Inheritance of Soil Zinc Deficiency Symptoms in Pepper

Year 2016, Volume: 5 Issue: 11, 48 - 55, 31.10.2016

Hasan Pınar , Nedim Mutlu Davut Keles Atilla Ata Saadet Buyukalaca Cansu Simsek

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to investigate the inheritance of tolerance to soil Zn-deficiency symptoms. The resistant line “Alata 21A” (C. annuum) was crossed with the Capsicum frutescens PI 281420. The F1 was both backcrossed to Alata 21A (BC₁P₁) and PI 281420 (BC₁P₂), advanced to F₂ and F₃. The parents, BC₁P₁, BC₁P₂, F₂ populations (206 and 455 plants) and F_2:3 (1310 plants) were grown in pots filled with zinc-deficient soils under greenhouse conditions from 2011 to 2013. Plants were scored for Zinc deficiency symptoms in three-day-intervals for three weeks. Segregation was skewed towards resistance. The number of genes that controls the trait was estimated to be 1.4. The mode of segregation indicated that dominant epistasis with 12 : 3 : 1 ratio explains the trait in two independent tests using F₂ population (X² = 0.94, P = 0.625, N = 206; X² = 1,7, P = 0.79, N = 455). Broad and narrow sense heritability were estimated to be 0.91 and 0.25, respectively. Results showed that soil zinc-deficiency-tolerant genotypes could be developed via backcross breeding with Alata 21A as the source for cultivated pepper.

Keywords

Pepper, zinc deficiency symptoms, inheritance, epistasis

References

• Akay A (2005) Effect of Zn which applied to Some Chickpea Cultivars on Leaves Clorofil Contents, Yield and Some Yield Parameters GAP IV. Agriculture Congress Volume 2: 947-954 Sanliurfa, Turkey.
• Aktas H, Abak K, Ozturk L, Cakmak I, (2006) The Effect of Zinc on Growth and Shoot Concentrations of Sodium and Potassium in Pepper Plants under Salinity Stress. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 30: 407-412.
• Alloway BJ (2009) Soil factors associated with zinc deficiency in crops and humans Environ Geochem Health 31: 537–548
• Chaab A, Savaghebi GH, Motesharezadeh B (2010) Zn efficiency and Zn concentration in shoot of different concentration of Maize cultivars grown in a zinc-deficient calcareous soil Agricultural Segment 1: AGS/1521
• Da Rosa SS, Ribeiro ND, Jost E, Reiniger LRS, Rosa DP, Cerutti T, Possobom MTD (2010) Potential for increasing the zinc content in common bean using genetic improvement. Euphytica 175: 207-213.
• Eken, M. (2007) Determination of Performances for Zinc (Zn) Efficiency in Different Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Types. University of Cukurova, Institute Of Natural And Applied Sciences, Department Of Soil Science, Master Thesis, p.60 Adana, Turkey
• Falconer DS (1989) Introduction to quantitative genetics. Richard Clay Ltd., Bungay Suffolk, Great Britain pp: 129-185.
• Genc Y, Shepherd KW, Mcdonald GK, Graham RD (2003). Inheritance of tolerance to zinc deficiency in barley. Plant Breeding 122: 283-284.
• Genc Y, Verbyla AP, Torun AA, Cakmak I, Willsmore K, Wallwork H, Mcdonald GK (2009) Quantitative trait loci analysis of zinc efficiency and grain zinc concentration in wheat using whole genome average interval mapping Plant and Soil 314: 49–66
• Gomez-Becerra HF, Yazici A, Ozturk L, Budak H, Peleg Z, Morgounov A, Fahima T, Saranga Y, Cakmak I (2010). Genetic variation and environmental stability of grain mineral nutrient concentrations in Triticum dicoccoides under five environments Euphytica 171:39–52
• Gregorio GB (2002) Progress in breeding for trace minerals in staple crops. Journal of Nutrition 132: 500S-502S.
• Gunes A, Inal A, Alpaslan M, Cikili Y (1999) Effect of Salinity on Phosphorus Induced Zinc Deficency in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Plants. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 23: 459-464.
• Hacisalihoglu G, Hart JJ, Kochian LV (2001) High and low-affinity zinc transport systems and their possible role in zinc efficiency in bread wheat. Plant Physiology 125: 456-463.
• Hacisalihoglu G, Ozturk L, Cakmak I, Welch RM, Kochıan L (2004) Genotypic Variation in Common Bean in Response to Zinc Deficiency in Calcareous Soil. Plant and Soil 259: 71-83.
• Marschner H (1995) Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants, 2nd ed. London, Academic Press.
• Nagarathna TK, Shankar AG, Udayakumar M (2010) Assessment of genetic variation in zinc acquisition and transport to seed in diversified germplasm lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Agricultural Technology 6: 171-178.
• Pinar, H, Mutlu, N, Keleş, D, Ata, A, Buyukalaca, S, 2013. Determination of Soil Zinc Efficiency and Symptoms of Some Pepper Species Soil Water Journal (2013) Vol 2, Number 2(1) p. 187-194
• Quijano-Guerta CG, Kirk JD, Portugal AM, Bartolome VI, Mclaren GC (2002) Tolerance of rice germplasm to zinc deficiency. Field Crops Research 76: 123-130.
• Rengel Z, Graham RD (1995) Importance of seed Zn content for wheat grown on Zn- deficient soil. I. Vegetative growth. Plant and Soil 173: 259-266.
• Richard O, Pineau C, Loubet S, Chalies C, Vile D, Marques L, Berthomieu P (2011) Diversity analysis of the response to Zn within the Arabidopsis thaliana species revealed a low contribution of Zn translocation to Zn tolerance and a new role for Zn in lateral root development. Plant Cell and Environment 34: 1065-1078.
• Sadeghzadeh B (2013) A review of zinc nutrition and plant breeding Journal of Soil Science Plant Nutrition vol.13 no.4 Temucodic.
• Sillanpää M (1982) Micronutrients and the nutrient status of soils: A global study. FAO Soils Bulletin No. 48. Rome, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, pp. 75-82.
• Singh SP, Westermann DT (2002) A single dominant gene controlling resistance to soil zinc deficiency in common bean. Crop Science 42: 1071-1074.
• Thavarajah D, Thavarajah P, Sarker A, Vandenberg A (2009) Lentils (Lens culinaris Medikus Subspecies culinaris): A Whole Food for Increased Iron and Zinc Intake Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry Volume: 57: 5413-5419
• Wissuwa M, Ismail AM, Yanagihara S (2006) Effects of zinc deficiency on rice growth and genetic factors contributing to tolerance. Plant Physiology 142:731–741
• Wright S (1952) The genetics of quantitative variability. In: Reeve, E. C. R. and Waddington, C. H. (eds) Quantitative Inheritance, pp. 5–41. Agricultural Research Council, London
• Wright S (1968) Evolution and the Genetics of Populations. Vol. 1. Genetics and Biometrical Foundations. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.