v=60 mm, D=1.2 m, olarak elde edilmiştir. Optimal modelin CP değeri, geleneksel DERT’e göre %9.96 daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. ANOVA yöntemiyle parametrelerin DERT’in CP’ye olan katkı sıralaması D>N>v olarak elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlara, göre D parametresi, %62.11 ile en majör etkiyi, v parametresi ise %1.73 ile en az etkiyi sağlamıştır. Doğrulama testi ile regresyon analizinden (RA) elde edilen tahmini sonuçların, nümerik sonuçlar ile oldukça uyumlu olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dikey Eksenli Rüzgâr Türbini (DERT)
• Sağlamlık Oranı
• Optimizasyon
• HAD
• Güç katsayısı (CP)
• Varyant Analizi (ANOVA)

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