A Review of the Research on Reproductive Biology of Turkish Marine Fishes

Abstract

The teleost fish stocks distributed in Turkish seas are threatened due to overfishing, pollution, global warming and increasing food competition. There is a need to provide scientific knowledge on reproductive traits of commercial species in order to ensure the sustainability of fish stocks. Parameters related to reproductive biology of fishes such as sex ratio, first sexual maturity length, gonadosomatic index, fecundity and reproductive period are rather effective constituents that should be taken into consideration in the decision making process by fisheries managers. In this study, studies on reproductive biologies of teleost fishes from Turkish waters have been reviewed. A total of 177 studies were compiled that focused on 91 species belonging to 41 families. Reviewed data indicated that existing studies focused on certain fishing areas in the Turkish seas and no information were provided on reproductive biologies of some species. In some species, important parameters such as first sexual maturity length, reproductive period, gonadosomatic index and fecundity were not available.

Keywords

• Population
• stock
• reproduction
• sexual maturity
• area
• marine fish

Türkiye Deniz Balıklarının Üreme Biyolojisi Araştırmaları Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme

Abstract

Ülkemiz sularında dağılım gösteren kemikli balık stokları aşırı avcılık, kirlilik, küresel ısınma ve artan besin rekabeti nedeniyle tehlike altındadır. Balık stoklarının sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanması hedefi için öncelikle bilimsel bilgi eksikliğinin giderilmesi gerekmektedir. Balıklarda üreme biyolojisine ait cinsiyet oranı, ilk eşeysel olgunluk boyu, gonadosomatik indeks, fekondite ve üreme dönemi gibi parametreler, balıkçılık yöneticilerinin karar almasında oldukça etkilidir. Bu çalışmada geçmişten günümüze ülkemiz sularında dağılım gösteren kemikli balık stoklarına ait türler üzerine gerçekleştirilmiş üreme biyolojisi çalışmalarının sonuçları özetlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Literatür taraması sonucunda 41 familyaya ait 91 tür üzerine 177 adet çalışma tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, bazı türlerde üreme biyolojisiyle alakalı çalışma bulunmadığı, var olan çalışmaların ise denizlerimizdeki belirli alanlarda yoğunlaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Bazı türlerde ise ilk eşeysel olgunluk boyu, üreme dönemi, gonadosomatik indeks ve fekondite gibi önemli parametrelerin eksik olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

• Populasyon
• stok
• üreme
• eşeysel olgunluk
• bölge
• deniz balıkları

References

1. Ahlstrom E.H., Ball O.P., 1954. Description of eggs and larvae of jack mackerel (Trachurus symmetricus) and distribution and abundance of larvae in 1950 and 1951. Fish. Bull. U.S. 56: 209-245.
2. Ak O., Genç Y., 2013. Growth and reproduction of the greaterweever (Trachinus draco L., 1758) along the eastern coast of the Black Sea. Journal of the Black sea/Mediterranean Environment, 19: 95-110.
3. Ak O., Kutlu S., Karayücel I., 2011. Some reproductive characteristics of Uranoscopus scaber Linnaeus, 1758 (Pisces: Uranoscopidae) in the Black Sea (Turkey). Cah.Biol. Mar,. 52: 253-260.
4. Akyol O., 1999. Homa Dalyanı (İzmir Körfezi) Kefal (Mugilidae) Türlerinin Demekolojisi. Doktora Tezi. Ege Üniversitesi, Bornova, İzmir. 124 s.
5. Akyol O., 2001. Some biological properties and stock estimates of Zeus faber L., 1758 (Pisces, Zeidae) in the Aegean coasts of Turkey. E.U. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 18: 39-46.
6. Akyol O., 2003. Age, growth and reproduction period of grass goby (Zosterisessor ophiocephalus Pallas, 1811) in the Bay of Izmir (Aegean Sea). Archive of Fishery and Marine Research, 50(2), 220-224.
7. Alıçlı T.Z., Oray I.K., Karakulak FS., Kahraman A.E., 2012, Age and growth of swordfish (Xiphias gladius L., 1758) in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Collect. Vol. Sci. Pap. ICCAT 52(2): 698-707.
8. Arslan, M., & İşmen, A. (2013). Age, growth and reproduction of Mullus surmuletus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Saros Bay (Northern Aegean Sea). J. Black Sea/Medit. Environ., 19, 217-233.

9. Arslan M., İşmen A., 2014. Age, growth, reproduction and feeding of Mullus barbatus in Saros Bay (North Aegean Sea). J. Black Sea/Medit. Environ., 20: 184-199.
10. Avşar D., 2005. Balıkçılık Biyolojisi ve Populasyon Dinamiği. Nobel Yayınevi, Adana, 332.
11. Aydin, M. (2011). Growth, reproduction and diet of pufferfish (Lagocephalus sceleratus Gmelin, 1789) from Turkey’s Mediterranean sea coast. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 11, 589-596.
12. Aydın İ., Şahin T., 2011. Reproductive performance of turbot (Psetta maxima) in the southeastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 35(1): 109-113. DOI: 10.3906/zoo-0905-26
13. Aydin M., Karadurmuş U., 2012. Age, growth, length-weight relationship and reproduction of the Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus Linnaeus, 1758) in Ordu (Black Sea). Ordu University Journal of Science and Technology, 2, 68-77.
14. Aydın M., Karadurmuş U., 2013. An investigation on age, growth and biological characteristics of red mullet (Mullus barbatus ponticus, Essipov, 1927) in the eastern Black Sea. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Science, 12, 277-288.
15. Azgider B., 2016. Marmara Denizi, Yalova açıklarında avlanan hamsi [Engraulis encrasicolus (Linneaus, 1758)] populasyonunun bazı biyolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
16. Bal H., Yanık T., Türker D., 2018. Growth and reproductive characteristics of the bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus, 1766) in the Marmara Sea. Ege J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 35(1): 95-101, 10.12714/egejfas.2018.35.1.15
17. Balcı B.A., 2011. Kırma mercan (Pagellus erythrinus L., 1758)’da hipofiz-gonad histolojisi ve üreme ile ilgili hormonal durumun belirlenmesi. Doktora tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi, 141 s.
18. Balcı B.A., Aktop Y., 2019. Histological assessment of seasonal gonad maturation of red mullet (Mullus barbatus L., 1758) in Antalya Bay of Mediterranean in Turkey. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 47(1): 63-71, DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2018.1564669
19. Balık İ., Emre Y., Sümer Ç., Tamer F.Y., Oskay D.A., Tekşam İ., 2011. Population structure, growth and reproduction of leaping grey mullet (Liza saliens Risso, 1810) in Beymelek Lagoon, Turkey. IJFS., 10(2): 218-229.
20. Bektaş A., 2017. Gökçeada (Kuzey Ege Denizi) çevresinde yaşayan sarpa [Sarpa salpa (Linnaeus, 1758)] balığı populasyonunun biyolojik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
21. Bilecenoğlu, M., Kaya, M., Cihangir, B., & Çiçek, E. (2014). An updated checklist of the marine fishes of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 38, 901-929.
22. Bilgin S., Bircan R. Sümer Ç., Özdemir S., Çelik E.Ş., Ak O., Satılmış H.H., Bayraklı B., 2006. Orta Karadeniz’de (Sinop-Samsun Yöresi) Yaşayan Altınbaş Kefal’ın, Liza aurata (Risso, 1810) (Pisces: Mugilidae), Üreme Biyolojisi ve Populasyon Özellikleri. Fırat Üniv. Fen ve Müh. Bil. Der. 18 (1), 49-62.
23. Bilgin S, Çelik E.S., 2009. Age, growth and reproduction of the black scorpionfish, Scorpaena porcus (Pisces, Scorpaenidae), on the Black Sea coast of Turkey. J Appl Ichthyol., 25: 55-60.
24. Bilgin S., Bal H., Taşçı B., 2012. Length based growth estimates and reproduction biology of whiting, Merlangius merlangus euxinus (Nordman, 1840) in the southeast Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12: 871-881.
25. Bilgin S, Onay H., 2020. Reproduction and Seasonal Growth Estimates of the Black Goby, Gobius niger (Osteichthyes: Perciformes: Gobiidae) in the Southeastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 5(4): 466-474.
26. Bilgin S., Onay H., 2020. Spawning period and size at maturity of scaldback, Arnoglossus kessleri Schmidt, 1915 (Pleuronectiformes: Bothidae), caught by beam trawl in the Black Sea, Turkey. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 35(1), 13-18.
27. Birim D., 2009. İzmir Körfezi'nde Serranus cabrilla (Linnaeus, 1758) ve Serranus hepatus (Linnaeus, 1758)'un (hani balıkları) üreme özellikleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
28. Bök T., Oray I.K., 2001. Age and Growth of Bullet Tuna Auxis rochei (Rısso,1810) in Turkısh Waters. Col.Vol.Sci.Pap.ICCAT, 52(2): 702-718.
29. Buhan E., 1998. Development of lagoon managment by the reserach on the gray mullet in Koyceğiz lagoon system, (in Turkish). Bodrum Su Ür. Araş. Ens., Seri B Yayın No:3.
30. Burkay H., 2016. Edremit Körfezi (Kuzey Ege Denizi) tavukbalığı, Trisopterus minutus capelanus (Lacepede, 1800) populasyonunun biyolojik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
31. Cengiz O., 2012. Age, Growth, Mortality and Reproduction of the Chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus Houttuyn, 1782) from Saros Bay (Northern Aegean Sea, Turkey). Turk. J. Fisheries and Aqua. Sci. 12(1-2):1-11.
32. Cengiz Ö., İşmen A., Özekinci U., 2014. Reproductive biology of the spotted flounder, Citharus linguatula (Actinopterygii: Pleuronectiformes: Citharidae), from Saros Bay (northern Aegean Sea, Turkey). Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 44(2): 123-129.
33. Cengiz Ö, Özekinci U., İşmen A., Öztekin A., 2015. Age and growth of the four-spotted megrim (Lepidorhombus boscii Risso, 1810) from Saros Bay (Northern Aegean Sea, Turkey). Mediterranean Marine Science, 14(1): 36-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.328
34. Cengiz Ö., 2019. Some reproductive characteristics of the blotched picarel Spicara maena (Perciformes: Centracanthidae) from Saros Bay, Northern Aegean Sea, Turkey. Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía, 54(2): 174-179. https://doi.org/10.22370/rbmo.2019. 54.2.1905
35. Cerim, H., Ateş C., 2019. Reproductive Biology of Female Common Sole , Solea solea ( Linnaeus , 1758 ) in the Southern Aegean Sea. Acta Biologica Turcica, 32(3): 143-148.
36. Ceyhan T, Akyol O, Ayaz A, Juanes F., 2007. Age, growth, and reproductive season of bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) in the Marmara region, Turkey. ICES J Mar Sci., 64: 531-536.
37. Cihangir B., 1996. Reproduction of European pilchard, Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) in the Aegean Sea. Turk. J. Zool., 20: 33-50.
38. Coop, G.H., Kova´cˇ V., & Hensel, K. (1999). When Do Fishes Become Juveniles?. Kluwer, London
39. Çelik O., Torcu H., 2000. Investigations on the biology of red mullet (Mullus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758) in Edremit Bay, Aegean Sea, Turkey, Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 24(3), 287-295.
40. Çelik E.Ş.¸ Bircan R., 2004. An investigation on the reproductioncharacteristics of the Black scorpionfish (Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758) in Dardanelles. Science and Eng. J. Fırat Univ., 16, 327-335.
41. Çicek E., Avsar D., Özyurt C.E., Yeldan H., Manaşırlı M., 2008. Age, growth, reproduction and mortality of Tub Gurnard (Chelidonichthys lucernus (Linnaeus, 1758)) inhabiting in Babadillimani Bight (northeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey). J Biol Sci., 8:155-160.
42. Çiloğlu E., Şahin C., Zengin M., Genç Y., 2001. Determination of some population parameters and reproduction period of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) on the Trabzon-Yomra coast in the eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 25: 831-837.
43. Çiloğlu, E., & Akgümüş, Ş. (2019). Age, Growth and Gonado-somatic Index of the Red Mullet ( Mullus barbatus ponticus Essipov, 1927 ) in the Eastern Black Sea coast of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture – Food Science and Technology, 7 (2), 186-191
44. Çoker T., Akyol O., Özaydın O., Leblebici S., Tosunoğlu Z., 2008. Determination of batch fecundity in Uranoscopus scaber (Linneaus, 1758) from Aegean Sea, Turkey. J. Appl. Ichthyol., 24: 85-87.
45. Daban İ.B., İşmen A., İhsanoğlu M.A., Cabbar K., 2020. Age, growth and reproductive biology of the saddled seabream (Oblada melanura) in the North Aegean Sea, Eastern Mediterranean. Oceanol. Hydrobiol. Stud., 49: 13-22.
46. Daban İ.B., İşmen A., 2020. Fish larvae assemblages of Gökçeada Island, North Aegean Sea: effect of weekly sampling interval on their incidences. Turk. J. Zool. 44, 165-172. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1907-46
47. Daban İ.B., Arslan İhsanoğlu M., İşmen A., Şirin M., Yığın C.Ç., 2021. Growth parameters and reproductive biology of Citharus linguatula (Linnaeus, 1758) from the sea of Marmara (Turkey). Acta Aquatica Turcica, 17(2), 164-174. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.772524
48. Dalgıç G., Ergün İ.O., Onay H., Ceylan Y., 2021. Determination of some biological characteristics and population parameters of the blotched picarel (Spicara flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) distributed in the Eastern Black Sea (Rize – Hopa). Marine Science and Technology Bulletin 10(2): 142-153, doi: https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.814299
49. Daskalov, G.M. (2002). Overfishing drives a trophic cascade in the Black Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 225, 53–63.
50. Demirel N., Yüksek A., (2013a). Reproductive biology of Trachurus mediterraneus (Carangidae): A detailed study for the Marmara-Black Sea stock. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK, 93: 357-364. doi: 10.1017/S0025315412001014
51. Demirel, N., & Yüksek, A. (2013b). Spawning frequency of Trachurus mediterraneus (Carangidae) in the Sea of Marmara. Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sc. 13, 441-446.
52. Demirel, N., Ulman, A., & Zengin, M. (2020). First large-scale Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea stock assessment reveals dramatic decline of Turkish marine fisheries. Front. Mar. Sci. 7, 1-13. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2020.00103
53. Emre Y., Balık İ., Sümer C., Oskay, D.A., Yesilçimen H.Ö., 2009. Growth and reproduction studies on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) in Beymelek Lagoon, Turkey. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 8(2): 103-114.
54. Emre Y, Balık İ, Sümer C¸ , Oskay DA, Yeşilçimen H.Ö., 2010. Age, growth, length-weight relationship and reproduction of the striped seabream (Lithognathus mormyrus L., 1758)(Sparidae) in the Beymelek Lagoon (Antalya, Turkey).Turk J Zool., 34: 93-100.
55. Engin S., Seyhan K., (2009a). Age, growth, sexual maturity and food composition of Sciaena umbra in the south-easternBlack Sea, Turkey. J Appl Ichthyol., 25: 96-99.
56. Engin S., Seyhan K., (2009b). Biological characteristics ofrock goby, Gobius paganellus (Actinopterygii: Perciformes:Gobiidae), in the south-eastern Black sea. Acta Ichthyol.Piscat. 39: 111-118.
57. Engin S., Seyhan K., 2010. Age, growth, reproduction and diet of the Flatsnout Goby Neogobius platyrostris in the south-eastern Black Sea Coast. Zoology in the Middle East, 50: 59-66.
58. Engin, S., Soykan, O., Cerim, H., & Gülşahin, A. (2020). Preliminary results on the ovarian histology of rabbit fish Siganus rivulatus (Forsskal, 1775) in the southern Aegean Sea, Turkey. Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies, 49(3), 207-214.
59. Ercan, H., Yığın, Ç., & İşmen, A. (2006). Kuzey Ege Denizi’nde İzmarit Balığının (Spicara smaris L., 1758) Yumurta Verimliliği. E.Ü. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 1/3 (23), 413-415.
60. Erdoğan Z., Torcu-Koç H., Gicili S., Ulunehir G., 2010. Age, growth and mortality of European pilchard, Sardina pilchardus in Edremit bay (Northern Aegean sea, Turkey). Cybium, 34:185-193
61. Erdoğan Z., Torcu-Koç H., Köksal S., 2020. Growth and reproduction of spotted flounder Citharus linguatula (L.) in Edremit Bay (Northern Aegean Sea). Acta Biologica Turcica, 33(3): 140-146.
62. Ergene S., Kuru M., 1999. Silifke, Akgöl Paradeniz Dalyanında Yaşayan Topan Kefalin (Mugil cephalus L., 1758) Büyüme özellikleri. Tr. J. of Zoology, 23, (Ek Sayı 2), 665-674.
63. Ergenler A., 2016. İskenderun Körfezi’nde Beyaz Sokar (Siganus rivulatus (Forsskal, 1775))’in Bazı Biyolojik Özellikleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İskenderun Teknik Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 53 pp.
64. Ersönmez H., Özyurt C.E., 2018. İskenderun Körfezi'nde Dağılım Gösteren S. Solea ve S. lascaris’ in Üreme Döneminin Belirlenmesi. Ç.Ü Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 35(7): 39-48.
65. Eryılmaz L., Meriç N., 2005. Some biological characteristics of the Tub gurnard, Chelidonichthys lucernus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Sea of Marmara. Türk J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 29: 367-374.
66. Eryilmaz L., Dalyan C., 2015. Age, growth, and reproductive biology of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (Actinopterygii: Pleuronectiformes: Scophthalmidae), from the south-western coasts of Black Sea, Turkey. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat., 45: 181-188. doi: 10.3750/AIP2015.45.2.08
67. Filiz H., Toğulga M., 2009. Age and growth, reproduction and diet of the black goby, (Gobius niger) from Aegean sea, Turkey. Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 3(3): 243-265.
68. Fuiman L.A., Werner R.G., 2002. Fishery Science: The unique contributions of early life stages. Blackwell science. Oxford, UK.
69. Gıcılı S., 2007. Ege denizi Edremit Körfezi‟nde Sardalya Balığı (Sardina pilchardus walbaum, 1792)nın Biyolojisi Üzerine Araştırmalar, Yüksek lisans tezi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Balıkesir.
70. Gökçe M.A., Cengizler İ., Özak A.A., 2003. Gonad histology and spawning pattern of the white grouper (Epinephelus aeneus) from Iskenderun Bay (Turkey). Turk.J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 27: 957-964.
71. Göksungur E., Erdem Ü., 2005. Biology of the whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) in the Marmara Sea (Turkey). The 7th Balkan Conference on Opertaional Research. “BACOR 05” Constanta, May 2005, pp.1-13, Romania.
72. Gül G., İşmen A., Arslan M., 2014. Age, growth, and reproduction of Dentex maroccanus (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Sparidae) in the Saros Bay (north Aegean Sea). Acta Ichthyol. Piscat., 44(44): 295-300.
73. Güneş, E., Şahin, T., & Düzgüneş, E. (2011). Age, Growth and Reproduction of Flounder (Platichthys flesus luscus Pallas, 1811) in the South-eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Science & Technology, 6(2), 53-59.
74. Gürkan S., Taşkavak E., Hoşsucu B., 2009. The reproductive biology of the Great Pipefish Syngnathus acus (Family:Syngnathidae) in the Aegean Sea. North West J Zool, 5: 179-190.
75. Hoşsucu B., 2001. Güllük Lagünü (Ege Denizi) Kefal Türlerinin Üreme Zamanlarının Tesbiti, Ege Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 18(3-4): 349-355.
76. Hoşsucu B., Türker Çakır D., 2003. Some parameters about population biology of the common pandora (Pagellus erythrinus L., 1758) (Sparidae) in the Edremit Bay (Turkey). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 20(3-4): 329-336.
77. Hubbs C.L., 1943. Terminology of early stages of fishes. Copeia, 1943: 260.
78. Irmak E., Özden U., 2020. Bio-ecology of the oldest lessepsian fish Atherinomorus forskalii (Pisces: Atherinidae). Thalassas, 36(2): 497-505. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-020-00205-z
79. İçemer A., Özaydın O., Kaya M., Benli H.A., 2003. Ege Denizi’nde Dağılım Gösteren Trigla lyra (Linneaus, 1758) Türünün Biyolojisi. E.Ü. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 20(3-4): 517-522.
80. İhsanoğlu, M.A., Daban, İ.B., İşmen, A., & Yığın, C.Ç. (2021). Age, Growth, and Reproduction of Common Sole, Solea solea (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 17(3), 395-408.
81. İlhan U.D., Togulga M., 2007. Age, growth and reproduction of tub gurnard Chelidonichthys lucernus Linnaeus,1758 (Osteichthtyes: Triglidae) from Izmir Bay, Aegean Sea, Eastern Mediterranean. Acta Adriat., 48: 173-184.
82. İlhan D.U., Akalın S., Özaydın O., Tosunoğlu Z., Gurbet R., 2009. İzmir Körfezi’nde Tekir Balığı’nın (Mullus surmuletus L., 1758) Büyüme ve Üremesi. Ege University Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, 26:1-5.
83. İlhan, D., Akalın, S., Tosunoğlu, Z., & Özaydin, O. (2010). Growth characteristics and reproduction of comber, Serranus cabrilla (Actinopterygii, Perciformes, Serranidae), in the Aegean Sea. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 40, 55-60.
84. İlkyaz A.T., Metin G., Soykan O., Kınacıgil H.T., 2010. Growth and Reproduction of Large-Scaled Gurnard (Lepidotrigla cavillone Lacepède, 1801) (Triglidae) in the Central Aegean Sea, Eastern Mediterranean. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 34(4): 471-478.
85. lkyaz A.T., Metin G., Soykan O., Kınacıgil H.T., 2010. Age, growth and sexual development of solenette, Buglossidium luteum (Risso, 1810), in the central Aegean Sea. J. Appl. Ichthyol., 26: 436-440. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01382.x
86. İlkyaz A.T., Metin G., Soykan O., Kinacigil H.T., 2017. Age, growth, and reproduction of Mediterranean scaldfish, Arnoglossus laterna (Actinopterygii: Pleuronectiformes: Bothidae), in the east-central Aegean Sea. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 47: 53-61.
87. İlkyaz A.T., Metin G., Soykan O., Kinacigil H.T., 2018. Spawning Season, First Maturity Length and Age of 21 Fish Species from the Central Aegean Sea, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 18(1): 211-216.
88. İşmen A., 1995. The biology and population parameters of the whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus Nordman) in the Turkish coast of the Black Sea. Ph.D. thesis, IMS-METU, İçel, Turkey, 215 pp.
89. İşmen A., İşmen P., Basusta N., 2004. Age, growth and reproduction of Tub Gurnard (Chelidonichthys lucerna L.1758) in the Bay of Iskenderun in the eastern Mediterranean. Turk J Vet Anim Sci., 28: 289-295.
90. İşmen A., Türkoğlu M., Yigin C.C., 2004. The age, growth, and reproductive of gray triggerfish (Balistes capriscus, Gmelin, 1789) in İskenderun Bay. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 7: 2135-2138.
91. İşmen A., 2005. Age, Growth and Reproduction of the Goldband Goatfish, Upeneus moluccensis (Bleeker, 1855), in Iskenderun Bay, the Eastern Mediterranean. Turk J Zool., 29: 301-309.
92. İşmen A.,2006. Growth and reproduction of Por’s goatfish (Upeneus pori Ben-Tuvia & Golani, 1989) in İskenderun Bay, the Eastern Mediterranean. Turk J Zool., 30: 91-98.
93. İşmen A., Arslan M., Yigin C.C., Bozbay N.A., 2013. Age, growth, reproduction and feeding of John Dory, Zeus faber (Pisces: Zeidae), in the Saros Bay (North Aegean Sea). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 29, 125-131.
94. İşmen A., Yığın C.C., İhsanoğlu M.A., Öz M.İ., 2019. Age, Growth and Reproduction of Silvery Pout (Gadiculus argenteus Guichenot, 1850) in the Saros Bay (Northeastern Aegean Sea). Thalassas, 35, 599-605. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-019-00127-5
95. İşmen A., Daban İ., İhsanoğlu M., Yığın C., Cabbar K., Atak S., 2019. Age, growth and reproductive biology of the common two-banded seabream (Diplodus vulgaris Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817) from the Northern aegean sea, Turkey. Thalassas, 35, 679-688. doi: 10.1007/s41208-019-00165-z
96. Kahraman A.E., Alici T.Z., Akayli T., Oray I.K., 2008. Reproductive biology of thelittle tunny, Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque), from the north-eastern Mediterranean Sea. J Appl Ichthyol., 24: 551-554. DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0426.20
97. Kahraman A.E., Göktürk D., Bozkurt E.R., Akay T., Karakulak F.S., 2010. Some reproductive aspects of female bullet tuna, Auxis rochei (Risso), from the Turkish Mediterranean coasts. Afr J Biotechnol., 9(40): 6813-6818.
98. Kahraman A.E., Göktürk D., Yıldız T., Uzer U., 2014. Age, growth and reproductive biology of the Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda Bloch, 1793) from the Turkish coast of the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 38: 614-621. doi:10.3906/zoo-1311-25
99. Kahraman A.E., Yıldız T., Uzer U., Karakulak F.S., 2017. Age composition, growth and mortality of European hake Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758) (Actinopterygii: Merlucciidae) from the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 69(3), 377-384.
100. Kahraman, A.E., Yıldız, T., Uzer, U., & Çanak, Ö. (2021). Growth pattern, mortality and reproductive biology of common sole, Solea solea (Linneaus, 1758), in the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies (in press).
101. Kalaycı, F., Yeşilçiçek T., Şahin, C. 2019. Lüfer Balığı (Pomatomus saltatrix L., 1766)’nın Av Kompozisyonu, Gonadosomatik İndeks ve Kondisyon Faktörü. Anadolu Çev. ve Hay. Dergisi, 4(2), 97-103.
102. Karakulak S., Oray I., Corriero A., Deflorio M., Santamaria N., Desantis S., De Metrio G., 2004. Evidence of a spawning area for the bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus L.) in the Eastern Mediterranean. J. Appl. Ichthyol., 20: 318-320.
103. Karakulak F.S., Özgür E., Gökoğlu M., Emrecan I.T., Baskaya A., 2011. Age andgrowth of albacore (Thunnus alalunga Bonnaterre, 1788) from the easternMediterranean. Turk J Zool 35: 801-810.
104. Kasımoğlu C., Yılmaz F., 2011. Gökova Körfezi (Muğla)’nde yaşayan topan (has) kefalin (Mugil cephalus L., 1758) büyüme ve üreme özellikleri. Fırat Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 23(1): 47-55.
105. Kasımoğlu C., Yılmaz F., Torcu Koç H., 2011. Growth and Reproductive Characteristics of the Нinlipped Grey Mullet, Liza ramada (Risso, 1826) Inhabitingn Gökova Bay (Muğla), the Southern Aegean Sea, Turkey. BAU Fen Bil Enst Dergisi, 13: 35-49.
106. Kaya M., Benli H.A., Katagan T., Özaydin O., 1999. Age, growth, sex-ratio, spawning season and food of golden banded goatfish, Upeneus moluccensis Bleeker (1855) from the Mediterranean and south Aegean Sea coasts of Turkey. Fish. Res. 41: 317-328.
107. Kendall, A.W., Ahlstrom E.H., & Moser, H.G. (1984). Early life history stages of fishes and their characters. pp. 11-24. In: H.G. Moser, W.J. Richards, D.M. Cohen, M.P. Fahay, A.W. Kendall & S.L. Richardson (ed.). Ontogeny and Systematics of Fishes, Amer. Soc. Ichthyol. Herpetol. Spec. Publ. 1, Lawrence.
108. Kırdar F., İşmen A., 2018. Some population parameters of black goby (Gobius niger Linnaeus, 1758) in the Sea of Marmara. COMU Journal of Marine Science and Fisheries, 1: 7-12.
109. Manaşırlı M., 2008. Population Dynamical Parameters of the Atlantic Lizardfish (Synodus saurus) from the Babadillimani Bight (Slifke-Mersin) in Turkey. Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 2(4): 645-652.
110. Mazlum R.E., Bilgin S., 2014. Age, growth, reproduc-tion and diet of the whiting, Merlangius merlangus euxinus (Nordmann, 1840), in the southeastern Black Sea. Cah.Biol. Mar. 55: 463-474.
111. Metin G., 2005. İzmir Körfezi’nde Barbunya (Mullus brabatus L., 1758) Balığının Üreme Özellikleri. EU J Fish Aquat Sci. 22(1-2): 225-228.
112. Metin G., İlkyaz A.T., Kınacıgil H.T., 2008. Growth, mortality, and reproduction of poor Cod (Trisopterus minutus Linn., 1758) in the Central Aegean Sea. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 32, 43-51.
113. Meti̇n G., İlkyaz A.T., Soykan O., Kınacıgil T.H., 2011. Biological characteristics of the common pandora, Pagellus erythrinus (Linnaeus, 1758), in the central Aegean Sea. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 35(3): 307-315.
114. Metin G., İlkyaz A.T., Soykan O., Kinacıgil H.T., 2011. Age, growth and reproduction of four-spotted goby, Deltentosteus quadrimaculatus (Valenciennes, 1837), in İzmir Bay (central Aegean Sea). Turk J Zool., 35: 711-716.
115. Miller B.S., Kendall A.W., 2009.. Early Life History of Marine Fishes. University of California Press, 376 p.
116. Okumuş I., Basçınar M., 1997. Population structure, growth and reproduction of introduced Pacific mullet, Mugil so-iuy, in the Black Sea. Fish Res., 33:131-137.
117. Özbek B.F., 2017. İskenderun Körfezi'ndeki Pomadasys stridens (Forsskål, 1775)'in bazı biyo-ekolojik özellikleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İskenderun Teknik Üniversitesi/Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Hatay.
118. Özbay, T. (2015). Mersin Körfezi'nde dağılım gösteren balon balığı, Lagocephalus sceleratus (Gmelin, 1789)'nın biyolojik özelliklerinin araştırılması. Yüksek lisans tezi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 84 s.
119. Özdemir O., 2016. İskenderun Körfezi'nde bulunan Sphyraena chrysotaenia Klunzinger, 1884'nın bazı biyolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İskenderun Teknik Üniversitesi / Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Hatay.
120. Özdemir, Ç. (2019). Karadeniz bölgesi’ndeki sivriburun karagöz balığının (Diplodus puntazzo walbaum, 1792) bazı biyolojik parametreleri. Ordu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 46 s.
121. Özen M.R., Balci B., 2012. Histological study on reproductive pattern and sex reversal of dusky grouper Epinephelus guaza in natural environment of Antalya Bay of Mediterranean in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12: 157-164.
122. Özütok, M., & Avşar, D. (2003). Yumurtalık Koyu’ndaki (Adana) Eksi Balıklarında (Leiognathus kluzingeri Steindachner, 1898) Üreme. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. 27, 1383-1389.
123. Özütok M., Avşar D., 2004. Yumurtalık Koyu’ndaki (Adana) küçük pisi balıklarında (Arnoglossus laterna Walbaum, 1792) üreme. Ege Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 21(1): 1-4.
124. Özvarol Z.A.B., Balcı B.A., Gökoğlu M., Taşlı A., Kaya Y., Pehlivan M., 2010. Age growth and reproduction of goldband goatfish (Upeneus moluccensis, Bleeker 1855) from the Gulf of Antalya (Turkey). J Anim Vet Adv., 9: 939-945.
125. Özyurt C.E., Çiçek E., Avşar D., Yeldan H., Manaşırlı M., 2014. The relationship among spawning period, length at first maturity and depth distribution of Mullus barbatus and Upeneus moluccensis inhabiting the Northeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey. International Journal of Aquatic Biology, 2(4): 215-222.
126. Reis İ., Ateş C., 2020. Age, Growth, Length-Weight Relation, and Reproduction of Sand Steenbras, Lithognathus mormyrus (ACTINOPTERYGII: PERCIFORMES: SPARIDAE), in the Köyceğız Lagoon, Mediterranean. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 50(4): 445-451.
127. Sağlam N.E., Sağlam C., 2012. Population parameters of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus L., 1758) in the South-Eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12: 831-839.
128. Samsun O., Samsun N., Bilgin S., Kalayci, F., 2006. Population biology and status of exploitation of introduced garfish Belone belone euxini (Gunther, 1866) in the Black Sea. Journal ofApplied Ichthyology, 22: 353-356.
129. Samsun S. , Sağlam N.E., 2018. Karadeniz’deki (Samsun, Ordu, Giresun) İskorpit (Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758) Balığının Biyolojisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Eğirdir Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(4): 291-302. DOI: 10.22392/egirdir.406304
130. Sezen, B. (2005). İzmir Homa Lagünü gümüş balığı (Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810) populasyonunun biyolojik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
131. Sherman, K., & Adams, S. (2010). Sustainable Development of the World’s Large Marine Ecosystems during Climate Change: A commemorative volume to advance sustainable development on the occasion of the presentation of the 2010 Goteborg Award. Switzerland: IUCN.
132. Soykan O., İlkyaz A.T., Metin G., Kınacıgil H.T., 2010. Growth and reproduction of blotched picarel (Spicara maena Linnaeus, 1758) in the central Aegean Sea, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 34: 453-459.
133. Soykan, O., İlkyaz, A.T., Metin, G., & Kınacıgil, H.T. (2013). Growth and reproduction of brown comber (Serranus hepatus Linnaeus, 1758) in the central Aegean Sea, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 37, 211-217
134. Soykan O., İlkyaz A.T., Metin G., Kınacıgil H.T., (2015a). Age, Growth and Reproduction of European Hake (Merluccius merluccius (Linn., 1758)) in the Central Aegean Sea, Turkey. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95(4): 829-837. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002531541400201X
135. Soykan O., İlkyaz A.T., Metin G., Kinacıgil H.T., (2015b). Growth and reproduction of Boops boops, Dentex macrophthalmus, Diplodus vulgaris, and Pagellus acarne (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Sparidae) from east-central Aegean Sea, Turkey. Acta Ichthyol Piscat., 45: 39-55.
136. Soykan O., Gülşahin A., Cerim H., 2020. Contribution to some biological aspects of invasive marbled spinefoot (Siganus rivulatus, Forsskål 1775) from the Turkish coast of southern Aegean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 100(3): 453-460. doi:10.1017/S0025315420000351
137. Sümer C., Özdemir G., Ertekin H., 2014. Age, growth and reproduction of the striped seabream, Lithognathus mormyrus (Pisces: Sparidae), in the Beymelek Lagoon (southwestern coast of Turkey). Cah. Biol. Mar. 55: 37-42.
138. Şahin T., Akbulut B., 1997. Some biological characteristics of Mullus barbatus ponticus Essipov, 1927 in the eastern Black Sea coast of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 21: 179-185.
139. Şahin T., Genç Y., 1999. Some biologicalcharacteristics of picarel (Spicara smaris, Linnaeus 1758) in the Eastern Black Sea Coast of Turkey. (in turkish).Turkish Journal of Zoology, 23: 149-155.
140. Şahin C., Kasapoğlu N., Gözler A.M., Kalaycı F., Hacımurtazaoğlu N., Mutlu, C., 2009. Age, Growth, and Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) of Mediterranean Horse Mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868) in the Eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 33: 157-167.
141. Şahin T., Güneş E.A., 2011. Preliminary study on population characteristics of turbot, Psetta maxima, in the Eastern Black Sea, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Science and Technology, 6(1): 1-9.
142. Şahin C., Erbay M., Kalaycı F., Ceylan Y., Yeşilçiçek T., 2019. Life-history traits of the black scorpionfish (Scorpaena porcus) in southeastern Black Sea. Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 19(7): 571-584. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v19_7_04
143. Taylan B., Bayhan B., 2015. On the fecundity of the bogue Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Turkish Aegean Sea. J Coast Life Med., 3: 589-591.
144. Taylan B., 2016. On The Fecundity of The Round Sardinella Sardinella aurita (Valenciennes, 1847) In The Aegean Sea. Aquaculture Studies, 16 (2) , 129-135. DOI: 10.17693/yunusae.v16i21960.368777
145. Taylan B., Tatarhan G.E., Aksoy O., Çulha M. (2018). Reproductive biology of the black-striped pipefish Syngnathus abaster Risso, 1827 (Pisces: Syngnathidae) in the Aegean Sea of Turkey. Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies, 47(1): 67-74. DOI: 10.1515/ohs2018-0008.
146. Taylan B., Bayhan B., Heral O., 2018. Fecundity of Morocco Dentex Dentex maroccanus Valenciennes, 1830 Distributed in Izmir Bay (Central Aegean Sea of Turkey). Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 6(5): 624-627.
147. Taylan B., Gürkan Ş., Taşkavak, E., 2020. Reproductive biology of the Short-snouted Seahorse, Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Eastern Black Sea of Turkey (Osteichthyes: Syngnathidae), Zoology in the Middle East, 66(3): 222-231. DOI:10.1080/09397140.2020.1757921
148. Torcu H., 1995. Akdeniz ve Güney Ege sahillerinde yayılış gösteren Indo-Pasifik kökenli balık türleri ile Upeneus moleccensis (Bleeker-1855) Paşa Barbunyası ve Saurida undosguamis (Richardson,1848) Iskarmoz balığının biyolojisi ve ekolojisi üzerine çalışmalar. Doktora Tezi. Selcuk Universitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoloji ABD., Konya 168 p.
149. Torcu-Koç H., Türker-Çakır D., Dulcic J., 2004. Age, growth and mortality of the comber, Serranus cabrilla (Serranidae) in the Edremit Bay (NW Aegean Sea, Turkey). Cybium, 28: 19- 25.
150. Torcu-Koç H., Erdoğan Z., Üstün F., Joksimovic A., 2015. Some biological parameters of the striped red mullet (Mullus surmuletus L.) from the Bay of Edremit (Northern Aegean Sea, Turkey). Acta Adriatica, 56(2): 223-232.
151. Torcu-Koç H., Erdoğan Z., 2019. Marmara Denizi, Bandırma Körfezi sarıkuyruk istavrit [(Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868)]’in bazı populasyon parametreleri. BAUN Fen Bil. Enst. Dergisi, 21(1): 265-277.
152. Torcu-Koç, H., & Erdoğan, Z. (2020). Some biological parameters of silverstripe blaasop. Lagocephalus sceleratus (Gmelin, 1789) from the Mersin Bay, the Eastern Mediterranean of Turkey. Acta Biologica Turcica, 33(4),180-192
153. Torcu Koç H., Erdoğan Z., Burkay H., 2021. Growth and reproduction properties of the poor cod, Trisopterus capelanus (Lacepède, 1800) (Gadidae) in the Edremit Bay, Northern Aegean Sea, Turkey. Acta Biologica Turcica, 34(3): 114-121.
154. Türkmen M., Akyurt I., 2003. Growth characteristics, sex inversion and mortality rates of striped sea beram, Lithognathus mormyrus L., in Iskenderun Bay. TurkJ Zool., 27:323-329.
155. Türkmen M., 2003. Investigation of some population parameters of common sole, Solea solea (L., 1758) from Iskenderun Bay. Turk J Vet Anim Sci., 27: 317-323.
156. Ulunehir, G., 2007. Edremit Körfezi Hamsi (Engraulis encrasicolus (Linneaus,1758)) populasyonunun biyolojik özelliklerinin incelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen. Bil. Enst., Balıkesir.
157. Ulunehir-Aydın G., 2017. Kuzey Ege Denizi, Edremit Körfezi'nde yaşayan Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758) ve Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) populasyonların biyolojik özelliklerinin araştırılması. Doktora tezi. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
158. Ulunehir-Aydın G., Erdoğan Z., 2018. Edremit Körfezi (Kuzey Ege Denizi, Türkiye)’nden avlanan Trachurus trachurus (L., 1758)’un bazı üreme özellikleri. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 20(2): 164-176.
159. Ünlüoğlu, A. (2015). Some aspects of reproductive biology of poor cod (Trisopterus minutus capelanus Lacepède, 1800) in Edremit Bay (the Northern Aegean Sea). Turkish Journal Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 15: 805-812.
160. Üstün F. 2010. Kuzey Ege denizi, Edremit Körfezi tekir balığı (Mullus surmuletus L. , 1758) populasyonunun biyolojik özelliklerinin araştırılması. Yüksek lisans tezi. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
161. Wake M.H., Hall B.K., 1999. Epilogue: Prospects for research on the origin and evolution of larval forms. In: Hall, B.K., Wake, M.H. (eds), The origin and evolution of larval forms. Academic Press: 411-416.
162. Van A., Gümüş A., Özpiçak M., Süer S., 2021. Güneydoğu Karadeniz’de dağılım gösteren kahküllü horozbina balığı Parablennius tentacularis (Brünnich, 1768)’de yaş tahmini ve en uygun büyüme modelinin seçimi. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 38(2), 229-236.
163. Yapici S., Filiz H., Özkan Ö., 2012. Age, growth, reproduction and feeding habits of brown comber, Serranus hepatus (L., 1758) in eastern Aegean Sea. Biharean Biologist 6(2): 99-107
164. Yapıcı S., Filiz H., 2019. Biological aspects of two coexisting native and non-native fish species in the Aegean Sea: Pagellus erythrinus vs. Nemipterus randalli. Mediterranean Marine Science, 20(3): 594-602.
165. Yapıcı S., Filiz H., 2014. Estimation of age, growth and reproduction of boarfish, Capros aper, in the South Aegean Sea. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 46 (4), 1061-1068.
166. Yeldan H., Avşar D., Özütok M., Çiçek E., 2003. Babadillimanı (Silifke-İçel) İzmarit Balıklarının (Spicara smaris, L. 1758) Büyüme ve Üreme Özellikleri. Ege Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 20(1-2): 35-42.
167. Yeldan H., Avşar D., Özütok M., Çiçek E., Özyurt C.E., 2006. Kuzeydogu Akdeniz’deki (Mersin) sivrikuyruk dil baligi’nin (Cynoglossus sinusarabici Chabanaud, 1931) üreme donemi ve ilk üreme boyunun belirlenmesi üzerine bir ön calisma. E.U. Su Urünleri Dergisi, 23 (1/3): 519-522.
168. Yığın Ç., İşmen A., Arslan M., 2015. Reproductive biology of Lophius budegassa (Lophiidae) in the North Aegean Sea. Cybium, 39(1): 31-36. https://doi.org/ 10.26028/cybium/2015-391-004.
169. Yıldırım, Ü.G. (2011). Determination of some biologıcal features of silverstripe blaasop. Lagocephalus sceleratus (Gmelin,1789) in the Mediterranean Sea. M.Sc. thesis, Institue of Science and Technology, University of Süleyman Demirel. 45 p.
170. Yıldız, T., & Ulman, A. (2020). Analyzing gaps in policy: evaluation of the effectiveness of minimum landing sizes (MLS) regulations in Turkey. Mar. Policy 115, 103829. doi: 10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103829
171. Yıldız, T., Ulman, A., & Demirel, N. (2020). A comparison of market landings during fish spawning seasons to better understand the effectiveness of the temporal fishery closure in Turkey. Ocean & Coastal Management, 198, 105353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105353
172. Yılmaz, R., & Hoşsucu, B. (2007). Spawning Season of the Lizardfish Saurida undosquamis (Richardson, 1848) and Synodus saurus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Antalya Bay on the Eastern Mediterranean Coast of Turkey. 38th CIESM Congress Proceedings, 38, 635.
173. Yılmaz, B., Samsun, O., Akyol, O., Erdem, Y., & Ceyhan, T. (2019). Age, growth, reproduction and mortality of red mullet (Mullus barbatus ponticus Essipov, 1927) from the Turkish coasts of the Black Sea. Ege J. Fish Aquat. Sci. 36, 41-47. doi: 10.12714/egejfas.2019.36.1.05
174. Yoksel, H. (2008). İskenderun Körfezi Iskarmoz Balığı [Saurida undosquamis (Richardson, 1848)] ‘nın biyolojisi üzerine çalışmalar. Yüksek lisans tezi. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Balıkesir, 43 s.
175. Zengin, K. (2014). Antalya Körfezi'nde dağılım gösteren Lagocephalus sceleratus (Gmelin, 1789)'un balon balığının bazı biyolojik özellikleri. Yüksek lisans tezi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 43 s.