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The Model of Pricing of Small Scale LNG Bunker Terminal in Turkey

Year 2018, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 71 - 90, 30.11.2018

Abstract

Turkey has great potential in liquified gas bunkering industry. Early
application of liquified gas terminal investments is high likely to generate
substantial income for the shipping industry of Turkey and to its economy as a
whole. The marine shipping industry is facinglchallenges to reduce engine
exhaust emissions and greenhouse gases (GHGs) from their ships. LNG is a
potentiall solution for meeting these requirements. Progress in the marine fuel
industry has become critical to shipowners and cargo owners, since fuel
consumption accounts for much of the total cost of travel and can be a
significant part of totall transport costs. LNG bunker in Northern Europe is
advancing, however, worldwide lack of supply is undermining the spread of LNG
bunkering. Therefore, providing security of supply in the Eastern Mediterranean
could represent an important milestone towards LNG supply chain implementation.

References

  • [1] Castillo, L. and Dorao, C.A., (2011), Decision-Making on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Projects Using Game Theory.[1] Castillo, L. and Dorao, C.A. (2011). Decision-Making on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Projects Using Game Theory. Paris, July, 2011, pp.60-66.
  • [2] Corbett, J. J. Wang, C. Winebrake, J. J. Green, E. (2007). Allocation and Forecasting of Global Ship Emissions; Clean Air Task Force and Friends of the Earth International. Boston, MA, January, 11, 2007, pp.1-26.
  • [3] Oudman, B. (2017). DNV GL, “Oil and Gas Forecast to 2050 Energy Transition Outlook 2017”, Retrieved from https://www.igu.org/sites/default/files/6_Ben%20Oudman_DNV%20GL_Energy%20Transition%20Outlook%20-%20Forecast%20for%20oil%20and%20gas....pdf (Access Date: 08.05.2018).
  • [4] European Commission, (2013). “Annual Report”, Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/ europeaid/index_en.htm. (Access Date: 01.05.2018).
  • [5] Gulf, H. (2015). “LNG Shipping News”, Retrieved from www.offshoreenergytoday.com (Access Date: 15.04.2018).
  • [6] GIIGNL, (2018), “The International Group of Liquefied Natural Gas Importers”, Retrieved from https://giignl.org/publications (Access Date: 25.05.2018).
  • [7] Hammingh, J.M.M. Aben, W.F. Blom, B.A. Jimmink, W.J. de Vries, and M. Visser. (2007). “MNP Report 500092004/2007 Effectiveness of International Emission Control Measures for North Sea Shipping on Dutch Air Quality”. AH Bilthoven, 2007, pp.1-50.
  • [8] International Energy Outlook. (2016). DOE/EIA-0484(2016), “U.S. Energy Information Administration”, Retrieved from https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/ ieo/ pdf/ 0484 (2016).pdf. (Access Date: 30.06.2016).
  • [9] IMO. (2016). “Emission Standards: International: IMO Marine Engine Regulations”. Retrieved from https://www.dieselnet.com /standards/ inter/ imo. php (Access Date: 01.29.2016).
  • [10] International Energy Agency. (2011). “Are We Entering a Golden Age of Gas?”, World Energy Outlook. Retrieved from www.eia.gov (Access Date:05.04.2018).
  • [11] Lloyd’s Register. (2017). “Lloyd’s Register LNG Bunkering Infrastructure Survey 2017”, Lloyd’s Register. Retrieved from www.lr.org (Access Date: 09.05.2018).
  • [12] Melling, A.J. (2010). “Natural Gas Pricing and Its Future. Europe as the Battleground”, 2010 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Washington, D.C.
  • [13] Stenersen, D. (2011). “Gas Fuelled Ships”. Cimac, pp.1–38.
  • [14] Wurster, R. Windorf, W. Zittel, W. and Müller. S. (2011). “LNG as an Alternative Fuel for the Operation of Ships and Heavy-Duty Vehicles”, (March 2014), pp.1–94.
Year 2018, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 71 - 90, 30.11.2018

Abstract

Türkiye'nin doğal gaz gemi yakıtı tedarikinde
büyük bir potansiyeli var. Sıvılaştırılmış gaz terminali yatırımlarının erken
uygulanmasının, Türkiye denizcilik sektörü ve bir bütün olarak Türkiye
ekonomisi için önemli bir gelir yaratması mümkündür. Gemilerin neden olduğu egzoz
emisyonlarının ve sera gazlarının azaltılması talepleri denizcilik sektörü
üzerinde ciddi sıkıntı yaratmaktadır. Deniz yakıtı endüstrisindeki ilerlemeler,
gemi sahipleri ve kargo sahipleri için kritik hale gelmiştir, çünkü yakıt
tüketimi toplam seyahat masraflarının çoğunu oluşturmaktadır ve bu durum, tonaj
maliyetlerinin önemli bir parçasıdır. LNG bu gereksinimleri karşılamak için
potansiyel bir çözümdür. Kuzey Avrupa'da LNG yakıt tedariki çok hızla
ilerlemektedir, ancak dünya çapında arz eksikliği LNG tedarik zinciri’nin
yayılmasını engellemektedir. Bu nedenle, Doğu Akdeniz'de yakıt arz güvenliği
sağlayacak terminal yatırımları, LNG tedarik zinciri uygulamasına yönelik büyük
bir eksiği kapatmaya yardımcı olacaktır.

References

  • [1] Castillo, L. and Dorao, C.A., (2011), Decision-Making on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Projects Using Game Theory.[1] Castillo, L. and Dorao, C.A. (2011). Decision-Making on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Projects Using Game Theory. Paris, July, 2011, pp.60-66.
  • [2] Corbett, J. J. Wang, C. Winebrake, J. J. Green, E. (2007). Allocation and Forecasting of Global Ship Emissions; Clean Air Task Force and Friends of the Earth International. Boston, MA, January, 11, 2007, pp.1-26.
  • [3] Oudman, B. (2017). DNV GL, “Oil and Gas Forecast to 2050 Energy Transition Outlook 2017”, Retrieved from https://www.igu.org/sites/default/files/6_Ben%20Oudman_DNV%20GL_Energy%20Transition%20Outlook%20-%20Forecast%20for%20oil%20and%20gas....pdf (Access Date: 08.05.2018).
  • [4] European Commission, (2013). “Annual Report”, Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/ europeaid/index_en.htm. (Access Date: 01.05.2018).
  • [5] Gulf, H. (2015). “LNG Shipping News”, Retrieved from www.offshoreenergytoday.com (Access Date: 15.04.2018).
  • [6] GIIGNL, (2018), “The International Group of Liquefied Natural Gas Importers”, Retrieved from https://giignl.org/publications (Access Date: 25.05.2018).
  • [7] Hammingh, J.M.M. Aben, W.F. Blom, B.A. Jimmink, W.J. de Vries, and M. Visser. (2007). “MNP Report 500092004/2007 Effectiveness of International Emission Control Measures for North Sea Shipping on Dutch Air Quality”. AH Bilthoven, 2007, pp.1-50.
  • [8] International Energy Outlook. (2016). DOE/EIA-0484(2016), “U.S. Energy Information Administration”, Retrieved from https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/ ieo/ pdf/ 0484 (2016).pdf. (Access Date: 30.06.2016).
  • [9] IMO. (2016). “Emission Standards: International: IMO Marine Engine Regulations”. Retrieved from https://www.dieselnet.com /standards/ inter/ imo. php (Access Date: 01.29.2016).
  • [10] International Energy Agency. (2011). “Are We Entering a Golden Age of Gas?”, World Energy Outlook. Retrieved from www.eia.gov (Access Date:05.04.2018).
  • [11] Lloyd’s Register. (2017). “Lloyd’s Register LNG Bunkering Infrastructure Survey 2017”, Lloyd’s Register. Retrieved from www.lr.org (Access Date: 09.05.2018).
  • [12] Melling, A.J. (2010). “Natural Gas Pricing and Its Future. Europe as the Battleground”, 2010 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Washington, D.C.
  • [13] Stenersen, D. (2011). “Gas Fuelled Ships”. Cimac, pp.1–38.
  • [14] Wurster, R. Windorf, W. Zittel, W. and Müller. S. (2011). “LNG as an Alternative Fuel for the Operation of Ships and Heavy-Duty Vehicles”, (March 2014), pp.1–94.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Tansel Erkmen 0000-0002-3586-9377

Publication Date November 30, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Erkmen, T. (2018). The Model of Pricing of Small Scale LNG Bunker Terminal in Turkey. Journal of Naval Sciences and Engineering, 14(2), 71-90.