Türkiye Kıyılarında Kırlangıç Balığının (Chelidonichthys lucerna Linnaeus, 1758) Otolit Kimyası ve Otolit Şekil Analizi Kullanılarak Populasyon Yapısı

Abstract

Chelidonichthys lucerna ekonomik öneme sahip demersal bir türdür. Ülkemizde aşırı avcılık baskısı altındadır ve elde edilen miktar azalmaktadır. Türün populasyon yapısı, habitat bağlantıları hakkındaki bilgi sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye kıyılarında dört avlanma bölgesinde (Karadeniz/Ordu, Marmara Denizi/Bandırma, Ege Denizi/Foça ve Akdeniz/Mersin) Şubat 2020-Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında yakalanan 160 adet bireyin otolit şekli ve kimyası incelenmiştir. Boy aralığı benzer bireylerin TL (19-25 cm, TL) otolit morfolojisi ve kimyası (Li:Ca, Na:Ca, Mg:Ca, Mn:Ca, Fe:Ca, Co:Ca, Ni:Ca, Cu:Ca, Zn:Ca, Sr:Ca, Ba:Ca, Pb:Ca, K:Ca, P:Ca) tek ve çok değişkenli istatistiksel analizlerle değerlendirilmiştir. Otolit morfolojisi ve kimyası tekniklerinin genel kombinasyonu, örneklerin orijinal konumlarına en yüksek yeniden sınıflandırma başarısını (%75-%90) ve örnekleme bölgeleri arasında önemli farklılıkların varlığını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Otolit şekil analizleri ve otolit kimyası birlikte değerlendirildiğinde dört denizden örneklenen (Karadeniz, Marmara, Ege ve Akdeniz) C. lucerna bireylerini tam olarak ayırt edebilmiştir. Ayrıca, analiz sonuçları, Marmara ve Ege denizlerindeki bireyler arasında habitat bağlantılarının bulunduğunu, C. lucerna stokları açısından Karadeniz ve Akdeniz'in izole bölgeler olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen şekil ve kimyasal bulgular, C. lucerna'nın Türkiye kıyılarında tek bir stok birimi olmadığını ve bu balık stoklarının balıkçılık amacıyla ayrı ayrı yönetilmesi gerektiğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

• Triglidae
• Doğal etiket
• Sagitta
• Stok ayırımı
• Balıkçılık yönetimi

Population Structure of the Tub Gurnard (Chelidonichthys lucerna Linnaeus, 1758) in Türkiye Coasts Using Otolith Chemistry and Shape Analysis

Abstract

Chelidonichthys lucerna is an economically important demersal species. It is under excessive fishing pressure and yields from fisheries are in decline in Türkiye. Information about the species' population structure and habitat connections is limited. In this study, otolith chemistry and shape analyses of 160 individuals captured between February 2020 and December 2020, in the four main fishing grounds of Türkiye coasts (Black Sea/Ordu, Marmara Sea/Bandırma, Aegean Sea/Foça, Mediterranean Sea/Mersin) were investigated. Otolith morphology and chemistry (Li:Ca, Na:Ca, Mg:Ca, Mn:Ca, Fe:Ca, Co:Ca, Ni:Ca, Cu:Ca, Zn:Ca, Sr:Ca, Ba:Ca , Pb:Ca, K:Ca, P:Ca) of the individuals with similar length range (19-25 cm, TL) were evaluated by univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. The overall combination of otolith elemental chemistry and morphology techniques revealed the highest re-classification success (75%-90%) of samples to their original location and the existence of significant differences among sampling regions. When otolith shape analysis and otolith chemistry were evaluated together, linear discrimination function analyses fully discriminated C. lucerna individuals from the four sampling regions (Black Sea, Marmara, Aegean, Mediterranean). Moreover, the results of the analyses revealed that there were habitat connections among individuals from the Sea of Marmara and Aegean Sea and that the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea were isolated regions in terms of C. lucerna stocks. The shape and chemical signatures suggest that C. lucerna is apparently not a single stock-unit in the Turkish coasts and that these fish stocks should be managed separately for fisheries purposes.

Keywords

• Triglidae
• Natural tag
• Sagitta
• Stock discrimination
• Fisheries management

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