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Biodiversity and Abundance of Phytoplankton from Auranga Estuary, Valsad District, Gujarat, India

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 86 - 98, 29.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.46384/jmsf.944880

Abstract

This study describes phytoplankton abundance and diversity from site 1 (downstream) and site 2 (upstream) of Auranga Estuary (20˚63’ N and 72˚82’ E). A Total of 44 species of phytoplankton were recorded, 35 species from downstream and 24 species from upstream. The assessed abundance was 129 cells/mL and 86 cells/mL from the downstream and upstream, respectively. Bacillariophyceae (19) was the dominant group followed by Chlorophyceae (10), Cyanobacteria (07), Dinophyceae (07), and Chrysophyceae (01). Nitzschia, Coscinodiscus and Ceratium were abundant genera at site 1 and Spirogyra, Microcystis, Chlorella and Oscillatoria were abundant at site 2. Nitzschiaceae and Zygnemataceae had highest family contribution at the downstream and upstream, respectively. Members of Bacillariophyceae and Cyanobacteria were present in high numbers throughout the year. The abundance of Chlorophyceae did not fluctuate greatly. Chrysophyceae (Chromulina pascheri) was observed during the summer period. Spatially, downstream had higher species diversity and abundance than upstream whereas winter season was favorable for plankton growth compared to summer and monsoon. Species dominance (Site 1: 0.238; Site 2: 0.257) richness (Site 1: 1.13; Site 2: 1.36), evenness (Site 1: 0.88; Site 2: 0.79) and diversity were assessed using alpha biodiversity indices. The Shannon diversity index was 1.417 and 1.268 for downstream and upstream, respectively. It indicates less diversity level in this estuary.

Thanks

The authors are very thankful to the boatmen for helping with the samplings.

References

  • Ahel, M., Barlow, R. G., & Mantoura, R. F. C. (1996). Effect of salinity gradients on the distribution of phytoplankton pigments in a stratified estuary. Marine ecology progress series, 143, 289-295.
  • Babu, A., Varadharajan, D., Vengadesh, P. N., Thilagavathi, B., Manikandarajan, T., Sampathkumar, P., & Balasubramanian, T. (2013). Diversity of phytoplankton in different stations from Muthupettai, South east coast of India. J. Mar. Sci.: Res. Dev, 3(3).
  • Baliarsingh, S. K., Srichandan, S., Pati, S. K., Sahu, K. C., Dash, S. K., Lotliker, A. A., & Kumar, T. S. (2016). Phytoplankton community structure along offshore transects of some Indian estuaries of east coast: An experience with a summer cruise. Indian Journal of Geo Marine Science, 44(5), 1-14.
  • Bellinger, E. G., & Sigee, D. C. (2010). A key to the more frequently occurring freshwater algae. Freshwater algae, 137-244.
  • Calvo-Trujillo, A., Rincones-Reyes, K., Díaz-Ramos, J. R., Márquez-García, B., Subero-Pino, S., Elista-Ramírez, E., & Troccoli-Ghinaglia, L. (2018). Spatial and temporal phytoplankton distribution in the Gulf of Cariaco, Sucre State, Venezuela, February 2014-January 2015. Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras-INVEMAR, 47(2), 63-82.
  • Daborn, G.R., & Redden, A.M. (2016). Estuaries. In: Finlayson C., Milton G., Prentice R., Davidson N. (eds) The Wetland Book. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6173-5_281-1.
  • Effendi, H., Kawaroe, M., Lestari, D. F., & Permadi, T. (2016). Distribution of phytoplankton diversity and abundance in Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 33, 496-504.
  • Ekwu, A. O., & Sikoki, F. D. (2006). Phytoplankton diversity in the Cross River estuary of Nigeria. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 10(1), 89-95.
  • Elliott, M., & Whitfield, A. K. (2011). Challenging paradigms in estuarine ecology and management. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 94(4), 306-314.
  • George, B., Nirmal Kumari J. I., & Kumar, R. N. (2015). An evaluation of phytoplankton assemblage in relation to environmental variables of Narmada Estuarine Region of Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat, India. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 13(1), 115-131.
  • George, B., Kumar, J. N., & Kumar, R. N. (2012). Study on the influence of hydro-chemical parameters on phytoplankton distribution along Tapi estuarine area of Gulf of Khambhat, India. The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 38(3), 157-170.
  • Gopinathan, C. P., Rajagopalan, M., Kaladharan, P., & Prema, D. (2007). Training Manual on Phytoplankton Identidication/Taxonomy.
  • Hastuti, A. W., Pancawati, Y., & Surana, I. N. (2018). The abundance and spatial distribution of plankton communities in Perancak Estuary, Bali. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 176(1), 012-042.
  • Hendey, N. (1957). III—Marine Diatoms from Some West African Ports. Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society, 77 (1‐2), 28-85.
  • Hoque, S. A., Zafar, M., & Mahmood, N. (1999). Temporal and spatial distribution of phytoplankton with emphasis on Skeletonema costatum in the Mathamuhuri river–estuary (Chakaria mangrove ecosystem), Bangladesh. Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, 8(1), 29-39.
  • Hosmani, S. P. (2010). Phytoplankton diversity in lakes of Mysore district, Karnataka state, India. The Ecoscan, 4(1), 53-57.
  • Narmada, Water resources, Water supply and Kalpsar Department, Gujarat, 2010, (visited on 25th July, 2020). https://gujnwrws.gujarat.gov.in/
  • Joshi, A., Desai, A.Y., Bhatt, A.J., Kardani, H.K., Yusufzai, S.I., & Khileri, R.A. (2018). A Guide to the Marine Phytoplankton of Marine National Park, Gujarat, College of Fisheries Science, Junagadh Agricultural University, India. ISBN: 978-93-5300-352-4.
  • Kardani, H. K. (2011). Ecological assessment of northern coast of gulf of Kachchh with special reference to planktonic forms, India.
  • Lalli, C. M., & Parsons, T.R. (1997). Biological Oceanography an Introduction (2nd eds). Elseveir, Oxford, London.
  • Mani, P. (1994). Phytoplankton in pitcharavarm mangroves, eastcoast of India. Indian Journal of Marine Science, 23, 22-26.
  • Meng, F., Li, Z., Li, L., Lu, F., Liu, Y., Lu, X., & Fan, Y. (2020). Phytoplankton alpha diversity indices response the trophic state variation in hydrologically connected aquatic habitats in the Harbin Section of the Songhua River. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78300-7
  • Moore, J. W. (1974). Benthic algae of Southern Baffin Island: II. The epipelic communities in temporary ponds. The Journal of Ecology, 62(8), 809-819.
  • Nowrouzi, S., & Valavi, H. (2011). Effects of environmental factors on phytoplankton abundance and diversity in Kaftar Lake. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 6(2), 130-140.
  • Nursuhayati, A. S., Yusoff, F. M., & Shariff, M. (2013). Spatial and temporal distribution of phytoplankton in perak estuary, Malaysia, during monsoon season. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 8(4), 480.
  • Oseji, O. F., Fan, C., & Chigbu, P. (2019). Composition and dynamics of phytoplankton in the coastal bays of Maryland, USA, revealed by microscopic counts and diagnostic pigments analyses. Water, 11(2), 368.
  • Palleyi, S., & Panda, C. R. (2011). Influence of water quality on the biodiversity of phytoplankton in Dhamra river Estuary of Odisha Coast, Bay of Bengal. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 15(1).
  • Rajkumar, M., Perumal, P., Ashok Prabu, V., Vengadesh Perumal, N., & Thillai Rajasekar, K. (2009). Phytoplankton diversity in Pichavaram mangrove waters from south-east coast of India. Journal of Environmental Biology, 30, 489-498.
  • Ram, M. J.(1991). Algae and water pollution in Mahi estuary journal of the India fisheries Association.
  • Ram, M.J., Gajbhiye S.N., & Desai. (1988). Phytoplankton Distribution in The Coastal Waters Of Porabandar (Saurashtra). Journal of the Indian Fisheries Association,18, 357-367.
  • Saifullah, A. S. M., Kamal, A. H. M., Idris, M. H., Rajaee, A. H., & Bhuiyan, M. K. A. (2016). Phytoplankton in tropical mangrove estuaries: role and interdependency. Forest science and technology, 12(2), 104-113.
  • Santhanam, P., Begum, A., & Pachiappan, P. (2019). Basic and applied phytoplankton biology (eds.). Springer, India.
  • Sarang, T., & Manoj, K. (2017). Phytoplankton population in relation to physic-chemical properties of River Tapi, Surat, Gujarat, India. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 6(3), 35-37.
  • Saravanakumar, A., Rajkumar, M., Thivakaran, G. A., & Serebiah, J. S. (2008). Abundance and seasonal variations of phytoplankton in the creek waters of western mangrove of Kachchh-Gujarat. Journal of environmental biology, 29(2), 271.
  • Sharma, K. N., & Mankodi, P. C. (2011). Study on plankton diversity of Narmada River, Gujarat. Journal of Current Science, 16(1), 111-116.
  • Singh, U. B., Ahluwalia, A. S., Sharma, C., Jindal, R., & Thakur, R. K. (2013). Planktonic indicators: a promising tool for monitoring water quality (early-warning signals), Ecology Environment Conservation, 19(3), 793-800.
  • Stirling, G., & Wilsey, B. (2001). Empirical relationships between species richness, evenness, and proportional diversity. The American Naturalist, 158(3), 286-299. Taylor, J. C., Harding, W. R., & Archibald, C. G. M. (2007). A methods manual for the collection, preparation and analysis of diatom samples. WRC Report No TT 281/07. Water Research Commission, Pretoria, 11-23.
  • Taylor, J. C., Harding, W. R., & Archibald, C. G. M. (2007). A methods manual for the collection, preparation and analysis of diatom samples. WRC Report No TT 281/07. Water Research Commission, Pretoria, 11-23.
  • Thakur, B., Chavda, C., & Salvi, H. (2015). Phytoplankton diversity at some selected sites of the Gulf of Kuchchh, Gujarat, India. Bulletin of Environmental and Scientific Research, 4(4), 7-12.
  • Varadharajan, D., & Soundarapandian, P. (2015). Biodiversity and abundance of phytoplankton from Muthupettai mangrove region, south east coast of India. Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development, 6(12).
  • Venkateswarlu, V. (1986). Ecological studies on the rivers of Andhra Pradesh with special reference to water quality and pollution. Proceedings: Plant Sciences, 96(6), 495-508.
  • Waghmare, B. D., & Kulkarni, A. N. (2015). An assessment of phytoplankton population and seasonal variation in Lendi river, district Nanded, Maharashtra, India. International Journal of Science and Research, 4(12), 936-940.
  • Zhang, X., Zhang, J., Huang, X., & Huang, L. (2014). Phytoplankton assemblage structure shaped by key environmental variables in the Pearl River Estuary, South China. Journal of Ocean University of China, 13(1), 73-82. doi: 10.1007/s11802-0141972-3

Auranga Halici (Valsad Bölgesi, Gujarat, Hindistan)'nde Fitoplankton Biyoçeşitliliği ve Bolluğu

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 86 - 98, 29.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.46384/jmsf.944880

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Auranga Haliç'in (20˚63' N ve 72˚82' E) 1. bölge (akıntı altı) ve 2. bölge (akıntı üstü) alanlarında fitoplankton bolluğu ve çeşitliliğini açıklamaktadır. 35 tür akıntı altından ve 24 tür akıntı üstünden olmak üzere toplam 44 fitoplankton türü kaydedilmiştir. Fitoplankton bolluğu akıntı altı ve akıntı üstünden sırasıyla 129 hücre/mL ve 86 hücre/mL olarak belirlenmiştir. Bacillariophyceae (19) baskın grup olup, onu sırasıyla Chlorophyceae (10), Cyanobacteria (07), Dinophyceae (07) ve Chrysophyceae (01) izlemiştir. Nitzschia, Coscinodiscus ve Ceratium, 1. bölgede ve Spirogyra, Microcystis, Chlorella ve Oscillatoria, 2. bölgede bol miktarda bulunmuştur. Nitzschiaceae ve Zygnemataceae, sırasıyla akıntı altı ve akıntı üstü en yüksek familya katkısına sahipti. Bacillariophyceae ve Cyanobacteria üyeleri yıl boyunca çok sayıda mevcuttu. Chlorophyceae'nin bolluğu büyük ölçüde dalgalanma göstermedi. Chrysophyceae (Chromulina pascheri) yaz döneminde gözlenmiştir. Mekansal olarak, akıntı altı, akıntı üstünden daha fazla tür çeşitliliğine ve bolluğuna sahipken, kış mevsimi, yaz ve musonla karşılaştırıldığında türlerin büyümesi için elverişliydi. Tür baskınlığı (1. Bölge: 0.238; 2. Bölge: 0.257) zenginlik (1. Bölge: 1.13; 2. Bölge: 1.36), doğruluk (1. Bölge: 0.88; 2. Bölge: 0.79) ve çeşitlilik, alfa biyoçeşitlilik indeksleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Shannon çeşitlilik indeksi, akıntı altı ve akıntı üstü için sırasıyla 1.417 ve 1.268 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu, Haliç'te daha az çeşitlilik seviyesini göstermektedir.

References

  • Ahel, M., Barlow, R. G., & Mantoura, R. F. C. (1996). Effect of salinity gradients on the distribution of phytoplankton pigments in a stratified estuary. Marine ecology progress series, 143, 289-295.
  • Babu, A., Varadharajan, D., Vengadesh, P. N., Thilagavathi, B., Manikandarajan, T., Sampathkumar, P., & Balasubramanian, T. (2013). Diversity of phytoplankton in different stations from Muthupettai, South east coast of India. J. Mar. Sci.: Res. Dev, 3(3).
  • Baliarsingh, S. K., Srichandan, S., Pati, S. K., Sahu, K. C., Dash, S. K., Lotliker, A. A., & Kumar, T. S. (2016). Phytoplankton community structure along offshore transects of some Indian estuaries of east coast: An experience with a summer cruise. Indian Journal of Geo Marine Science, 44(5), 1-14.
  • Bellinger, E. G., & Sigee, D. C. (2010). A key to the more frequently occurring freshwater algae. Freshwater algae, 137-244.
  • Calvo-Trujillo, A., Rincones-Reyes, K., Díaz-Ramos, J. R., Márquez-García, B., Subero-Pino, S., Elista-Ramírez, E., & Troccoli-Ghinaglia, L. (2018). Spatial and temporal phytoplankton distribution in the Gulf of Cariaco, Sucre State, Venezuela, February 2014-January 2015. Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras-INVEMAR, 47(2), 63-82.
  • Daborn, G.R., & Redden, A.M. (2016). Estuaries. In: Finlayson C., Milton G., Prentice R., Davidson N. (eds) The Wetland Book. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6173-5_281-1.
  • Effendi, H., Kawaroe, M., Lestari, D. F., & Permadi, T. (2016). Distribution of phytoplankton diversity and abundance in Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 33, 496-504.
  • Ekwu, A. O., & Sikoki, F. D. (2006). Phytoplankton diversity in the Cross River estuary of Nigeria. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 10(1), 89-95.
  • Elliott, M., & Whitfield, A. K. (2011). Challenging paradigms in estuarine ecology and management. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 94(4), 306-314.
  • George, B., Nirmal Kumari J. I., & Kumar, R. N. (2015). An evaluation of phytoplankton assemblage in relation to environmental variables of Narmada Estuarine Region of Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat, India. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 13(1), 115-131.
  • George, B., Kumar, J. N., & Kumar, R. N. (2012). Study on the influence of hydro-chemical parameters on phytoplankton distribution along Tapi estuarine area of Gulf of Khambhat, India. The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 38(3), 157-170.
  • Gopinathan, C. P., Rajagopalan, M., Kaladharan, P., & Prema, D. (2007). Training Manual on Phytoplankton Identidication/Taxonomy.
  • Hastuti, A. W., Pancawati, Y., & Surana, I. N. (2018). The abundance and spatial distribution of plankton communities in Perancak Estuary, Bali. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 176(1), 012-042.
  • Hendey, N. (1957). III—Marine Diatoms from Some West African Ports. Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society, 77 (1‐2), 28-85.
  • Hoque, S. A., Zafar, M., & Mahmood, N. (1999). Temporal and spatial distribution of phytoplankton with emphasis on Skeletonema costatum in the Mathamuhuri river–estuary (Chakaria mangrove ecosystem), Bangladesh. Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, 8(1), 29-39.
  • Hosmani, S. P. (2010). Phytoplankton diversity in lakes of Mysore district, Karnataka state, India. The Ecoscan, 4(1), 53-57.
  • Narmada, Water resources, Water supply and Kalpsar Department, Gujarat, 2010, (visited on 25th July, 2020). https://gujnwrws.gujarat.gov.in/
  • Joshi, A., Desai, A.Y., Bhatt, A.J., Kardani, H.K., Yusufzai, S.I., & Khileri, R.A. (2018). A Guide to the Marine Phytoplankton of Marine National Park, Gujarat, College of Fisheries Science, Junagadh Agricultural University, India. ISBN: 978-93-5300-352-4.
  • Kardani, H. K. (2011). Ecological assessment of northern coast of gulf of Kachchh with special reference to planktonic forms, India.
  • Lalli, C. M., & Parsons, T.R. (1997). Biological Oceanography an Introduction (2nd eds). Elseveir, Oxford, London.
  • Mani, P. (1994). Phytoplankton in pitcharavarm mangroves, eastcoast of India. Indian Journal of Marine Science, 23, 22-26.
  • Meng, F., Li, Z., Li, L., Lu, F., Liu, Y., Lu, X., & Fan, Y. (2020). Phytoplankton alpha diversity indices response the trophic state variation in hydrologically connected aquatic habitats in the Harbin Section of the Songhua River. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78300-7
  • Moore, J. W. (1974). Benthic algae of Southern Baffin Island: II. The epipelic communities in temporary ponds. The Journal of Ecology, 62(8), 809-819.
  • Nowrouzi, S., & Valavi, H. (2011). Effects of environmental factors on phytoplankton abundance and diversity in Kaftar Lake. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 6(2), 130-140.
  • Nursuhayati, A. S., Yusoff, F. M., & Shariff, M. (2013). Spatial and temporal distribution of phytoplankton in perak estuary, Malaysia, during monsoon season. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 8(4), 480.
  • Oseji, O. F., Fan, C., & Chigbu, P. (2019). Composition and dynamics of phytoplankton in the coastal bays of Maryland, USA, revealed by microscopic counts and diagnostic pigments analyses. Water, 11(2), 368.
  • Palleyi, S., & Panda, C. R. (2011). Influence of water quality on the biodiversity of phytoplankton in Dhamra river Estuary of Odisha Coast, Bay of Bengal. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 15(1).
  • Rajkumar, M., Perumal, P., Ashok Prabu, V., Vengadesh Perumal, N., & Thillai Rajasekar, K. (2009). Phytoplankton diversity in Pichavaram mangrove waters from south-east coast of India. Journal of Environmental Biology, 30, 489-498.
  • Ram, M. J.(1991). Algae and water pollution in Mahi estuary journal of the India fisheries Association.
  • Ram, M.J., Gajbhiye S.N., & Desai. (1988). Phytoplankton Distribution in The Coastal Waters Of Porabandar (Saurashtra). Journal of the Indian Fisheries Association,18, 357-367.
  • Saifullah, A. S. M., Kamal, A. H. M., Idris, M. H., Rajaee, A. H., & Bhuiyan, M. K. A. (2016). Phytoplankton in tropical mangrove estuaries: role and interdependency. Forest science and technology, 12(2), 104-113.
  • Santhanam, P., Begum, A., & Pachiappan, P. (2019). Basic and applied phytoplankton biology (eds.). Springer, India.
  • Sarang, T., & Manoj, K. (2017). Phytoplankton population in relation to physic-chemical properties of River Tapi, Surat, Gujarat, India. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 6(3), 35-37.
  • Saravanakumar, A., Rajkumar, M., Thivakaran, G. A., & Serebiah, J. S. (2008). Abundance and seasonal variations of phytoplankton in the creek waters of western mangrove of Kachchh-Gujarat. Journal of environmental biology, 29(2), 271.
  • Sharma, K. N., & Mankodi, P. C. (2011). Study on plankton diversity of Narmada River, Gujarat. Journal of Current Science, 16(1), 111-116.
  • Singh, U. B., Ahluwalia, A. S., Sharma, C., Jindal, R., & Thakur, R. K. (2013). Planktonic indicators: a promising tool for monitoring water quality (early-warning signals), Ecology Environment Conservation, 19(3), 793-800.
  • Stirling, G., & Wilsey, B. (2001). Empirical relationships between species richness, evenness, and proportional diversity. The American Naturalist, 158(3), 286-299. Taylor, J. C., Harding, W. R., & Archibald, C. G. M. (2007). A methods manual for the collection, preparation and analysis of diatom samples. WRC Report No TT 281/07. Water Research Commission, Pretoria, 11-23.
  • Taylor, J. C., Harding, W. R., & Archibald, C. G. M. (2007). A methods manual for the collection, preparation and analysis of diatom samples. WRC Report No TT 281/07. Water Research Commission, Pretoria, 11-23.
  • Thakur, B., Chavda, C., & Salvi, H. (2015). Phytoplankton diversity at some selected sites of the Gulf of Kuchchh, Gujarat, India. Bulletin of Environmental and Scientific Research, 4(4), 7-12.
  • Varadharajan, D., & Soundarapandian, P. (2015). Biodiversity and abundance of phytoplankton from Muthupettai mangrove region, south east coast of India. Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development, 6(12).
  • Venkateswarlu, V. (1986). Ecological studies on the rivers of Andhra Pradesh with special reference to water quality and pollution. Proceedings: Plant Sciences, 96(6), 495-508.
  • Waghmare, B. D., & Kulkarni, A. N. (2015). An assessment of phytoplankton population and seasonal variation in Lendi river, district Nanded, Maharashtra, India. International Journal of Science and Research, 4(12), 936-940.
  • Zhang, X., Zhang, J., Huang, X., & Huang, L. (2014). Phytoplankton assemblage structure shaped by key environmental variables in the Pearl River Estuary, South China. Journal of Ocean University of China, 13(1), 73-82. doi: 10.1007/s11802-0141972-3
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Ecology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Shefali S. Patel 0000-0003-0012-2369

Susmita Sahoo This is me 0000-0001-9267-4608

Publication Date December 29, 2021
Submission Date May 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Patel, S. S., & Sahoo, S. (2021). Biodiversity and Abundance of Phytoplankton from Auranga Estuary, Valsad District, Gujarat, India. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Journal of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, 4(2), 86-98. https://doi.org/10.46384/jmsf.944880