Coating of the Surface of 316L Stainless Steel with Hydroxyapatite Produced from Eggshell Using the Sol-Gel Method

Abstract

In this study, the production of high-yield and purity calcium nitrate from eggshell, a biological waste, and the usability of the obtained calcium nitrate in the production of hydroxyapatite (HAP) by the sol-gel method were investigated. In addition, the obtained HAP was used to coat 316L steel using the dip coating method. For this purpose, calcium nitrate, which will be used as a precursor in HAP production, was produced from chicken eggshells with high calcium carbonate content. The surface of 316L stainless steel discs was coated with sol-gel obtained from a mixture of calcium nitrate and triethyl phosphite by dip-coating method. Then, the 316L discs were dried and heat treated at 500 °C to form HAP on their surfaces. XRD and SEM techniques were used for the characterization of the obtained HAP structure. Unlike previous studies, it has been shown that chicken eggshell, a biological waste, can be used to produce HAP, a biocompatible material, and the surface of 316L stainless steel can be coated with the produced HAP.

Keywords

• Hydroxyapatite
• Eggshell
• 316L stainless steel
• Sol-gel method

Yumurta Kabuğundan Üretilmiş Hidroksiapatit ile 316L Paslanmaz Çelik Yüzeyinin Sol-Jel Yöntemi Kullanılarak Kaplanması

Abstract

Bu çalışmada biyolojik bir atık olan yumurta kabuğundan yüksek verim ve saflıkta kalsiyum nitrat eldesi ve elde edilen kalsiyum nitratın sol-jel yöntemiyle hidroksiapatit (HAP) üretiminde kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca elde edilen HAP daldırıp-çıkarma (dip-coating) yöntemi kullanılarak 316L çeliğinin kaplanmasında kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla, HAP üretiminde öncül olarak kullanılacak kalsiyum nitrat, kalsiyum karbonat içeriği yüksek tavuk yumurtası kabuklarından üretildi. 316L paslanmaz çelik disklerin yüzeyi, kalsiyum nitrat ve trietil fosfit karışımından elde edilen sol-jel ile daldırıp-çıkarma (dip-coating) yöntemiyle kaplandı. Sonra, 316L diskler kurutuldu ve yüzeylerinde HAP oluşturmak için 500 °C'de ısıl işleme tabi tutuldu. Elde edilen yapıların karakterizasyonunda XRD ve SEM tekniklerinden faydalanılmıştır. Daha önce yapılan çalışmalardan farklı olarak, biyolojik bir atık olan tavuk yumurtası kabuğunun biyouyumlu bir malzeme olan HAP üretiminde kullanılabileceği ve üretilen HAP ile 316L paslanmaz çeliğin yüzeyinin kaplanabileceği gösterilmiştir.

Keywords

• Hidroksiapatit
• Yumurta kabuğu
• 316L paslanmaz çelik
• Sol-jel yöntemi

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