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PATTERN RECOGNITION FROM FACE IMAGES

Year 2017, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 14 - 20, 30.11.2017

Abstract

In this article, we use projected gradient descent
nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF-PGD) method and make pattern recognition
analysis on ORL face data set. Face recognition is one of the critical issues
in our life and some security, daily activities and operations use this well
known application area. NMF-PGD is a type of nonnegative matrix factorization
(NMF) which defined in the literature. In the study, derived NMF-PGD definition
and algorithm has been used in order to classify the ORL face images. We give
the experimental results in a table and graph. According to experiments, face
recognition accuracy rates have different accuracy values because of the k -
lower rank value. We change k-values between 25 and 144 to see the performance
of NMF-PGD. At the end, we make some analysis and comments on the recognition
rates. Additionally, NMF-PGD can also be used for different kind of pattern
recognition problems.

References

  • [1] X. Li, J. Zhou, L. Tong, X. Yu, J. Guo, C. Zhao, Structured Discriminative Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Hyperspectral Unmixing, IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, (2016), pp. 1848-1852.
  • [2] T. Ensari, J. Chorowski, and J. M. Zurada, “Correntropy-based Document Clustering via Nonnegative Matrix Factorization”, in Proc. Int. Conf. on Artificial Neural Networks, vol. 7553, (2012), pp. 347-354.
  • [3] T. Ensari, Character Recognition Analysis with Nonnegative Matrix Factorization, International Journal of Computers, vol. 1, (2016), pp. 219-222.
  • [4] C. Fevotte and J. Idier, “Algorithms for Nonnegative Matrix Factorization with the â-Divergence”, Neural Computation, vol. 23, no. 9, (2011), pp. 2421-2456.
  • [5] S. Choi, “Algorithms for orthogonal nonnegative matrix factorization”, in Proc. Int. Joint Conf. on Neural Networks, Hong Kong, (2008), pp. 1828-1832.
  • 6] D. D. Lee and S. Seung, Learning the Parts of Objects by Nonnegative Matrix Factorization, Nature 401, (1999), pp. 788-791. [7] D. D. Lee and S. Seung, (2000), Algorithms for Nonnegative Matrix Factorization, International Conference on Neural Information Processing.
  • [8] Alpaydın E.: Introduction to Machine Learning, The MIT Press, USA, (2015).
  • [9] M. Hu, Y. Zheng, F. Ren, H. Jiang: Age estimation and gender classification of facial images based on local directional pattern, IEEE International Conf. on Cloud Computing and Intelligent Systems, (2014), 103-107.
  • [10] Wiesner V., Evers L.: Statistical data mining, University of Oxford, (2004).
  • [11] T. Bissoon, S. Viriri: Gender classification using Face Recognition, International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology, (2013), 1-4.
  • [12] W. Zhao, H. Ma, and N. Li, “A new non-negative matrix factorization algorithm with sparseness constraints”, in Proc. the Int. Conf. on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, (2011), pp 1449-1452.
  • [13] H. Liu, Z. Wu, X. Li, D. Cai, and T. S. Huang, “Constrained nonnegative matrix factorization for image representation”, IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, (2012), vol. 34, no. 7.
  • [14] R. Gopalan, D. Jacobs, “Comparing and Combining Lighting Insensitive Approaches for Face Recognition”, Journal of Computer Vision and Image Understanding, (2010), pp 135-145, vol. 114, no. 1.
  • [15] S. Zafeiriou, A. Tefas, I. Buci, and I. Pitas, “Exploiting Discriminant Information in Nonnegative Matrix Factorization with Application to Frontal Face Verification”, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, (2006), vol. 17, no. 3.
  • [16] D. Guillamet, J. Vitria, “Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Face Recognition”, Proc. of Catalonian Conference on Artificial Intelligence, (2002).
  • [17] T. Feng, S. Z. Li, H. Y. Shum, H. J. Zhang, “Local Non-negative Matrix Factorization as A Visual Representation”, Proc. of Int. Conf. on Development and Learning, (2002).
Year 2017, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 14 - 20, 30.11.2017

Abstract

References

  • [1] X. Li, J. Zhou, L. Tong, X. Yu, J. Guo, C. Zhao, Structured Discriminative Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Hyperspectral Unmixing, IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, (2016), pp. 1848-1852.
  • [2] T. Ensari, J. Chorowski, and J. M. Zurada, “Correntropy-based Document Clustering via Nonnegative Matrix Factorization”, in Proc. Int. Conf. on Artificial Neural Networks, vol. 7553, (2012), pp. 347-354.
  • [3] T. Ensari, Character Recognition Analysis with Nonnegative Matrix Factorization, International Journal of Computers, vol. 1, (2016), pp. 219-222.
  • [4] C. Fevotte and J. Idier, “Algorithms for Nonnegative Matrix Factorization with the â-Divergence”, Neural Computation, vol. 23, no. 9, (2011), pp. 2421-2456.
  • [5] S. Choi, “Algorithms for orthogonal nonnegative matrix factorization”, in Proc. Int. Joint Conf. on Neural Networks, Hong Kong, (2008), pp. 1828-1832.
  • 6] D. D. Lee and S. Seung, Learning the Parts of Objects by Nonnegative Matrix Factorization, Nature 401, (1999), pp. 788-791. [7] D. D. Lee and S. Seung, (2000), Algorithms for Nonnegative Matrix Factorization, International Conference on Neural Information Processing.
  • [8] Alpaydın E.: Introduction to Machine Learning, The MIT Press, USA, (2015).
  • [9] M. Hu, Y. Zheng, F. Ren, H. Jiang: Age estimation and gender classification of facial images based on local directional pattern, IEEE International Conf. on Cloud Computing and Intelligent Systems, (2014), 103-107.
  • [10] Wiesner V., Evers L.: Statistical data mining, University of Oxford, (2004).
  • [11] T. Bissoon, S. Viriri: Gender classification using Face Recognition, International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology, (2013), 1-4.
  • [12] W. Zhao, H. Ma, and N. Li, “A new non-negative matrix factorization algorithm with sparseness constraints”, in Proc. the Int. Conf. on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, (2011), pp 1449-1452.
  • [13] H. Liu, Z. Wu, X. Li, D. Cai, and T. S. Huang, “Constrained nonnegative matrix factorization for image representation”, IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, (2012), vol. 34, no. 7.
  • [14] R. Gopalan, D. Jacobs, “Comparing and Combining Lighting Insensitive Approaches for Face Recognition”, Journal of Computer Vision and Image Understanding, (2010), pp 135-145, vol. 114, no. 1.
  • [15] S. Zafeiriou, A. Tefas, I. Buci, and I. Pitas, “Exploiting Discriminant Information in Nonnegative Matrix Factorization with Application to Frontal Face Verification”, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, (2006), vol. 17, no. 3.
  • [16] D. Guillamet, J. Vitria, “Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Face Recognition”, Proc. of Catalonian Conference on Artificial Intelligence, (2002).
  • [17] T. Feng, S. Z. Li, H. Y. Shum, H. J. Zhang, “Local Non-negative Matrix Factorization as A Visual Representation”, Proc. of Int. Conf. on Development and Learning, (2002).
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Tolga Ensari

Publication Date November 30, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ensari, T. (2017). PATTERN RECOGNITION FROM FACE IMAGES. Journal of Naval Sciences and Engineering, 13(2), 14-20.